O presente estudo teve por escopo analisar a jornada de trabalho do cirurgião-dentista sob diferentes aspectos. Os fatores que lastreiam a limitação da jornada no decorrer da história foram abordados, bem como aqueles que autorizam a jornada reduzida, aquém do limite constitucional, para algumas categorias específicas que, em virtude das condições especiais de trabalho, são consideradas profissões penosas extenuantes. A legislação relacionada ao tema foi analisada, mormente a Lei n° 3.999/61, em razão de ser ela fonte de embates jurídicos e decisões conflitantes no Judiciário, porquanto alguns juristas consideram que tal diploma estaria estipulando jornada reduzida para médicos e cirurgiões-dentistas. Insta destacar que, atualmente, haja vista a edição da orientação jurisprudencial n° 53, do Tribunal Superior do Trabalho, a matéria encontra-se pacificada nesse tribunal superior segundo o entendimento de que a citada lei não estipula jornada reduzida. Em que pese tal posicionamento, no presente estudo, por meio de um levantamento de publicações relacionadas aos riscos e às doenças ocupacionais do cirurgião-dentista, bem como de argumentos que fundamentam a jornada reduzida para outras atividades, procurou-se demonstrar que a profissão atende aos requisitos que autorizam a concessão desse benefício. Essa singularidade, no que toca ao desgaste físico e psíquico do trabalhador, justifica, portanto, um tratamento diferenciado. / The purpose of the present study was to analyze the dentist working hours by different aspects. The factors that justify the hour’s limitation in the labor history had been approached, such as those ones which allowed a reduction of hours of work, less than the constitutional limit, for some specific occupations that, due to the special working conditions, were considered arduous and exhausting professions. The legislation related to this subject had been analyzed, in particular the law 3.999/61, since its is the source of legal discussions and conflicting decisions in the Judiciary, whereas some jurists consider that such law would be stipulating a reduction of hours of work for physicians and dentists. It’s important to emphasize that, nowadays, whereas the jurisprudential orientation, edition 53, of the Tribunal Superior do Trabalho, the subject is settled in this superior court, according to the common sense which the cited law does not determine a reduced working hours. Despite of this orientation, this present study, through a survey of publications that were related to the risks and occupational diseases for the dentists, as well as arguments that justify the reduction of hours of work for others activities, attempted to demonstrate that the profession fulfill the requirements for the concession of this benefit. This singularity, concerning the professional’s physical and psychic exhaustion, justifies, therefore, a distinct treatment.

Although the conflicting demands between work and family have been documented for mothers, much less is known about fathers. Specifically, must less is known about how family and work influence the work hours and schedules of fathers and how these influences might vary by class. In this paper, I use multi-methods to compare a relatively affluent group of professionals (physicians) to a group of working class fathers (emergency medical technicians) in how work and family influence their hours and schedules. I find that, on the one hand, the working-class fathers, while saying that their children are not a great influence on the schedules, are more likely to manipulate their schedules in order to participate in the daily care of their children in response to spouses’ employment, or perform “private fathering.” Physicians, on the other hand, are more likely claim the importance of their children on their schedules, but prioritize work demands and participate with their children through their children’s special events, or practice “public fathering.” These differences are class-related, based on the work and family structures in place for each group of fathers.

No description available.

Yes / There is a marked increase in the number of General Practitioner (GP) organisations across Europe providing out of hours (OOH) emergency primary care services whereby GPs and/or Nurse Practitioners (NPs), provide telephone consultations to patients (Giesen et al., 2007a, McKinstry et al., 2009, Derkx et al., 2009). This has been an important development to manage the rising demand for health care with increasingly scarce resources (Blank et al., 2012, Purc-Stephenson and Thrasher, 2010) and also reduces unnecessary attendance at accident and emergency departments or home visits by GPs (Bunn et al., 2005, Roberts et al., 2008)... In this study we describe the characteristics of telephone consultation calls made by pregnant women to an OOH service run by a GP co-operative and also to compare and contrast the differences between the way the calls were handled by GPs and Nurse Practitioners (NPs). The NPs were qualified and registered nurses experienced in primary care or emergency care settings and none were practicing.

No

This essay examines the impact of employees' working hours on genderequality. There is a problem linked to part-time and full-time work alongwith gender equality, which leads to that significantly more women workspart-time than men do. The reason to this is partially because the welfareindustry is female-dominated and infused by part-time employment, andbecause of the uneven distribution of roles between the sexes. A new rule ofpresumption has been formulated in the Employment Protection Act(1982:80) which stipulates that all employment contracts apply for full-timework, unless agreed otherwise. The purpose of this essay is to investigate theprovision of full-time as the norm and whether an extension of workinghours will promote equality in the labor market. A shortening of workinghours is presented as another possible solution to the gender equalityproblem and after that, both possibilities get analyzed with their pros andcons and their relevant legislation. To investigate whether full-time work as a norm will improve genderequality, research results from previous full-time projects are compared. Insummary, the results of this essay show that full-time work as a norm islikely to be a successful equality tool, but previous research has shown thatsupplementary measures will then be required. Among other things, it will berequired that the government works to remove unfavorable working hoursand that the welfare professions become more sought after among men.Another important measure is to work more actively to remove the unevengender distribution around unpaid domestic and care work. This is importantbecause it is something that leads to many women not getting their lifepuzzle together and therefore choosing to work part-time instead of full-timein order to have more time to spare

This essay is about the change of the Swedish party Socialdemokraterna (S). It is a very current subject, since many political newspapers write about that the party moves into the political middle. Apparently the party is not what it used to be and that is what this essay will explore and analyze. My purpose is to explore what ideal type answers best to the Social democrats change. The chosen ideal types are neo-liberalism, reformist socialism and the third way. And the materials I use are political programs from 1990, 2001 and 2013. To achieve my purpose I’ve chosen two different methods: 1. Content analysis 2. Idea analysis. Each of them has been very useful and to combine them has proved efficient. The results of the content analysis show that the party in 2001 and 2013 is using a different vocabulary than in 1990. The results of the idea analysis are that the political program from 2013 show that some of the ideas are divergent. For example, a traditional social democratic value is that the working hours should be shorter. But in 2013, the party doesn’t suggest shorter working days and weeks.

Det rapporteras flitigt i media om att sjukskrivningar pga. av utbrändhet fortsätter att öka under 2000-talet, att människor i Sverige har svårt att få ihop sin tillvaro på ett långsiktigt hållbart sätt. Målet med denna uppsats är att genom en fallstudie undersöka om en reduktion av arbetstiden påverkat arbetstagarens psykiska hälsa positivt. Studien bygger på en enkätundersökning och två uppföljande djupintervjuer riktade mot ett enda företag. Efter att ha sammanställt materialet har uppsatsens författare kunnat dra vissa slutsatser om kopplingen mellan arbetstidsförkortning och förbättrat psykiskt mående.   Resultatet visade att alla respondenter i studien upplevt en betydande positiv förbättring av sin psykiska hälsa och sitt välbefinnande.

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Public Administration

66 Abstract - Flexible forms of working hours This diploma thesis deals with the flexible forms of working hours and its goal is to describe this issue in intelligible and comprehensive way. It is being very interesting and current theme which is to a great extent not subject to direct legal regulations and provides its contracting parties with a big amount of freedom of contract. This fact assists in bigger flexibilization of labour market and represents a significant instrument in the fight against unemployment and economic crisis. This thesis is composed of six chapters. Chapter One introduces the term flexible forms of working hours and briefly describes the content of following chapters. Chapter Two delimits the area of labour law in relation to other branches of law and describes law principles relating to labour law. The following Chapter Three deals with legal regulations of working hours, its length, ways of allotment and international legal regulations. Chapter Four represents an introduction to the flexible forms of working hours. The basic methods of division of flexibility in the relation to the labour market are mentioned here as well as flexible forms of work are divided on the basis of typology which is used in this diploma thesis. This chapter is followed by Chapter Five, which is the most...