<p>Examensarbetet ger läsaren en inblick i förhållningssättet och verktyget Human Dynamics. I arbetet jämförs annan forsknings syn på en gynnsam lärandemiljö för barn med koncentrationssvårigheter med Human Dynamics teori.</p><p>Syftet har varit att undersöka om förhållningssättet är fördelaktigt för elever med koncentrationssvårigheter.</p><p>Undersökningen, som är baserad på intervjuer med kvalitativ inriktning, visar exempel på hur pedagoger använder verktyget i praktiken samt hur de uppfattar barn med koncentrationssvårigheter och deras behov. Respondenterna är positiva till Human Dynamics och menar att förståelsen för olikheter och insikter om sig själv har hjälpt dem att se olika individers behov på ett annat sätt än tidigare.</p><p>Slutsatsen är att Human Dynamics teori är förenlig med annan forskning och gynnsam för alla individer, men kunskapen löser inte alla svårigheter utan specialpedagogiska åtgärder är nödvändiga i vissa fall.</p>

Durch große Datenmengen können die Forscher die Eigenschaften komplexer Systeme untersuchen, z.B. komplexe Netzwerk und die Dynamik des menschlichen Verhaltens. Eine große Anzahl an Systemen werden als große und komplexe Netzwerke dargestellt, z.B. das Internet, Stromnetze, Wirtschaftssysteme. Immer mehr Forscher haben großes Interesse an der Dynamik des komplexen Netzwerks. Diese Arbeit besteht aus den folgenden drei Teilen. Der erste Teil ist ein einfacher dynamischer Optimierungs-Kopplungs-Mechanismus, aber sehr wirksam. Durch den Mechanismus kann synchronisation in komplexen Netzwerken mit und ohne Zeitverzögerung realisiert, und die Fähigkeit der Synchronisation von small-world und scale-free Netze verbessert werden. Im zweiten Teil geht um die Verstärkung der Robustheit der scale-free Netze im Zusammenhang mit der Gemeinden-Struktur. Einige Reaktionsmuster und topologische Gemeinden sind einheitlich. Die Ergebnisse zeigen einen neuen Aspekt der Beziehung zwischen den Funktionen und der Netzwerk-Topologie von komplexen Netzwerken. Im dritten Teil welche eine wichtige Rolle in komplexen Netzwerken spielt, wird die Verhaltens-Dynamik der menschliche Mitteilung durch Daten- und Modellanalysierung erforscht, dann entsteht ein neues Mitteilungsmodell. Mit Hilfe von einem Interaktion priority-Queue Model kann das neue Modell erklärt werden. Mit Hilfe des Models können viele praktische Interaktions-Systeme erklärt werden, z.B. E-Mail und Briefe (oder Post). Mit Hilfe meiner Untersuchung kann man menschliches Verhalten auf der Individuums- und Netzwerkebene neu kennenlernen. Im vierter Teil kann ich nachweisen, dass menschliches Kommentar-Verhalten in on-line Sozialsystemen, eine andere Art der Interaktionsdynamik von Mensch non-Poisson ist und dieses am Modell erklären. Mit Hilfe der non-Poisson Prozesse kann man das persönliche Anziehungskraft-Modell besser verstehen. Die Ergebnisse sind hilfreich zum Kennenlernen des Musters des menschlichen Verhaltens in on-line Gesellschaften und der Entwicklung von öffentlicher Meinung nicht nur in der virtuellen Gesellschaftn sondern auch in der Realgesellschaft. Am Ende geht es um eine Prognose von menschlicher Dynamik und komplexen Netzwerken. / The availability of large data sets has allowed researchers to uncover complex properties in complex systems, such as complex networks and human dynamics. A vast number of systems, from the Internet to the brain, power grids, ecosystems, can be represented as large complex networks. Dynamics on and of complex networks has attracted more and more researchers’ interest. In this thesis, first, I introduced a simple but effective dynamical optimization coupling scheme which can realize complete synchronization in networks with undelayed and delayed couplings and enhance the small-world and scale-free networks’ synchronizability. Second, I showed that the robustness of scale-free networks with community structure was enhanced due to the existence of communities in the networks and some of the response patterns were found to coincide with topological communities. My results provide insights into the relationship between network topology and the functional organization in complex networks from another viewpoint. Third, as an important kind of nodes of complex networks, human detailed correspondence dynamics was studied by both data and the model. A new and general type of human correspondence pattern was found and an interacting priority-queues model was introduced to explain it. The model can also embrace a range of realistic social interacting systems such as email and letter communication. My findings provide insight into various human activities both at the individual and network level. Fourth, I present clearly new evidence that human comment behavior in on-line social systems, a different type of interacting human dynamics, is non-Poissonian and a model based on the personal attraction was introduced to explain it. These results are helpful for discovering regular patterns of human behavior in on-line society and the evolution of the public opinion on the virtual as well as real society. Finally, there are conclusion and outlook of human dynamics and complex networks.

Examensarbetet ger läsaren en inblick i förhållningssättet och verktyget Human Dynamics. I arbetet jämförs annan forsknings syn på en gynnsam lärandemiljö för barn med koncentrationssvårigheter med Human Dynamics teori. Syftet har varit att undersöka om förhållningssättet är fördelaktigt för elever med koncentrationssvårigheter. Undersökningen, som är baserad på intervjuer med kvalitativ inriktning, visar exempel på hur pedagoger använder verktyget i praktiken samt hur de uppfattar barn med koncentrationssvårigheter och deras behov. Respondenterna är positiva till Human Dynamics och menar att förståelsen för olikheter och insikter om sig själv har hjälpt dem att se olika individers behov på ett annat sätt än tidigare. Slutsatsen är att Human Dynamics teori är förenlig med annan forskning och gynnsam för alla individer, men kunskapen löser inte alla svårigheter utan specialpedagogiska åtgärder är nödvändiga i vissa fall.

Föreliggande studie bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer av fem pedagoger. Genom att intervjua pedagoger med utbildning i Human Dynamics, undersöker jag hur pedagoger arbetar praktisk med Human Dynamics med fokus på inlärningsprocessen. Jag undersöker även likheter och skillnader mellan Human Dynamics och Dunn och Dunns lärstilsmodell. / Learning Style - Human Dynamics - Learning Process - Intervjues with teachers in nine-year compulsory school

In this dissertation, I extend the analysis of human dynamics to human movements in online activities. My work starts with a discussion of the human information foraging process based on three large collections of empirical search click-through logs collected in different time periods. With the analogy of viewing the click-through on search engine result pages as a random walk, a variety of quantities like the distributions of step length and waiting time as well as mean-squared displacements, correlations and entropies are discussed. Notable differences between the different logs reveal an increased efficiency of the search engines, which is found to be related to the vanishing of the heavy-tailed characteristics of step lengths in newer logs as well as the switch from superdiffusion to normal diffusion in the diffusive processes of the random walks. In the language of foraging, the newer logs indicate that online searches overwhelmingly yield local searches, whereas for the older logs the foraging processes are a combination of local searches and relocation phases that are power-law distributed. The investigation highlights the presence of intermittent search processes in online searches, where phases of local explorations are separated by power-law distributed relocation jumps. In the second part of this dissertation I focus on an in-depth analysis of online gambling behaviors. For this analysis the collected empirical gambling logs reveal the wide existence of heavy-tailed statistics in various quantities in different online gambling games. For example, when players are allowed to choose arbitrary bet values, the bet values present log-normal distributions, meanwhile if they are restricted to use items as wagers, the distribution becomes truncated power laws. Under the analogy of viewing the net change of income of each player as a random walk, the mean-squared displacement and first-passage time distribution of these net income random walks both exhibit anomalous diffusion. In particular, in an online lottery game the mean-squared displacement presents a crossover from a superdiffusive to a normal diffusive regime, which is reproduced using simulations and explained analytically. This investigation also reveals the scaling characteristics and probability reweighting in risk attitude of online gamblers, which may help to interpret behaviors in economic systems. This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation through grants DMR-1205309 and DMR-1606814. / Ph. D. / Humans are complex, meanwhile understanding the complex human behaviors is of crucial importance in solving many social problems. In recent years, socio physicists have made substantial progress in human dynamics research. In this dissertation, I extend this type of analysis to human movements in online activities. My work starts with a discussion of the human information foraging process. This investigation is based on empirical search logs and an analogy of viewing the click-through on search engine result pages as a random walk. With an increased efficiency of the search engines, the heavy-tailed characteristics of step lengths disappear, and the diffusive processes of the random walkers switch from superdiffusion to normal diffusion. In the language of foraging, the newer logs indicate that online searches overwhelmingly yield local searches, whereas for the older logs the foraging processes are a combination of local searches and relocation phases that are power-law distributed. The investigation highlights the presence of intermittent search processes in online searches, where phases of local explorations are separated by power-law distributed relocation jumps. In the second part of this dissertation I focus on an in-depth analysis of online gambling behaviors, where the collected empirical gambling logs reveal the wide existence of heavy-tailed statistics in various quantities. Using an analogy of viewing the net change of income of each player as a random walk, the mean-squared displacement and first-passage time distribution of these net income random walks exhibit anomalous diffusion. This investigation also reveals the scaling characteristics and probability reweighting in risk attitude of online gamblers, which may help to interpret behaviors in economic systems. This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation through grants DMR-1205309 and DMR-1606814.

Ny kunskap söker människan ständigt genom hela livet. Kunskap är det vi individer tar till oss och lär oss. Sättet på vilket inlärningen sker hos elever kan variera. Alla kanske inte lär sig bäst genom dagens, än så länge vanligaste pedagogik, förmedlingspedagogik. I förmedlingspedagogiken står pedagogen för förmedling av information till eleverna och det blir ofta en envägskommunikation. Med vår uppsats vill vi hjälpa andra pedagoger och individer att få en inblick i vad inlärningsstilar innebär och vad det kan bidra med till undervisningen och till samhället. Därför har vi valt att undersöka inlärning och inlärningsstilar med fokus på de perceptuella styrkorna (sinnena). Det huvudsakliga problemområdet i denna avhandling är att ta reda på hur man kan använda inlärningsstilsanpassad undervisning i skolan och vilken inlärningsstil som föredras av eleverna i en 1:a klass. Syftet med denna uppsats är att vi vill bidra till kunskapsutvecklingen inom begreppet inlärning och hur man kan använda sig av inlärningsstilar i skolan för att uppmärksamma varje elevs individuella inlärning. Frågeställningarna vi har valt är:•Vilka skäl anger pedagogerna i undersökningsgruppen för sitt val att arbeta utifrån teorier om inlärningsstilar.•Hur arbetar elever och pedagoger i vår urvalsgrupp med inlärningsstilar i år 1? Hur kan en lektion i svenska ser ut med hjälp av inlärningsstilar i år 1?•Vilka inlärningsstilar föredrar eleverna i år 1 och varför föredrar de dem? Elever och pedagoger i den studerade klassen, kan på ett välfungerande och stimulerande sätt arbeta med inlärningsstilar. I relation till våra frågeställningar får vi utifrån våra intervjuer reda på att de visuella och auditiva sinnena är vanligast och att det är dessa arbetssätt eleverna föredrar. Vi frågade pedagogerna om man skulle kunna arbeta på samma vis inom alla ämnen? I denna fråga delar sig de intervjuade pedagogernas mening. En svarar att inlärningsstilar går att använda i alla ämnen medan en annan anser att det både kan användas i alla ämnen men kan också vara svårt att tillämpa i vissa. Om det fungerar så här bra inom svenskan, borde man väl alltid kunna använda inlärningsstilar! Påpekar Lisa. Men räcker då tiden till? Det är något som pedagogerna ser som ett stort hinder, tiden. Upplägget inför lektionen med inlärningsstilar tar tid och det gör även tillverkningen av material. Det kan också vara svårt att hitta övningar som passar varje elevs enskilda behov. / AbstractLearning styles - a recognition of differences by Sara Håkansson and Malin Wingårdh-Hallgard. This survey acts about students' learning through learning styles. The main problem area in this dissertation is to find oute how persons can used learning style tailored education in the school and which learning style are preferred of the students in a 1: a class. The aim with this essay is that we wants to contribute to the knowledge development within the concept learning and how one can use learning styles in the school in order to notice each pupil's individual learning. The issues we have choosen is:• Which reasons state the educationist in the survey group for its choice to work on the basis of theories about learning styles?• How works students and educationits in ouer selection group with learning styles in year 1? How can a lesson in Swede sees out with the aid of learning styles in year 1?• Which learning styles prefer the students in year 1 and why prefers the them? The survey's implementation builds on observations and qualitative interviews with 21 students, two educationists in a first class and a preschool teacher on the same school. We have also used different theorists and their theories, as Dunn & Dunn, Gardner and Piagets, and the theory Human Dynamics. The most important results are that the learning happens individually for each pupil and that educationists strives after letting the students find possibility to use their best perceptuel strength (minds) in order to faith through the the different learning styles. The shows itself that most off the students know himself most home with the visualy and auditory and seems to work on the basis of these strength.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marilda Schiller de Moraes.pdf: 2077674 bytes, checksum: 85683f79e158bd4fe193bcf41b45adf2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-17 / This study s main goal is to identify how the use of Ontological Coaching, based on the Ontology of Language, can facilitate communication and assist in building healthy and productive environments within companies. In the universe of organizations the communication issue has great importance, because it is through the instructions and exchange of informations that are developed all the actions needed for the effectuation of processes, and respective development of products. So, we inhabit a linguistic world, in which the word, in special the spoken word, becomes the instrument by excellence of the executive s action, the essencial way to get in touch with others and to obtain results. Nonetheless, the administrative language, featured by short, direct, and many times urgent commands, tends to complicate the communication inside the companies. Assuming that a reflexive posture allows comprehension to deep personal transformations and that the realization of sensitization workshops may facilitate the processes of communication, motivation and leadership, transforming people into enabling vectors for the generation of a productive and wholesome environment in the organization, it was done a research with 141 professionals of the Hospital das Clínicas of Campo Limpo Paulista (HCCLP). Taking into account the main goal of the study, meetings of Ontogical Coaching took place, with 7 professionals responsible for the management of the referred institution, along with sensitization workshops, about Human Dynamics and Conversational Skills, for the 141 professionals allocated in the sectors of Reception and Nursing of the HCCLP. To enable the comparison of observable behaviours, there were developed two researches with quantitave approaches and two researches with qualitative approaches, based on Survey interviews, before and after the interventions, which made possible the mapping of the effectiveness of the use of sensitization methodology and the contribution of Ontological Coaching to Hospital Management. The results of the quantitative research indicated a growth of 0,4% in the perception of Communication between the sections of the institution, reflecting on a growth of 3,0% on the perception of employee s Motivation, despite the reduction of -0,7% in the perception of the teams on Leadership. Isolating of these percentuals the evaluation done by the employees from the management area, which went throught the Coaching, a significant improvement on Motivation, Communication and Leadership dimensions could be perceived, with positive evaluation percentuals of 17,5%, 17,1% and 14,5%, respectively, in the period comprehended between the two researches. In that same way, by evaluating the statements resultant of the qualitative research interviews, a lot of testimonials were observed claiming that the Coaching meetings and the workshops brought important contributions to the professionals holders of the management positions, along with the improvement in the communication between the teams allocated in the Reception and Nursing sectors. That being, the conclusion is that the exercise of the Ontological Coaching has a lot to contribute with Hospital Management / O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal identificar o quanto a utilização do Coaching Ontológico, fundamentado na Ontologia da Linguagem, pode facilitar a comunicação e auxiliar na construção de ambientes saudáveis e produtivos dentro das empresas. No universo das organizações a questão da comunicação tem grande importância, pois é por meio das instruções e das informações trocadas que se desenvolvem todas as ações necessárias para a efetivação dos processos e respectivo desenvolvimento dos produtos da empresa, ou seja, habitamos um mundo linguístico, no qual a palavra e, em especial a fala, torna-se o instrumento por excelência da ação do executivo, o meio essencial para entrar em contato com os outros e para obter resultados. No entanto, a linguagem administrativa, caracterizada por comandos curtos, diretos e muitas vezes urgentes, acaba por dificultar a comunicação dentro das empresas. Partindo da premissa de que uma postura reflexiva permite compreensão para profundas transformações pessoais, e que a realização de oficinas de sensibilização pode facilitar os processos de comunicação, motivação e liderança, transformando-os em vetores facilitadores para a geração de um ambiente produtivo e de bem-estar na organização, foi realizada uma pesquisa-ação, com 141 profissionais do Hospital de Clínicas de Campo Limpo Paulista (HCCLP). Levando em consideração o objetivo do presente estudo, foram realizadas reuniões de Coaching Ontológico, com 7 profissionais responsáveis pela gestão da referida instituição, e realizadas oficinas de sensibilização, sobre Dinâmicas Humanas e sobre Competências Conversacionais, para os 141 profissionais alocados nos setores de Recepção e de Enfermagem do HCCLP. Para tornar possível a comparação de comportamentos observáveis, foram realizadas duas pesquisas com abordagens quantitativas e duas pesquisas com abordagens qualitativas, com entrevistas do tipo Survey, antes e depois das intervenções, que permitiram mapear a efetividade do uso das metodologias de sensibilização e da contribuição do Coaching Ontológico na Gestão Hospitalar. Os resultados da pesquisa quantitativa mostraram crescimento de 0,4% na percepção sobre a Comunicação entre os setores da instituição, refletindo em um crescimento de 3,0% na percepção sobre a Motivação dos funcionários, apesar da redução em -0,7% na percepção das equipes sobre a Liderança. Isolando desses percentuais a avaliação efetuada pelos funcionários da área de Gestão, que passaram pelo processo de Coaching, percebe-se significativa melhora de percepção sobre as dimensões de Motivação, Comunicação e Liderança, com percentuais de avaliação positivos em 17,5%, 17,1% e 14,5%, respectivamente, no período compreendido entre as duas pesquisas. Da mesma forma, ao avaliar as declarações resultantes das entrevistas da pesquisa qualitativa, pode-se identificar vários depoimentos que afirmam que as reuniões de Coaching e as oficinas de sensibilização trouxeram importantes contribuições para os profissionais detentores de cargos de Gestão, além de melhora na comunicação entre as equipes alocadas nos setores da Recepção e da Enfermagem. Assim sendo, conclui-se que a prática do Coaching Ontológico tem muito a contribuir com a Gestão Hospitalar

La dynamique humaine est un sujet essentiel de l'informatique centrée sur l’homme. Elle se concentre sur la compréhension des régularités sous-jacentes, des relations, et des changements dans les comportements humains. En analysant la dynamique humaine, nous pouvons comprendre non seulement des comportements individuels, tels que la présence d’une personne à un endroit précis, mais aussi des comportements collectifs, comme les mouvements sociaux. L’exploration de la dynamique humaine permet ainsi diverses applications, entre autres celles des services géo-dépendants personnalisés dans des scénarios de ville intelligente. Avec l'omniprésence des smartphones équipés de GPS, les réseaux sociaux de géolocalisation ont acquis une popularité croissante au cours des dernières années, ce qui rend les données de comportements des utilisateurs disponibles à grande échelle. Sur les dits réseaux sociaux de géolocalisation, les utilisateurs peuvent partager leurs activités en temps réel avec par l'enregistrement de leur présence à des points d'intérêt (POIs), tels qu’un restaurant. Ces données d'activité contiennent des informations massives sur la dynamique humaine. Dans cette thèse, nous explorons la dynamique humaine basée sur les données massives des réseaux sociaux de géolocalisation. Concrètement, du point de vue individuel, nous étudions la préférence de l'utilisateur quant aux POIs avec des granularités différentes et ses applications, ainsi que la régularité spatio-temporelle des activités des utilisateurs. Du point de vue collectif, nous explorons la forme d'activité collective avec les granularités de pays et ville, ainsi qu’en corrélation avec les cultures globales / Human dynamics is an essential aspect of human centric computing. As a transdisciplinary research field, it focuses on understanding the underlying patterns, relationships, and changes of human behavior. By exploring human dynamics, we can understand not only individual’s behavior, such as a presence at a specific place, but also collective behaviors, such as social movement. Understanding human dynamics can thus enable various applications, such as personalized location based services. However, before the availability of ubiquitous smart devices (e.g., smartphones), it is practically hard to collect large-scale human behavior data. With the ubiquity of GPS-equipped smart phones, location based social media has gained increasing popularity in recent years, making large-scale user activity data become attainable. Via location based social media, users can share their activities as real-time presences at Points of Interests (POIs), such as a restaurant or a bar, within their social circles. Such data brings an unprecedented opportunity to study human dynamics. In this dissertation, based on large-scale location centric social media data, we study human dynamics from both individual and collective perspectives. From individual perspective, we study user preference on POIs with different granularities and its applications in personalized location based services, as well as the spatial-temporal regularity of user activities. From collective perspective, we explore the global scale collective activity patterns with both country and city granularities, and also identify their correlations with diverse human cultures

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