Currently there is a resurgence of the role of traditional chiefs in the development of sub-Saharan African countries. It has been proposed that African countries need to adopt more effective and pragmatic approaches, which are rooted in local societies and cultures and can therefore provide developmental outcomes. This thesis examines whether traditional chieftaincy in Ghana, which is a highly respected institution compared to other African countries can be effective and legitimate providers of public goods. This is done by analysing the way chiefs' exercise authority over community land and the revenue it produces. The study analysed land management practices under chiefs' authority and the dynamics of the politics of negotiating compensation for land and public goods. The main finding of the thesis is that investment in public goods might be facilitated by the development of multi-institutional arrangement that ensures collaboration among state and non-state institutions at the local level as a form of co-production for development. The implications of this arrangement on the political authority of chiefs at the local level are examined. The thesis questions the notion that it is custom and tradition that makes leadership provided by chiefs effective, and argues that what matters for development is how legitimate traditional authority is exercised in practice. The main conclusions of the thesis are that: firstly, although chiefs' are important traditional authorities in Ghana, they do not exercise political authority that is effective, as expected, for the development of local communities. There should therefore be caution in elevating traditional authority as the most effective legitimate form of locally rooted authority in Africa, given that Ghana is a country where chiefly authority is still extremely strong and respected. Attention should rather be focussed on the use of local cultural repertoires and multi-institutional collaborations, which have local problem-solving characteristics for development. Secondly, the thesis also provides evidence that shows how activities of mining companies potentially contribute to development of local communities. As a result there is the need to take a more nuanced view of how mining companies operate in Africa.

This thesis aims to contribute to an understanding of how citizenship is constructed, sensed and practiced by people who have experienced violent conflict and displacement. In the Acholi region of Uganda, the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) created large-scale insecurity and mass-displacement between the late 1980s until the region returned to stability in 2006. In this thesis I compare two conflict-affected locations in the Acholi region with one non-affected location in Lango region. The overall proposition of this study is that the experience of protracted conflict and displacement leads to a lack of a sense of citizenship and to diminished forms of citizen engagement, due to the limited opportunity for learning and experiencing the practice of citizenship. I used qualitative research methods during ten months of fieldwork in 2010. For an analysis of people's sense of citizenship, I studied how people perceive and feel themselves to be members of the wider political community; as members of the Acholi tribe and as citizens of Uganda. For the analysis of the practice of citizenship I studied various forms of citizen engagement: with local authorities, in community institutions, for development and for accountability purposes. Numerous challenges to citizen participation exist across Uganda. These include a lack of knowledge about the system and lack of self-confidence, barriers associated with the micropolitics of participation, and democratic deficits of the overall political system. However, underlying reasons for non-participation can vary. In Acholi, some of these reasons are attributable to people's experiences during the war. I conclude that protracted conflict diminishes a sense of citizenship and radically changes the social environment in which active citizenship is learnt, through the narrowing and securitisation of institutions and the public sphere. The sense and practice that exist in the post-conflict situation are therefore characterised by certain ideas, perceptions, emotions and behaviours that were developed during the conflict.

Orientador: Pedro Ramos / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-07T13:51:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_PatriciaAndradedeOliveirae_M.pdf: 1697308 bytes, checksum: ded9888b76414f313a76af6e872fc4cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Partindo do reconhecimento da persistência da Questão Agrária na sociedade brasileira e, portanto, da necessidade da Reforma Agrária, o trabalho analisa o debate acerca do tema e as duas formas como os estudiosos tem proposto a sua realização, contraponto os argumentos favoráveis e contrários a ambas, sendo elas a tradicional (via desapropriação) e a de mercado (via concessão de crédito fundiário). Para tanto, o trabalho fundamenta-se em uma revisão crítica dos principais trabalhos e busca a resposta mais consistente, lançando mão de pesquisas referentes aos impactos sobre as alterações nas condições de vida das famílias decorrentes tanto dos projetos de assentamentos realizados pelo INCRA como dos financiados pelo Banco Mundial, através do Projeto Cédula da Terra / Abstract: Based on the persisting Question of Land in Brazil, and that of the necessity for Land Reform, this thesis analyses the discussion surrounding this issue, comparing the pros and cons of the two ways that researchers believe this should be carried out: the traditional (via dispossession) and the market (via concession and agrarian credit). To do this, the work is based on a critical review of the principle literature in the area and looks to find a consistent answer. It also examines the research on how the settlement projects, carried out by the INCRA and those financed by the World Bank, via the Cedula da Terra Project, impacted the lifestyles of the families / Mestrado / Desenvolvimento Economico, Espaço e Meio Ambiente / Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico

Esta tese propõe um método que auxiliará o prognóstico de custos de urbanização para a implantação de conjuntos habitacionais horizontais, considerando-se que cada item que compõe estes custos pode ser colocado em função de indicadores quantitativos que, por sua vez, variam em função da influência de alguns fatores físicos relacionados à gleba ou às opções de projeto. O método foi desenvolvido baseado tanto em uma abordagem teórica (usando conhecimentos advindos dos estudos bibliográficos e das entrevistas com especialistas) quanto em estudo de casos (51 conjuntos habitacionais foram estudados e proveram os bancos de dados analisados). Neste texto, inicialmente, descreve-se a metodologia de pesquisa e os principais conceitos para a compreensão do tema. Em seguida, expõem-se as partes que compõem a urbanização de conjuntos habitacionais que foram analisadas e os indicadores propostos para as avaliarem. As principais características da gleba e dos projetos que influenciam cada indicador são, então, discutidas. Por fim, a validação do método proposto é apresentada. Vários apêndices foram elaborados com informações sobre: os itens da urbanização abordados na pesquisa; os indicadores propostos; e outros métodos que auxiliam o prognóstico de custos descritos na bibliografia. Os resultados do método proposto serão bastante úteis ao definirem relações entre diretrizes de projeto e seus custos. Assim, eles subsidiarão encontrar meios/diretrizes para reduzir custos e, por outro lado, permitirão prognosticar os custos gerados pelas diretrizes que se deve atender. / This thesis develops a method that will help to forecast urbanization costs for horizontal inhabitation human settlements. It considers that each part of a settlement that means costs can be evaluated in terms of quantitative indicators. Moreover, for such indicators, it is considered to be possible to understand the effect of terrain and design options features on them. The method was developed based both on a theoretical approach (using knowledge coming from literature and interviews of specialists) as on case studies (51 Human settlements were studied and provided the basis to collect data to be processed and analyzed). The paper firstly describes the research methodology and the main concepts related to the subject. Then it describes the human settlements urbanization parts and the indicators that evaluated each of them. The main settlements features influencing each indicator are discussed. Method validation is the focus at the end of the text. Several appendixes are provided with information about: the human settlement parts and design; the adopted indicators; other cost forecast methods described in the literature. The information provided by the method will be helpful in terms of defining the relationship between design directives and costs. Then, it will help to find ways to reduce costs; on the other hand, it also allows forecasting costs related to a group of directives that one have to attend.

Thesis (M.Dev) --University of Limpopo, 2011 / Projects will do well, sustain and function effectively if the people and communities for whom they are established understood them better and took charge of their implementation. The integrated development planning is, by its nature and purpose appropriate and proves a better tool for community development. It is already showing some fruits and will, undoubtedly continue serving the purpose as long as its implementation is based on the peoples' own analysis of their own problems and perceived solutions. The aim of this research was to evaluate on the level of community participation in the integrated development planning conducted by the Molemole municipality in the villages, more especially, Mokomene which is under Kgosi Ramokgopa. It has also been the objectives of the research to assess and measure the level of participation by members of the community in this area.lnterviews, questionnaires and observations were used to carry out the research.While many people in this area supported the introduction of the IDP in the communities, these recommended strongly for its correct implementation. The results of the research indicate a substantial number of people who still believe education and orientation on IDP matters should be given to the communities.

Thesis (M.A.), Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2000. / Restricted until June 2001. Bibliography: leaves 154-169.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

An attempt is made in this dissertation to evaluate the quality of life of communities living in traditional settlements and planned betterment schemes. A comprehensive socio-economic survey was undertaken to assess the developmental potential of both areas. The dissertation also drew a comparison between the two settlements in terms of their physical and human capabilities. Final analysis revealed that there are significant environmental differences between the two settlements. The communities differ markedly in terms of their land use patterns, agricultural productivity, access to amenities and services, social organization and environmental perception. Both settlements have strengths and deficiencies and the latter beg serious attention. In this respect, several policy statements and recommendations are made in order that the lives of people in the rural areas of KwaZulu are improved. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Durban-Westville, 1987.

No description available.

Diss. Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2006.