Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:36:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2286.pdf: 2104512 bytes, checksum: db97628de5ef675bf46acdc02d6363f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-23 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / In this work it was evaluated the performance of an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer with axial viewed configuration for determining iodine in seafood and table salts. The emission lines of iodine were evaluated based on parameters such as signalto-background ratio (SBR), background equivalent concentration (BEC) and limit of detection (LOD). Interference effects caused by Na+, K+, and P in the emission signals of iodine and the occurrence of memory effects in nitric acid and in water-soluble tertiaryamines (CFA-C) media were also evaluated. Factorial design 2³ + Central Point + Star, was applied for evaluating the operational conditions of the ICP OES with axial configuration and also for an other equipment with radial configuration both applied for iodine determination. An optimum instrument operational condition was established for axial configuration and two optimum conditions for radial configuration. The axial configuration was five fold more sensitive than the radial configuration. The applicability of ICP OES with axial configuration for iodine determination was investigated. Both matrix matching and standard additions method were used for iodine quantification. For most samples, it was obtained a good agreement between both methods. Recoveries at 104 to 114 % range were reached even for samples that did not show values in agreement when applying matrix matching or the standard additions method. Iodine determination in seafood using ICP OES with axial configuration was also investigated. Sample preparation was based on alkaline extraction (CFA-C 10% v v-1 pH 8) with ultrasound bath for 3 h at a temperature of 80 ºC. Recoveries for oyster tissue (NIST 1566b) and non-fat milk powder (NIST 1549) certified reference materials were 113 and 102 %, respectively. / Neste trabalho avaliou-se um espectrômetro de emissão óptica com plasma acoplado indutivamente com configuração axial para a determinação de iodo em amostras de frutos do mar e sal de cozinha. As possíveis linhas de emissão de iodo foram avaliadas considerando-se parâmetros como razão sinal analítico / sinal de fundo (SBR), concentração equivalente ao sinal de fundo (BEC) e limite de detecção (LOD). As possíveis interferências dos cátions Na+ e K+ e de P nos sinais de emissão de iodo e a ocorrência de efeito de memória em meio de HNO3 e em solução de aminas terciárias solúveis em água (CFA-C) também foram estudados. Planejamento fatorial 23 + Ponto Central + Estrela foi realizado para a avaliação das condições operacionais do ICP OES com configuração axial e de outro equipamento com configuração radial na determinação de iodo, obtendo-se uma região ótima de trabalho para a configuração axial e duas condições ótimas para a configuração radial. A configuração axial mostrouse cinco vezes mais sensível do que a configuração radial. A possibilidade de utilização do ICP OES com configuração axial para determinação de iodo em sal de cozinha foi investigada. Empregou-se compatibilização de matriz e o método das adições de padrão para a quantificação de iodo. Para a maioria das amostras obteve-se boa concordância entre ambos as estratégias de quantificação. Recuperações na faixa de 104 a 114 % foram obtidas mesmo para amostras nas quais não houve concordância entre os resultados obtidos empregando quantificação por compatibilização de matriz ou o método das adições de padrão. A determinação de iodo em frutos do mar por ICP OES com configuração axial também foi investigada. Como estratégia para preparo de amostra, empregou-se extração alcalina (CFA-C 10% v v-1 pH 8) com banho de ultrassom durante 3 h a 80°C. As recuperações obtid as para os materiais de referência certificados tecido de ostra (NIST 1566b) e leite em pó desnatado (NIST 1549) foram de 113 e 102 %, respectivamente.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:36:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6207.pdf: 1470379 bytes, checksum: b540bf8d2f480bb5b0ade5578229c65a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-18 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / In this study were developed two methods for sample preparation: one for children s eye shadow and another for chidren s lipstick. In the optimizing process, variables such as nitric acid concentration (2 or 7 mol L-1), sample mass (100 or 250 mg), heating time (1 or 3 hours) and concentration of Triton X-100 (5 or 25%) were investigated. The instrumental parameters of ICP OES were optimized in order to find a good working condition for the analytes determination. In the beginning it was performed a fractional factorial design 29- 5 (nine variables) and, after variables selection, a fine adjustment using Central Composite and Doehlert designs was made to study the most important variables (radio frequency power and nebulizer gas flow rate). In order to evaluate the regression models proposed, responses like LOQ and recovery for each analyte and in each view mode (radial and axial) were taken into consideration using desirability function. From the generated models it was possible to find the compromise condition with radio frequency power of 1200 W and a nebulizer gas flow rate of 0.825 L min-1. The methods developed for the preparation of the samples were applied to 22 samples of children cosmetics (14 eye shadows and 8 lipsticks). The analytes were determined using ICP OES (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu and Ni) and GF AAS (Pb). The majority of the concentrations obtained were lower than the international normatives, but the Pb values ranged from <LOQ to 44 mg kg-1 in some samples. Exploratory analysis using the emission spectra from LIBS was performed and similarity among the samples was observed. / Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidos dois métodos de preparo de amostra, uma para amostras de sombra infantil para os olhos e outro para amostras de batom infantil. Na otimização desses métodos estudou-se variáveis como: concentração de ácido nítrico (2 ou 7 mol L-1), massa de amostra (100 ou 250 mg), tempo de aquecimento (1 ou 3 horas) e concentração de Triton X-100 (5 ou 25%). Os parâmetros instrumentais do ICP OES foram otimizados visando encontrar uma condição ótima de trabalho para os analitos nas amostras a serem analisadas. Foi realizado primeiramente um planejamento fatorial fracionário 29- 5 (nove variáveis) e posteriormente um ajuste fino das variáveis considerados mais importantes (potência de radiofrequência e vazão do gás de nebulização). Para o ajuste fino do ICP OES foi realizado um planejamento Composto Central e um Doehlert. Após a realização dos experimentos gerou-se modelos com as respostas de LOQ e de recuperação para cada analito e para cada modo de visão (radial e axial). A partir dos modelos gerados foi possível chegar à condição de compromisso de uma potência de radiofrequência de 1200 W e uma vazão do gás de nebulização de 0,825 L min-1. Para o tratamento dos dados obtidos em todos os processos de otimização deste trabalho foi utilizada a função de desejabilidade como ferramenta quimiométrica. Os métodos desenvolvidos para o preparo das amostras foram aplicados para 22 amostras de cosméticos infantis (14 sombras e 8 batons). Os analitos foram determinados em ICP OES (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu e Ni) e GF AAS (Pb). Para a maioria dos casos as concentrações obtidas foram inferiores àquelas das normativas, porém para o Pb os valores variaram de <LOQ até 44 mg kg-1 em algumas amostras. Análise exploratória utilizando espectros de emissão do LIBS mostrou uma similaridade entre as amostras.

FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A cera de carnaÃba consiste em um importante produto econÃmico e sua produÃÃo vem ao longo dos anos sofrendo com a escassez de trabalhos cientÃficos que auxiliem no entendimento das diferenÃas quÃmicas existentes entre os tipos de cera. Deste modo, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo propor uma caracterizaÃÃo dos diferentes tipos de cera de carnaÃba (Tipo 1, Tipo 3 e Tipo 4) quanto à sua composiÃÃo quÃmica, em especial em relaÃÃo aos constituintes inorgÃnicos. As amostras de cera foram avaliadas quanto à composiÃÃo orgÃnica por FT-IR, TG e CG-MS. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as ceras dos Tipos 1, 3 e 4 possuem pequenas diferenÃas sÃo quanto a sua composiÃÃo orgÃnica fator que pode ser responsÃvel pela diferenÃa de coloraÃÃo entre os materiais, apresentando em sua composiÃÃo basicamente parafinas, Ãlcoois de cadeia longa e Ãsteres de Ãcidos graxos. Para avaliaÃÃo dos inorgÃnicos, uma etapa de otimizaÃÃo das condiÃÃes de preparo de amostra por via Ãmida assistida por micro-ondas foi implementada. Os digeridos apresentaram teores de carbono residual inferior a 5%, sendo feita a quantificaÃÃo dos elementos por ICP OES. Os teores mÃdios para os elementos investigados nas amostras de cera do Tipo 1 foram: K (22,3 mg Kg-1), Al (20,5 mg Kg-1), Fe (11,5 mg Kg-1), Mg (4,0 mg Kg-1), Na (3,5 mg Kg-1), Pb (2,2 mg Kg-1), Ca (1,2 mg Kg-1 ), Cu (0,5 mg Kg-1), Mn (0,4 mg Kg-1), Zn (0,2 mg Kg-1) e Co (0,2 mg Kg-1). Os teores observados para Ni (67,2 mg Kg-1 ) se mostraram elevados nas amostras de trÃs industrias, elevando o valor mÃdio do elemento. Para as amostras de cera de carnaÃba do Tipo 3, os valores mÃdios das concentraÃÃes dos elementos foram: Al (122,0 mg Kg-1), K (112,1 mg Kg-1), Ca (103,9 mg Kg-1), Fe (93,4 mg Kg-1), Mg (67,1 mg Kg-1), Na (39,6 mg Kg-1), Mn (9,6 mg Kg-1 ), Pb (1,7 mg Kg-1), Zn (0,6 mg Kg-1), Ni (0,3 mg Kg-1), Cu (0,2 mg Kg-1) e Co (0,1 mg Kg-1). Por fim, para as amostras de cera do Tipo 4, os valores mÃdios de concentraÃÃo observados foram: K (185,3 mg Kg-1), Ca (116,8 mg Kg-1), Al, (97,6 mg Kg-1), Fe (84,5 mg Kg-1 ), Mg (76,9 mg Kg-1), Na (37,6 mg Kg-1), Mn (8,7 mg Kg-1), Pb (2,3 mg Kg-1), Zn (0,7 mg Kg-1), Cu (0,2 mg Kg-1) e Co (0,1 mg Kg-1 ). Os dados foram tratados utilizando o software de Quimiometria The Unscrambler 7.1 e X10.3. AnÃlise de Componentes Principais mostrou que as ceras podem ser classificadas e distinguidas em funÃÃo dos teores das espÃcies avaliadas. Nesse contexto as ceras Tipo 4 apresentaram os maiores teores de inorgÃnicos, seguido das ceras do Tipo 3 e por fim das ceras do Tipo 1. Novas amostras de cera foram adquiridas com o intuito de desenvolver um modelo de calibraÃÃo multivariada (NIR/PLS) para previsÃo de Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn e Na nas amostras de cera. Os espectros foram prÃ-processados aplicando 1 derivada ao conjunto de dados espectrais e em seguida foram obtidos os modelos utilizando PLS-1. As amostras de cera foram divididas em dois conjuntos de dados: um para calibraÃÃo e o outro para validaÃÃo. Os modelos obtidos se mostraram promissores para a previsÃo do teor de elementos como Al, Fe e Cu nas amostras de cera de carnaÃba. Por fim, os resultados obtidos neste trabalho podem ser utilizados como parÃmetros de classificaÃÃo das amostras de cera, bem como podem ser utilizados como aporte para a elaboraÃÃo de normas para classificaÃÃo dos teores de qualidade das ceras de carnaÃba produzidas pelas indÃstrias refinadoras. / Carnauba wax is an important economic product and its industrial production has over the years suffering from the scarcity of scientific studies to aid in the understanding of the chemical differences between different types of wax. The aim of this work was characterize the different types of carnauba waxes (Type 1, Type 3 and Type 4) in relation to the chemical composition. The organic matrix of the samples were investigated by Infrared Spectroscopy (MID and NIR), Thermal Analysis and Gas Chromatography (CGMS). The results showed that the three types of waxes are very similar in its organic composition, presenting in its composition mainly paraffin, alcohols and esters of long chain fatty acids. To evaluate inorganic content, an optimization of the conditions of the sample preparation by microwave assisted wet digestion implemented. The digests showed residual carbon content less than 5%. The analysis was performed by ICP-OES. The elements data set was processed using the software The Unscrambler 7.1 and X10.3. The mean values for the elements in the samples investigated wax Type 1 levels were: K (22.3 mg kg -1), Al (20.5 mg kg-1), Fe (11.5 mg kg-1), Mg (4.0 mg kg-1), Na (3.5 mg kg-1), Pb (2.2 mg kg-1), Ca (1.2 mg kg-1), Cu (0.5 mg kg-1), Mn (0.4 mg kg-1) , Zn (0.2 mg kg-1) and Co (0.2 mg kg-1). The levels observed for Ni (67.2 mg kg-1) were higher in samples from three industries, raising the average value of the element. For samples carnauba wax Type 3, the mean concentrations of elements were: Al(122.0 mg kg-1), K(112.1 mg kg-1), Ca (103.9 mg kg- 1), Fe(93.4 mg kg-1), Mg(67.1 mg kg-1), Na(39.6 mg kg-1), Mn(9.6 mg kg-1), Pb(1 7 mg kg-1), Zn (0.6 mg kg-1), Ni (0.3 mg kg-1), Cu (0.2 mg kg-1) and Co (0.1 mg kg-1). Finally, the samples with wax to Type 4, the mean concentration values were observed : K (185.3 mg kg-1), Ca (116.8 mg kg-1), Al (97.6 mg kg-1), Fe (84.5 mg kg-1) mg (76.9 mg kg-1), Na (37.6 mg kg-1), Mn (8.7 mg kg-1), Pb (2.3 mg kg-1), Zn (0.7 mg kg -1), Cu (0.2 mg kg-1) and Co (0.1 mg kg-1). Principal Component Analysis showed that the three types of waxes could be distinguished based on the levels of inorganic elements. In this view point waxes Type 4 showed the highest inorganic levels than the waxes Type 3 and Type 1. New wax samples were acquired with a view to developing a model of multivariate calibration (NIR / PLS) for prediction of Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn and Na in wax samples. The spectra were preprocessed applying first derivative and then the models PLS-1 were obtained. The spectra data set were divided into two groups: one for the calibration and the other for validation. The models obtained were promising for predicting the content of elements such as Al, Fe and Cu in samples of wax. Finally, the results obtained in this work can be used as parameter for sample classification and as well as used for the development of standards rules for quality assurance of the carnauba waxes produced by refining industrial processes.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T21:58:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_10205_Dissertac a o Maiara.pdf: 5726319 bytes, checksum: 80cc3169a16e59a7f4c7aca021c6097e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-29 / A composição da água de produção da indústria de petróleo é variada e depende das características e profundidade do campo produtor. Dentre os constituintes, estão alguns íons paramagnéticos como: Co, Cr, Cu, Fe em pequenas concentrações. Os íons paramagnéticos interagem fortemente com o solvente, provocando reduções apreciáveis nos tempos de relaxação transversal (T2). Nesse trabalho aplicou-se a ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN) no domínio do tempo, com o auxilio da espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP OES) para estimar a concentração dos íons paramagnéticos Co2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Mn2+ e Ni2+ em solução aquosa e em águas produzidas de petróleo. Os resultados para o meio aquoso mostraram que a técnica de RMN de baixo campo possibilita uma boa correlação com a técnica de ICP OES, dando uma correlação linear entre a taxa de relaxação transversal (T2-1) e a intensidade de emissão para a faixa de concentração de 0,5 a 10 mg.L-1, assim sugere-se que a taxa de relaxação transversal pode ser usada como uma sonda de emissão óptica, o que possui vantagens como redução de custo, maior rapidez das análises e não destrutividade das amostras. Já a análise de águas produzidas levou a redução nos valores de T2 que variou entre 1,09 a 0,14 s. Foram determinadas as concentrações dos íons por ICP OES e observou a existência de uma correlação com a concentração e T2, porém não foi possível estimar a concentração destes íons nas águas. A partir do estudo de T2 das águas produzidas foi correlacionado com algumas características físico-químicas como: a salinidade, condutividade e pH. Foram obtidas correlações razoáveis de T2 com a salinidade e o logaritmo natural de T2 com o pH

Submitted by Marcele Costal de Castro (costalcastro@gmail.com) on 2017-10-11T15:39:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ELIZABETH MASSENA FERREIRA D.PDF: 2256671 bytes, checksum: 0c292929bbb0f709ecda077644b77851 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-11T15:39:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ELIZABETH MASSENA FERREIRA D.PDF: 2256671 bytes, checksum: 0c292929bbb0f709ecda077644b77851 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-02 / Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sistemático da sorção de índio de meio iodeto, utilizando espuma de poliuretano à base de poliéter comercial como extrator em fase sólida, visando à pré-concentração e/ou separação de índio de diferentes matrizes de amostras. As características físico-químicas de sorção do sistema foram investigadas por processo em batelada, apresentando rápida cinética e máxima sorção numa faixa significativa de meio ácido ou básico, com coeficientes de distribuição acima de 104 L kg-1 ([KI] ≥ 0,6 mol L-1). A análise do equilíbrio de sorção indicou o tetraiodo-indato (MInI4) como a principal espécie sorvida na matriz da espuma; os mecanismos de sorção mais prováveis foram discutidos. A isoterma de Langmuir foi ajustada com êxito sendo obtido um valor de (1,55±0,02)x10-1 mol kg-1 para a capacidade de saturação. O efeito da temperatura foi avaliado indicando um processo espontâneo e exotérmico caracterizado por sorção química. A reextração do índio da espuma com solução de HCl 1,0 mol L-1 em meio etanol 50% apresentou rápida cinética (10 minutos) e eficiência (97%). O sistema pode ser utilizado para a separação de traços de índio de grandes quantidades de Al, Fe, Zn, Ni, Co, Mn e Ga. Cd e Pb são co-extraídos. Ácido cítrico, F- e EDTA interferem na sorção do índio; tiosulfato de sódio (< 0,1 mol L-1) e ácido ascórbico (até 0,8 mol L-1) não interferem. O sistema foi avaliado na determinação de In na presença de 105 vezes Zn, Al, Fe pelo método de adição e recuperação de índio. Os elementos determinados por ICP-OES apresentaram fatores de separação, da ordem de 7,0x 102 para Zn/In, 1,0x105 para Fe/In e de 5,5x104 para Al/In, com eficiente recuperação de índio. A metodologia desenvolvida foi aplicada para determinar índio por ICP-OES em material de referência padrão de zinco metálico (NIST), apresentando concordância compatível com o valor certificado, para um nível de confiança de 95%. / This work shows a systematic study on indium iodide sorption using commercial polyether-based polyurethane foam as a solid phase extractor in order to preconcentrate and/ or separate indium from different sample matrices. The physico-chemical characteristics of the system sorption were investigated for the batch process. The system has shown rapid kinetic and maximum sorption from a meaningful range of either acid or basic medium and achieves distribution ratios above 104 L kg-1 ([KI] ≥ 0.6 mol L-1). Sorption equilibrium analysis indicates the tetraiodo-indate (MInI4) as the main species sorbed on the foam matrix; the more probable mechanisms of sorption were discussed. Langmuir isotherm was successfully fitted and a value of (1.55±0.02)x10-1 mol kg-1 was obtained for the saturation capacity. The temperature effect was evaluated and indicates a spontaneous and exothermic chemisorption process favored at low temperatures. The indium reextraction from the foam using a HCl 0.1 mol L-1 in ethanol 50% medium solution has also shown a rapid kinetic (10 minutes) and efficiency (97%). The system should be used to separate large quantities of Al, Fe, Zn, Ni, Co, Mn and Ga from trace indium. Cd and Pb are coextracted with indium. Citric acid, F- and EDTA interfere on indium sorption; sodium thiosulfate (≤ 0.1 mol L-1) and ascorbic acid (up to 0.1 mol L-1) do not interfere. The system was evaluated in the determination of indium in the presence of 105 times Zn, Al and Fe by indium addition and recovery technique. The elements determination by ICP-OES showed separation factors around 7.0x102 for Zn/In, 1.0X105 for Fe/In and of 5.5x104 for Al/In, with an efficient recovery of indium. The developed methodology was applied to determine indium in metallic zinc standard reference material (NIST) by ICP-OES and has shown compatible agreement with the certified value at a 95% confidence level.

Graphite and graphitic materials underpin a number of modern technologies such as electrodes for energy storage and conversion systems. Due to their aromatic honeycomb-type lattice and layered structure, these carbons host a rich variety of foreign elements in their interstices. Whether possessing a tubular morphology - that enables the encapsulation of inorganic compounds, or a planar texture - where anions and molecules can intercalate, the chemical analysis of graphite and graphitic materials is often confronted with the need to disintegrate the carbon matrix to quantify target elements, most often metals. However, the resilience of the sp2-hybridized carbon lattice to chemical attacks is an obstacle to its facile solubilization, a necessary step to perform some of the most common elemental analysis measurements. Over the years, a range of alternative approaches have sprung out to address this issue such as the combustion of the carbon matrix followed by the acid dissolution of its ash product. Unfortunately, none of these represents a viable method that can be applied to batteries, in great part because of the different components that make up the carbon-based electrodes. In this dissertation, a new protocol has been developed to digest graphitic materials aiming to access their elemental composition in bulk scale. The approach is based on the use of molten alkaline salts to promote the oxidation of the carbon lattice and leach out metals into a dilute acid solution. As a model sample, given the existence of standards with a matching matrix, single-walled carbon nanotubes were examined. After being subjected to the alkaline oxidation (a.k.a. fusion), they were solubilized and analyzed with Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy, a widely popular tool for elemental analysis of metals. Structural analysis ensued to understand the interaction of the molten salts with the nanotubes. After evaluating the applicability of the protocol to other carbons, a more complex system was investigated, namely the carbon-based anode of an intercalation-type potassium ion battery. In this process, a direct way to quantify the mass of the alkali metal was discovered, one which makes use of complementary chemical and structural analytical tools.

Marking methods represent often an essential part of many studies which target on insect biology. These marking techniques sometimes represent the only possible way to obtain new and important informations. In the first part of the thesis I deal with individual insect labeling, which was used for marking of solitary bees and their nests as a tool of obtaining informations about nesting bee dynamics in aggregation. Our study show that nest owner replacements are very common in all four species. However, a large percentage of the nests were abandoned by the female owners before owner change. Only a part of all the nests were trully usurped on the nesting site. The true usurpations thus represent rather minor part of observed nest owner replacement situations. The bees surprisingly often abandon their nests and found the new ones. The frequent contacts of the females on a nesting site occur as a result of common nest owner replacements. High tolerance of bees to each other together with tolerance of usurpations and low level of aggression may thus represent one of the possible ways towards communality and other types of social behaviour. In the second part of the thesis I focus on the possibilities of food marking in bees. Effectivity of sugar and pollen utilization are not yet fully understood in...

This thesis is focused on determination of microelements (Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb a Zn) in milk by optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES) after extraction by Diffusion Gradients in Thin films technique (DGT) containing Chelex 100 resin gel and agarose diffusion gel. The optimalization of DGT in model metal solutions was verified by recommended basic tests. The performance of the DGT technique in the diluted milk matrix was verified. By DGT technique was determined only Zn in real milk matrix with concentration 3,74 ± 0,02 mg/l. The other microelements in the prepared eluate were at or below the limit of detection of the instrumental method. The obtained results were compared with the analysis of milk after microwave digestion by ICP-OES. However, these results were below the detection limit of the device too, only Zn with concentration 3,91 ± 0,16 mg/l was measured. For the future analysis of the selected microelements in milk by DGT technique, further optimization of the preconcentration technique is required, or use of a more sensitive instrumental method.

This master’s thesis deals with the issue of the release of tin in canned fruit of used packaging. The theoretical part of the thesis is described canning fruit as raw material, its composition, methods of preservation, basic technological operations fruit processing, manufacture of compote, manufacture of metal packaging, marches corrosive metal packaging, chemical behavior of tin in foods and toxicity, methods for the determination of tin in foods with a focus on optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. I the experimental part of the thesis was first ICP-OES optimized before to analysis of the 20 different samples compote purchased in chain stores. Tin concentration was determined by a fixed proportion compote. Measured concentration of tin were compared with the maximum permissible value in canned foods, which is allowed by European legislation. The tin content in all analyzed compote did not exceed the legislative limit of 200 mg/kg. The highest concentration of tin has been measured in sample conserved apricots namely 88,6 ± 2,8 mg/kg.

This Master's thesis is dealing with elementary analysis of milk. Theoretical part describes general characteristics, terminology with basic legislature and classification of milk. Large part is focused on chemical composition, especially on description of mineral substances selected for analysis in experimental part of this thesis. Choices of elementary analysis and preparation of samples for ICP-OES method conducted by other authors are also mentioned. Specification of emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma is crucial, a technique used for purposes of this dissertation. Experimental part deals with preparation of samples, approach of analysis and processing of measured results. The aim of this part is to compare concentration of analyzed elements in different kinds of milk. Samples from 15 different kinds of milk were used for analysis, which were determined by ICP-OES method. Results were compared to each other in discussion as well as with results from other authors.