Art can be an elusive concept. Neither an outsider nor a professional artist is immune to abstractions in the attempt to describe it. Every individual must necessarily come from their own, unique perspective. The obstacles that we experience in defining the essence of art can be better understood if we see them as a gauge for our historical period. Given the limits of our contemporary conditions, it seems impossible that we may ever overcome the vast chasms that imprison us. We are discouraged to build bridges, at almost every turn, by the suggestive hopelessness of the abysmal distances between us. The series of work that I have developed for this thesis is a reflection on limitations. Whether we find them in the creative process or within the simple contemplations of our life experiences, thinking on our limits can lead us to a heightened cognition where we may find a lofty expression of human freedom. If art is to have a proper role in human culture, human individuals must begin to solve the problems of our limitations through the freedom that cognition affords us. We can begin by thinking imaginatively. Although difficult, it is quite possible to imagine reality. Beyond the mere production of beautiful objects, art is the very current that warms human beings to the reality that surrounds us. Artists can become involved by attempting to immerse their life in a new light of knowledge. With this sentiment, inspiration can begin offering us flight towards unreachable heights. The path that leads us, then, to an authentic concept of art will also take us into the world of another just as elusive: spirit.

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<p>Norman Mailer announced in Advertisements For Myself (1959) that he wished to revolutionize the consciousness of our time. With this as his goal he developed an aesthetics which views both life and art as a process of growth toward a full humanity and away from post-World War II American (and universal) tendencies to stifle human r,rowth through a technological totalitarianism.</p> <p>Mailer envisions the creation of life as a function of a divine power and the destruction of life as that of a satanic power who war with each other for possession of the universe. We do not know for whom we do battle, but our intuitions of good and evil are to be trusted.</p> <p>Growth for Mailer takes the form of a line of movement made by confronting and defeating opponents of a full humanity; he terms such engagements whose outcome is unknown and therefore dangerous to the self "existential". His life and his art make up a dramatic and progressive dialectic. There are three books which I believe contain Mailer's most effective expressions of his aesthetics and which have the greatest potential for revolutionizing the consciousness of our time. Each is the culmination of a phase in Mailer's growth which contains in itself the unified strands of that growth.</p> <p>The first phase includes the early success of The Naked and the Dead, the subsequent popular and critical failures of Barbary Shore and The Deer Park, the slou~hln[. off of old models, political and artistic, the creation of a radical creed in "The \'lhi te Negro" and a radical form in Advertisements For Myself. The latter is the culmination of this phase and is analyzed in detail. By the time of Advertisements Mailer has made himself the chief metaphor for his concept of erowth, thus synthesizing theme and method. The second phase enlarges the meaning of Mailer's existentialism, most particularly by his venturing deeply into the current political and social realm, and culminates in a new synthesis of growth in fictional theme and form in An American Dream (1965). The novel's protagonist, Stephen Rojack, defeated by a powerful satanic agent and by his own weakness, proves unequal to the task Mailer sets for the American hero: to unite the real- and the dream-life of the nation in himself and to lead a united nation to human wholeness which embraces all contradictions.</p> <p>The central occupation of the third phase of Mailer's work, therefore, is to develop himself--in the absence of other suitable candidates--into a representative American hero. His experimentation with various media for communication--drama, film, television, and others--ls a search for effective vehicles for his vision and is preparation for his assumption of the heroic role. Mailer's involvement with the central issues confronting the United States is rendered in a considerable experiment in novelistic form, Why Are We in Vietnam? The culmination of his efforts in this phase is the culmination of his work to date as well: The Armies of the Night (1968). Relating the experiences of a character called "Mailer", Mailer as narrator and novelist-historian not only creates himself as a representative comic American hero but invents a form which carries a total vision of the events of the 1967 March on the Pentagon, uniting traditional methods and aims of history, the novel, and journalism. With this boolc Mailer assumes the role of interpretor for our time, immersin~ himself in important contemnorary events in order to present us with his views of their meaning and significance.</p> <p>Mailer's three books following The Armies of the Night are discussed in a final chapter as similar to but lesser efforts than Armies.</p> <p>In this thesis Mailer's work is placed in two specific contexts which provide a basis for suggesting his significance: that of American literature, with emphasis upon his contribution to the literature of the American Dream and upon his indebtedness to Hemingway in particular and twentieth-century novelists in f,eneral; and that of contemporary thought which also seeks to influence the direction of future human life.</p> <p>Because his aesthetics of growth sees human progress as its art, Mailer's nonlitrerary roles are considered a vital part of his total work and consequently the critical standards applied in this thesis are Mailer's own: how well does each work register growth on Mailer's part and how potentially effective is the work in revolutionizing the consciousness of our time?</p> <p>Mailer scholarship is still in infancy. The contribution of this thesis to that scholarship lies in its approacth to Mailer's work as a progressive whole and its delineation of that progress; its critical approach whlch confronts Mailer on his own terms; its extensive treatment of works other than novels; the broad contexts which suggest the significance of Mailer's work; and the comprehensive bibliography, the most complete yet assembled on Mailer.</p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Inledning: Felrekrytering med stora omkostnader är vanligt förekommande, vilket gör rekrytering av rätt medarbetare viktigt. Utifrån matchande av identiteten mellan arbetssökande och arbetsplats så kan retentionen i organisationer med hög personalomsättning öka, och identitetsfaktorn kan vara en viktig aspekt att ha med i utvärderingar. Problemformulering: Hur ser rekryterare på identitetsmatchning? Syfte: Studien undersöker vilken betydelse identitetsmatchning har i rekryteringssammanhang. Metod: Metoden vald för att besvara problemformuleringen var kvalitativ, med användandet av ett abduktivt angreppssätt och utförandet av fem semi-strukturerade djupintervjuer. Slutsats: Identitetsmatchning har väsentligt betydelse under rekryteringssammanhang, dock inte lika framstående mellan arbetssökande och den övergripande organisationen som mellan arbetssökande och arbetsgrupp.

Spinoza insiste sur la nécessité, pour comprendre son Ethica, d'opérer une distinction entre image, mot et idée. Dans le but de comprendre cette distinction nous avons esquissé les deux premiers genres de connaissance. Nous avons ensuite analysé précisément la définition de la Science intuitive, ainsi que les propositions qui posent sa possibilité et son existence en tenant compte de cette distinction. Nous avons posé plusieurs hypothèses permettant d'expliquer certaines des caractéristiques de la Science intuitive qui semblent contradictoires - son caractère à la fois déductif et intuitif, l'expression de l'infini dans le fini.

Sponsoring is recognized as a multifaceted strategic decision, intertwined with the level of advertising spending. It is an approach to gain competitive advantage through increasing brand awareness and sales. In Sweden there is an increasing amount of money from organizations that is directed to sponsoring. Investment in sponsorship/corporate collaborations has increased within the past 10 years. In 2022 the investments exceeded SEK 9 billion, which implies a new record in Sweden. Companies place a larger emphasis on sustainability following the introduction of the UN agenda 2030. The focus on sustainability in sponsorships has likewise risen and is a commonly used strategy to enhance their perceived corporate social responsibility and reputation. Despite all positive outcomes of sponsoring, there has been criticism against sponsorship which indicates that decisions are unfounded and that they don’t follow a formalized sponsorship decisionmaking process. Further, previous research has predominantly focused on consumer perception, rather on the managerial perspective. Therefore, this study aims to examine how managers in perceived sustainable companies make sponsorship decisions. By looking into their selection criteria for sponsorship partner, their methods for evaluating and assessing various options, and the additional factors that managers may consider, the study aims to a more strategic approach of how to make sponsorship decisions. The study was conducted through qualitative interviews with sponsorship managers in companies that are ranked in the top 150 on sustainable brand index. These companies belong to the industries electricity, food, grocery store and insurance. The findings identify two different decision-making processes depending on what direction in sponsorship they refer to, namely grassroots sponsorship and large-scale sponsorship. We found that policies &amp; criteria, congruence and relationships are variables that both decision-making processes consider when making their decisions. Complementary in large-scale sponsorship, risk and outcome assessment is also considered. The findings also portrayed that in the decision-making process, considering congruence and choosing a company should preferably be in a geographic area close to the consumers and employees. The study also concludes that grassroots sponsorship and large-scale sponsorship in local areas is preferable to focus on since it leads to increased perceived sustainability among consumers.

Notre problème de recherche a été formulé à la suite d'une interrogation portant sur la persistance des représentations spontanées relativement à des phénomènes naturels dans le raisonnement d'individus qui, par ailleurs, avaient atteint un développement cognitif équivalent au niveau formel, tel que défini dans le cadre de la théorie de Piaget. Ainsi, nous avons pu redéfinir l'apprentissage des sciences en tant que changement conceptuel impliquant la transformation de la structure conceptuelle de l'individu, plutôt que l'acquisition pure et simple de nouveaux concepts. Ce changement conceptuel suppose toutefois que des changements interviennent dans les postulats épistémologiques qui supportent cette structure conceptuelle. En a-t-il été ainsi chez les enseignants de science, notamment en ce qui a trait à leurs conception des théories atomiques? Aux fins d'une éventuelle analyse des discours des enseignants, nous avons, suite à un aperçu historique du développement des théories atomiques depuis les grecs jusqu'à l'époque moderne, élaboré une grille qui précise les diverses conceptions des doctrines atomiques qui se sont succédé (l'atomisme naïf, l'atomisme empiriste, l'atomisme classique et l'atomisme moderne). Ces conceptions correspondent à autant de paradigmes au sens kuhnien du terme et sont marquées par des ruptures épistémologiques. Lors d'une étude concrète au cours de laquelle nous avons interrogé dix-huit enseignants de sciences du secondaire et du collégial, nous avons pu, suite à une analyse de leurs discours, dégager trois grandes conclusions. La première est relative à la variabilité des représentations dans leurs discours. En effet, on ne peut interpréter ceux-ci comme étant caractérisés par une seule représentation de l’"atome". Un même enseignant pourra être "naïf" dans le thème de la "matérialité" et se référer au rationalisme classique dans le thème de l’"existentialisme" atomique, ou l'inverse. La seconde conclusion qui s'impose concerne l'absence d'une représentation discontinuiste du développement des théories atomiques. Enfin, la troisième porte sur l'absence quasi totale de représentations de la théorie atomique voisine de l'atomisme moderne. / Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2016