Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-05-20T12:21:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 469008 - Texto Completo.pdf: 4229036 bytes, checksum: d331b75d3dd0ee53fcc0db664fcea5f4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-20T12:21:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 469008 - Texto Completo.pdf: 4229036 bytes, checksum: d331b75d3dd0ee53fcc0db664fcea5f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-11 / Background : The phenomenon of aging can affect muscle mass, muscle strength and functional independence. The decline of musculoskeletal tissue interferes significantly with the functional capacity of the elderly. However, the practice of regular resistance training can prevent and / or minimize these derived functional declines of aging. Objective : to verify the association among anthropometric variables and muscle thickness, functional independence and muscle strength in older adults who practice resistance training and those still physically active, but without practicing resistance training (RT). Method : Sectional study with a comparison group, observational and not probabilistic. The sample consisted of 114 elderly divided into two groups: resistance training group (RTG): 43 elderly individuals practicing RT; physically active group (GFA): 71 elderly considered physically active. The variables were collected: sociodemographic, anthropometric, functional independence and functionality. The instruments used were inelastic tape measure, caliper, ultrasound, test and sit-ups, dynamometer strength, TUG test. The sample was adjusted for sex, age, income and education. Results : Significant differences were found with regard to sex, marital status, income and education between investigated groups (p <0.001). No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding the anthropometric variables (p> 0.05) and muscle thickness (p> 0.05). However, the GTR elderly group had a lower average travel time on the tug test (6.24 ? 0.86 seconds) compared to the GFA which averaged 11.24 ? 4.26 seconds (p = 0.035). Conclusions : TR group elderly had significantly better performance in the TUG test, which is related to less risk of falls and fractures the elderly. / Introdu??o : O processo de envelhecimento pode afetar a massa e for?a muscular e independ?ncia funcional. O decl?nio do tecido musculoesquel?tico interfere significativamente na capacidade funcional dos idosos. Por?m, a pr?tica regular de treinamento resistido pode evitar e/ou minimizar estes decl?nios funcionais oriundos do processo de envelhecimento. Objetivo : verificar a associa??o entre vari?veis antropom?tricas, de espessura de massa muscular e gordura, independ?ncia funcional e for?a muscular em idosos que praticam treinamento resistido (TR) e idosos considerados fisicamente ativos, por?m sem praticar o treinamento resistido. M?todos : Estudo transversal com grupo de compara??o, observacional e n?o probabil?stico. A amostra foi composta por 114 idosos divididos em dois grupos: grupo TR (GTR): 43 idosos praticantes de TR; grupo fisicamente ativo (GFA): 71 idosos considerados fisicamente ativos. As vari?veis coletadas foram: sociodemogr?ficas, antropom?tricas e funcionalidade. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: fita m?trica inel?stica, adip?metro, ec?grafo, teste do senta e levanta, dinam?metro de for?a, AVD, TUG test. A amostra foi ajustada para sexo, idade, renda e escolaridade. Resultados : Encontrou-se diferen?as significativas em rela??o ao sexo, estado civil, renda e escolaridade entre os grupos investigados (p<0,001). N?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas entre os grupos em rela??o ?s vari?veis antropom?tricas (p>0,05) e espessuras musculares (p>0,05). Contudo, idosos do grupo GTR apresentaram uma m?dia menor de tempo de deslocamento no TUG test (6,24?0,86 segundos) em rela??o ao GFA que apresentou uma m?dia de 11,24?4,26 segundos (p= 0,035). Conclus?o : idosos que praticam o TR apresentaram significativamente melhor desempenho no TUG test, que est? relacionado com menor risco de quedas e fraturas em idosos.

Modern product development is a highly complex process characterized by a pronounced interdisciplinary cooperation. Interdisciplinary cooperation accompanied with firm strategic and integrating concep ts leads to innovation potentials in context of cooperative product engineering. The phrase "Mechatronics" represents exactly these novel methodological concepts in the developing process of innova tive products with highly innovative functionality and structure. The concept Mechatronics has been exemplary proven successfully in high-tech sectors. A glance at the automobile or high speed train technology gives an impressive and pursuing figure of the far reach ing Mechatronics philosophy. SME in general have not enough research and development resources to their disposal in order to comply with the ever increasing market demands. Ways out of this dilemma are strategic alliances on one hand and the education of young "Mechatronicans" at universities on the other hand. ISOM 2002 aims to contribute by inviting SME representatives and students from universities and supplementary instit utions in Saxony. The key words of Mechatronics are sensors and actuators, integrated control strategies, modeling and simulation, effective design, safety and reliability. The symposium focuses on state-of-the-art in Mechatronics, especially regarding to controlled high precision systems and particularly to novel electromechanical driving systems. It will point toward future research directions in these subjects. ISOM 2002 is intended as a forum for those engineers and researchers from universities and industry in and outside Europe who actively participate in the young field of Mechatronics and uphold the old spirit of exchanging theoretical and practical results within the scientific community. / Die moderne industrielle Produktentwicklung ist ein hochkomplexer Prozess, der gekennzeichnet ist durch eine stark ausgeprägte interdisziplinäre Arbeit. Diese Interdisziplinarität gepaart mit fundiert en Strategie- und Integrationskonzepten führt zu erheblichen Innovationspotentialen im kooperativen Produkt-Engineering. Das Kunstwort Mechatronik steht genau für dieses neuartige methodologische Konz ept im Entwicklungsprozess innovativer Produkte mit einem hohen Integrationsgrad von Funktionalität und Struktur. Die Industrie hat in vielen High-Tech-Bereichen das Konzept Mechatronik beispielhaft realisiert. Ein Blick auf die Automobil- und Hochgeschwindigkeitszugtechnik zeigt in eindrucksvoller Weise die Tr agfähigkeit der Mechatronik-Philosophie. KMU verfügen oft nicht über das erforderliche FuE-Personal und die entsprechenden materiellen Ressourcen, um das enorme Entwicklungstempo mitzugehen. Wege zur Überwindung dieser Defizite sind strategi sche Allianzen und eine gezielte Ausbildung von Mechatronikern an Hoch- und Fachschulen. Auch hierzu soll das Symposium einen Beitrag leisten, indem insbesondere Vertreter von KMU und Studenten der ga stgebenden Universität sowie anderer Hochschuleinrichtungen Sachsens eingeladen wurden. Zu den Schlüsselworten in der Mechatronik gehören Sensoren und Aktoren, integrierte Steuerstrategien, Modellierung und Simulation, effektiver Entwurf, Sicherheit und Zuverlässigkeit. Der derzeitige Sta nd der Mechatronikforschung, vor allem mit Blick auf hochgenaue, gesteuerte mechatronische Systeme und insbesondere neuartige integrierte elektromechanische Antriebssysteme, soll im Mittelpunkt dieses Symposiums stehen. Auch zukünftige Forschungsaufgaben für die Grundlagen- und anwendungsorientierte Forschung in den genannten Themenbereichen sollen aufgezeigt werden. Das Symposium versteht sich als Treffpunkt für diejenigen Forscher und Entwickler, die in Europa an Hochschulen ebenso wie in der Industrie auf diesem Gebiet aktiv sind und sich auf einen Austausch th eoretischer, experimenteller und anwendungsspezifischer Erfahrungen, die bei der wissenschaftlichen Arbeit auf dem noch jungen Gebiet der Mechatronik erlangt wurden, freuen.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:34:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 424910.pdf: 8819126 bytes, checksum: 343a796019090b4026f34fd8be325684 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-03 / INTRODU??O: A popula??o mundial est? envelhecendo. No processo fisiol?gico do envelhecimento, a perda de massa (sarcopenia) e for?a muscular nos idosos ? respons?vel pela redu??o de mobilidade, aumento da incapacidade funcional e depend?ncia f?sica nesta popula??o. OBJETIVO: Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar os ganhos de for?a e massa muscular em idosos independentes em um protocolo de resist?ncia, utilizando cintas el?sticas (grupo 1) e pesos e caneleiras (grupo 2). PACIENTES E M?TODOS: Estudo experimental com delineamento longitudinal. A amostra do estudo foi constitu?da por 43 sujeitos. A aplica??o do protocolo foi executada na seguinte ordem: a) avalia??o inicial (medidas antropom?tricas, bioimped?ncia, caracter?sticas s?cio-demogr?ficas, h?bitos de vida, patologias, hereditariedade, medica??es, testes de for?a); b) per?odo de adapta??o neuromuscular; c) protocolos de resist?ncia visando ganho de for?a; d) avalia??o final. A amostra foi estratificada, randomicamente, em dois grupos: grupo 1 cintas el?sticas (n = 21) e grupo 2 halteres e caneleiras (n = 22). Adotou-se um n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. As associa??es entre as vari?veis categ?ricas e o grupo de pesquisa foram analisadas por meio do Teste de Quadrado ou Exato de Fisher. As vari?veis quantitativas na condi??o inicial ou basal foram comparadas por meio do Teste t de Student. A ANOVA com medidas repetidas foi utilizada para comparar os resultados dos protocolos de resist?ncia nos dois momentos da investiga??o (inicial e final) entre os dois grupos. RESULTADOS: Os dois grupos foram homog?neos com rela??o ?s vari?veis de interesse da pesquisa na condi??o basal. Houve diferen?as significativas (p<0,05) entre os dois momentos do ensaio para as seguintes vari?veis: di?metro da coxa, cintura, dobras cut?neas, percentagem de gordura, percentagem de massa livre de gordura corporal, peso massa livre de gordura corporal, peso massa de gordura corporal, ?gua corporal, teste de sentar e levantar e teste de for?a de bra?o. N?o foram observadas diferen?as entre os resultados dos dois protocolos de resist?ncia. 8 CONCLUS?O: Os exerc?cios de resist?ncia, realizados com cintas el?sticas e pesos tradicionais, mostram-se eficazes na recupera??o da perda de massa muscular e no aumento da for?a muscular em idosos independentes.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:53:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaESFS_DISSERT.pdf: 1543853 bytes, checksum: 6ecedac5804f98e8e3a7ea12041ea4f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-18 / The Federal Institution for Education, Science and Technology, in its historical path, has been living different changes. The transformations occurred along the way have been determined by coercive forces from the institutional environment, which has became more and more broad and complex throughout the time, obtaining diverse characteristics and new elements such as non institutional factors1 which started to contribute with the other changes. In this context, this work aims to study the isomorphic practices of the managers in the institutional changes process of the IFRN in 1998 and 2008, as of a theoretical coevolutionary perspective (CHILD; RODRIGUES; LEWIN; CARROL; VOLBERDA, 2003). This theory brings a new point of view for the organization analysis to the organizational studies, since it offers a non deterministic and non linear lection of the evolution process, which means, a coevolution. Thus, the organizations and their institutional and non institutional environment auto evolve, auto organize and auto reproduce. Therefore, the institutional and non institutional factors of the macro environment keep a continuous interdependence relationship with the organizations. For the means of this study, it is important to understand that is impossible to comprehend the object, the isomorphic practices, without considering that the previous institutional changes and its evolutions, its continuations and discontinuations, important in the coevolution process. As such, to call upon the institutional historical track is a fundamental aspect to materialize this study, for the recursive movement is indeed present in the coevolution. Another important point to make this research effective is that it is not possible to abdicate from the hologramatic view2 of this study, which considers the object, the isomorphic practices, part of the whole and this whole is also in the parts, therefore it is impossible to comprehend the object of study outside the context where it belongs. With this, as of the objective previously proposed, it is necessary to describe the characteristics of coevolution of the institutional changes related in 1998 and 2008; analyze the dynamic of the isomorphic mechanisms in its respective institutional change process; and describe the lessons learned which the isomorphic practices left to the IFRN, regarding its benefits and difficulties. All these transformations happened through coercive forces3 of the institutional environment. As of the Nineties, these forces became stronger, the environment became broader and more complex, with the emergency of new environmental factors. This study proposed to study the managing process and its practices, related to the micro environment, although it is required to articulate these actions, the demands and requirements from the macro environment. To make this research effective, semi structured interviews have been conducted with the managers who participated in both institutional change processes. In the results analysis, it has been possible to verify the particularity of each change, the one from 1998 with a strong normative action of the managers against coercive forces from the government for the search of recognition and the institutional legitimation and the one in 2008, which has been characterized by the normative action by managers in agreement with the coercive forces from the government, in favor of the government policy for the technological professional education. However, the results analysis it is possible to notice the evidence of a belonging feeling from the interviewed managers / O Instituto Federal de Educa??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia, em sua trajet?ria hist?rica, tem vivenciado diversas mudan?as. As transforma??es ocorridas ao longo do tempo foram determinadas por for?as coercitivas do ambiente institucional, que ao longo do tempo foi se tornando complexo e amplo, adquirindo caracter?sticas diversas e novos elementos como os fatores n?o-institucionais1 que passaram a contribui com as demais mudan?as. Nesse contexto, este trabalho objetiva estudar as pr?ticas isom?rficas dos gestores nos processos de mudan?as institucionais no IFRN nos per?odos de 1998 e 2008, partindo de uma perspectiva te?rica coevolutiva (CHILD; RODRIGUES; LEWIN; CARROL; VOLBERDA, 2003). Essa teoria traz para os estudos organizacionais uma nova ?tica de an?lise das organiza??es, pois oferece uma leitura n?o determinista e n?o linear do processo de evolu??o, significando uma co-evolu??o. Nesse sentido as organiza??es e seus ambientes institucionais e n?o institucionais se autoevoluem, se autoorganizam e se autoreproduzem. E, dessa forma, os fatores institucionais e os n?o-institucionais do ambiente macro mant?m uma rela??o de interdepend?ncia cont?nua com as organiza??es. Para fins desse estudo, se faz importante entender que ? imposs?vel compreender o objeto, as pr?ticas isom?rficas, sem considerar as mudan?as institucionais anteriores e suas evolu??es, suas continuidades e descontinuidades, importantes no processo coevolutivo. Para tanto, recorrer ? trajet?ria hist?rica institucional ? um aspecto fundamental para a concretiza??o do estudo, pois o movimento recursivo faz-se presente na coevolu??o. Outro aspecto ? que n?o se pode abdicar da vis?o de hologram?tica2, que considera o objeto, as pr?ticas isom?rficas, parte constituinte de um todo e que esse todo, tamb?m est? nas partes, sendo imposs?vel compreender o objeto, descolado do contexto do qual faz parte. Com esse entendimento, partindo do objetivo proposto, ? necess?rio, descrever as caracter?sticas de co-evolu??o das mudan?as institucionais referentes aos per?odos de 1998 e 2008; analisar a din?mica dos mecanismos isom?rficos nos respectivos processos de mudan?a institucional; e descrever o aprendizado que as pr?ticas isom?rficas deixaram para o IFRN. Todas essas transforma??es se deram por for?as coercitivas3 do ambiente institucional. A partir da d?cada de 90 essas for?as se intensificaram, o ambiente se tornou mais amplo e complexo, com a emerg?ncia de novos fatores ambientais. No entanto, prop?e-se estudar o processo de gest?o e suas pr?ticas, referentes ao ambiente micro, embora necessite articular essas a??es, ?s demandas e exig?ncias do ambiente macro. Para a efetiva??o da pesquisa foram feitas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os gestores que participaram dos dois processos de mudan?as institucionais. Nas an?lises dos resultados foram constatadas as particularidades de cada mudan?a, a de 1998 com uma forte a??o normativa dos gestores contra as for?as coercitivas do Estado na busca do reconhecimento e legitimidade institucional e a de 2008, que se caracterizou pela a??o normativa dos gestores em conson?ncia com as for?as coercitivas do Estado, em favor da pol?tica do governo para a educa??o profissional tecnol?gica. Na an?lise dos resultados percebe-se a evid?ncia de um sentimento de pertencimento por parte dos gestores entrevistados

Modern product development is a highly complex process characterized by a pronounced interdisciplinary cooperation. Interdisciplinary cooperation accompanied with firm strategic and integrating concep ts leads to innovation potentials in context of cooperative product engineering. The phrase "Mechatronics" represents exactly these novel methodological concepts in the developing process of innova tive products with highly innovative functionality and structure. The concept Mechatronics has been exemplary proven successfully in high-tech sectors. A glance at the automobile or high speed train technology gives an impressive and pursuing figure of the far reach ing Mechatronics philosophy. SME in general have not enough research and development resources to their disposal in order to comply with the ever increasing market demands. Ways out of this dilemma are strategic alliances on one hand and the education of young "Mechatronicans" at universities on the other hand. ISOM 2002 aims to contribute by inviting SME representatives and students from universities and supplementary instit utions in Saxony. The key words of Mechatronics are sensors and actuators, integrated control strategies, modeling and simulation, effective design, safety and reliability. The symposium focuses on state-of-the-art in Mechatronics, especially regarding to controlled high precision systems and particularly to novel electromechanical driving systems. It will point toward future research directions in these subjects. ISOM 2002 is intended as a forum for those engineers and researchers from universities and industry in and outside Europe who actively participate in the young field of Mechatronics and uphold the old spirit of exchanging theoretical and practical results within the scientific community. / Die moderne industrielle Produktentwicklung ist ein hochkomplexer Prozess, der gekennzeichnet ist durch eine stark ausgeprägte interdisziplinäre Arbeit. Diese Interdisziplinarität gepaart mit fundiert en Strategie- und Integrationskonzepten führt zu erheblichen Innovationspotentialen im kooperativen Produkt-Engineering. Das Kunstwort Mechatronik steht genau für dieses neuartige methodologische Konz ept im Entwicklungsprozess innovativer Produkte mit einem hohen Integrationsgrad von Funktionalität und Struktur. Die Industrie hat in vielen High-Tech-Bereichen das Konzept Mechatronik beispielhaft realisiert. Ein Blick auf die Automobil- und Hochgeschwindigkeitszugtechnik zeigt in eindrucksvoller Weise die Tr agfähigkeit der Mechatronik-Philosophie. KMU verfügen oft nicht über das erforderliche FuE-Personal und die entsprechenden materiellen Ressourcen, um das enorme Entwicklungstempo mitzugehen. Wege zur Überwindung dieser Defizite sind strategi sche Allianzen und eine gezielte Ausbildung von Mechatronikern an Hoch- und Fachschulen. Auch hierzu soll das Symposium einen Beitrag leisten, indem insbesondere Vertreter von KMU und Studenten der ga stgebenden Universität sowie anderer Hochschuleinrichtungen Sachsens eingeladen wurden. Zu den Schlüsselworten in der Mechatronik gehören Sensoren und Aktoren, integrierte Steuerstrategien, Modellierung und Simulation, effektiver Entwurf, Sicherheit und Zuverlässigkeit. Der derzeitige Sta nd der Mechatronikforschung, vor allem mit Blick auf hochgenaue, gesteuerte mechatronische Systeme und insbesondere neuartige integrierte elektromechanische Antriebssysteme, soll im Mittelpunkt dieses Symposiums stehen. Auch zukünftige Forschungsaufgaben für die Grundlagen- und anwendungsorientierte Forschung in den genannten Themenbereichen sollen aufgezeigt werden. Das Symposium versteht sich als Treffpunkt für diejenigen Forscher und Entwickler, die in Europa an Hochschulen ebenso wie in der Industrie auf diesem Gebiet aktiv sind und sich auf einen Austausch th eoretischer, experimenteller und anwendungsspezifischer Erfahrungen, die bei der wissenschaftlichen Arbeit auf dem noch jungen Gebiet der Mechatronik erlangt wurden, freuen.