Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:31:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sergio Silva Dantas.pdf: 1606638 bytes, checksum: 76a47d35d0127712992bd858e38a29d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-16 / This thesis is a study on the relationship between consumption and identity, in order to analyze the occurrence of metamorphosis experienced by individuals whose consumption was present in some way, trying to identify whether or not these metamorphoses presented emancipatory sense, even if they are only fragments. To this end, the study is based on the theoretical framework of social psychology developed by Ciampa (2009) on the sintagma identity-metamorphosis-emancipation, relying on other scholars of psychology and areas such as philosophy, sociology and anthropology, discussing question of identity and human emancipation from a Critical Social Psychology, as well as authors of these areas of knowledge that discuss the topic of consumption in modernity. This thesis is divided into three parts, the first and second ones of theoretical nature and the third one consists in empirical studies. The first part discusses the study work field, which is the issue of consumption. Then, in the second part, theories about the object of study the identity are presented. The third section discusses the analysis of field research, whose process of data collection is consisted of two phases: an initial which was conducted from a process of filling an electronic qualitative questionnaire about significant consumption situations along the trajectory of life of respondents (including their whys), and the second phase, which is composed from collaborators life stories selected as emblematic among respondents of the initial phase . The selected and discussed cases at the analysis of field research show that when there is a life project supported by a political identity, the individual can make use of consumption as an facilitator of fragments of emancipation, contradicting the idea that consumption acts only as a system way to colonize the world of life, even though this may also occur when there is a lack of identity politics / Esta tese trata-se de um estudo sobre as relações entre o consumo e a identidade, tendo por objetivo analisar a ocorrência de metamorfoses experimentadas pelos indivíduos em que o consumo esteve, de alguma forma presente, procurando identificar se essas metamorfoses apresentaram ou não sentidos emancipatórios, ainda que sejam apenas fragmentos. Para tal, o trabalho parte do referencial teórico da psicologia social desenvolvido por Ciampa (2009) sobre o sintagma identidade-metamorfose-emancipação, apoiando-se em outros estudiosos da psicologia e de áreas como a filosofia, a sociologia e a antropologia, que discutem a questão da identidade e emancipação humana a partir de uma Psicologia Social Crítica, bem como autores dessas áreas do conhecimento que discutem a temática do consumo na modernidade. Esta tese está dividida em três partes, as duas primeiras de cunho teórico e a terceira de cunho empírico. Na primeira parte, discute-se o campo de estudo do trabalho, a questão do consumo. Em seguida, na segunda parte, apresentam-se teorias sobre o objeto de estudo, a identidade. Na terceira parte, discute-se a análise da pesquisa de campo, cujo processo de coleta de dados foi composto de duas fases: uma fase inicial, realizada a partir do preenchimento de um questionário eletrônico qualitativo sobre situações significativas de consumo ao longo da trajetória de vida dos respondentes (e os respectivos porquês), e a segunda fase, realizada a partir de relatos de histórias de vida de colaboradores selecionados como sujeitos emblemáticos entre os respondentes da fase inicial. Os casos selecionados e discutidos na análise da pesquisa de campo mostram que, quando existe um projeto de vida suportado por uma identidade política, o indivíduo consegue se valer do consumo como um viabilizador de fragmentos de emancipação, contrariando a ideia de que o consumo age apenas como um meio do sistema para colonizar o mundo da vida, ainda que isso possa ocorrer quando da inexistência de uma identidade política

À travers l’analyse des mouvements de population entre les îles Amami et la métropole japonaise, dite « Hondo », ce travail examine les processus de (re)définitions identitaires à l’œuvre chez les habitants de ce petit archipel au Sud-Ouest du Japon, ainsi que les effets de ces mouvements sur les représentations de leur territoire. Les divers types de mobilité repérables chez les gens des îles Amami sont intimement liés à l’histoire de la région. Anciennement intégré au royaume des Ryûkyû, puis sous la domination de la province de Satsuma, l’archipel fut placé sous administration américaine après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, avant d’être rétrocédé au Japon en 1953. Cet arrière-plan historique singulier a eu de multiples conséquences, au premier rang desquelles figure une importante migration interne de personnes originaires d’Amami vers les grands centres urbains de la métropole, en particulier dans la région de Hanshin (Kôbe, Amagasaki, Ôsaka). L’attention portée à l’élaboration de différences « culturelles » entre la métropole japonaise et les habitants des îles Amami met en lumière la volonté de construction d’une nation homogène par les gouvernements successifs depuis Meiji. Cette différenciation a donné lieu à un double processus : d’une part, la marginalisation de la population originaire d’Amami à son arrivée en métropole à partir du début du XXe siècle ; d’autre part, des regroupements d’Amamiens au sein de diverses initiatives culturelles (« amicales des anciens », cours de « chants des îles », médias à destination des « minorités »). Un certain nombre d’« évènements » survenus depuis les années 1990 invitent ensuite à s’interroger sur l’actuelle valorisation de l’« identité amamienne ». L’analyse de trajectoires individuelles permet de faire émerger les multiples raisons d’un mouvement de « retour vers » ou de « départ pour » les îles Amami, ainsi que les effets de ces installations. Ce travail révèle ainsi le dynamisme actuel d’Amami, et, par là, permet de saisir les requalifications de cet archipel et de ses habitants, tout comme sa place actuelle à l’intérieur du Japon. / This work focuses on current processes of identity (re)definition among the inhabitants of the Amami Islands, in the context of strong population movements between this small archipelago of southern Japan and the Japanese metropolis called “Hondo”, as well as on the impact of these movements on their views of their territory. The different types of mobility that can be observed among the people of the Amami Islands are deeply enmeshed in the history of the region. Once part of the Ryûkyû kingdom, then under the domination of Satsuma province, the archipelago was placed under U.S.A. administration after World War II, before its restoration to Japan in 1953. This singular historical background has had multiple consequences, not the least of which is the intense internal migration from Amami towards the big urban centers of the metropolis, in particular in the Hanshin region (Kôbe, Amagasaki, Ôsaka). A focus on the making of “cultural” differences between the Japanese metropolis and the inhabitants of the Amami Islands sheds light on the homogenizing nation-building policies that consecutive governments have set up since Meiji. This differentiation has led to a two-way process: on the one hand, the marginalization of the population hailing from Amami at its arrival in the metropolis, beginning in the early twentieth century; on the other hand, the coming together of Amami islanders within cultural programs (“third age groups”, “island songs” classes, medias destined to “minorities”). Several “events” that have taken place since the 1990s then bring our focus onto the current valorization of the “Amami identity”. An analysis of individual trajectories brings forth the multiple reasons behind movements “back to” or “departing from” the Amami Islands, as well as the effects of these relocations. This work thus renders the dynamics of Amami and, as a result, brings the requalification of this archipelago and it’s inhabitants into focus, and sheds light on its current place within Japan.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:31:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edna dos Reis.pdf: 3300823 bytes, checksum: 34c01d3055df6c9f2560838f12da41ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-03 / Distance education (DE) in Brazil dates back some time, which makes to think about the construction of identity of teachers who engage in that type of education. The teaching work is sometimes understood only by its technical dimension, leaving aside its human condition. Discuss the action of the teacher in school just for its instrumental nature is to abandon the importance of his personal and professional identity in the educational process. The aim of this study was to analyze how does the identity construction of teachers who work in DE and the repercussion of that identity in their professional performance. The research presents a qualitative study of the case. The studies on the teaching profession and identity are founded by Carrolo (1997); Tardif and Lessard (2011); Castells (2010); Pimenta (1999); Giddens (2004); Tardif (2002); Meksenas (2003); Dubar (2002, 2005, 2009); Abbud and Bussmann (2002); Brzezinski (2002); Nóvoa (1997); Lawn (2001); Garcia, Hypolito and Vieira (2005). The works of Berger and Luckmann (2009), Freitag (1991), Habermas (1989, 2003) and Ciampa (1987) support studies on the identity of the I. The data collection was conducted in two phases. At first, there were five individuals' participation through the application of descriptive memorial and implementation of interviews, and analysis of the virtual room of the coordination of Letters Course at a distance. In the second phase, beyond the five participants, three more people became part of the research to answer to the questions of descriptive memorial in an interview. At first, the data analysis was performed from the perspective of content analysis proposed by Bardin (2010). There was also the analysis of four virtual rooms us the disciplines of Reading and Texts Production, Theory of Literature-I, Latin Language-I and Portuguese Literature-I. Among the results, the research found that teachers who work in DE construct their identity from the experiences, of the search for knowledge and relationship with the other. The language is expressive element that allows the man to identify himself. In distance education, on the other hand, 11 the varieties of roles, the depreciation of the work according to its execution, brings an identity crisis, making it more fragile. The results also indicate that there is need for a proposal of identity politics for teachers who work in distance education. One positive aspect that may contribute with their identity (teachers' identity) in teaching-learning process is the ongoing search for a dialogical process that promote reflection and action among stakeholders of DE / A Educação a Distância (EaD) no Brasil já data de algum tempo, o que faz pensar sobre a construção da identidade de professores que atuam nessa modalidade de ensino. O trabalho docente às vezes é compreendido apenas pela sua dimensão técnica, deixando à margem a sua condição humana. Discutir a ação do professor na escola somente pelo seu caráter instrumental é abandonar e desconsiderar a importância da sua identidade pessoal e profissional no processo educativo. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar como ocorre a construção da identidade de professores que atuam em EaD e a repercussão dessa identidade na sua atuação profissional. A investigação apresenta um estudo de caso de cunho qualitativo. Os estudos sobre a profissão e a identidade docente são fundamentados por Carrolo (1997); Tardif e Lessard (2011); Castells (2010); Pimenta (1999); Giddens (2004); Tardif (2002); Meksenas (2003); Dubar (2002, 2005, 2009); Abbud e Bussmann (2002); Brzezinski (2002); Nóvoa (1997); Lawn (2001); Garcia, Hypolito e Vieira (2005). As obras de Berger e Luckmann (2009), Freitag (1991), Habermas (1989, 2003) e Ciampa (1987) sustentam os estudos sobre a identidade do eu. A coleta de dados foi realizada em duas fases: na primeira, houve participação de cinco sujeitos por meio de aplicação de memorial descritivo e realização de entrevista, além de análise da sala virtual da coordenação do curso de letras a distância; na segunda, além dos cinco participantes, mais três sujeitos passaram a fazer parte da pesquisa ao responder às questões do memorial descritivo em forma de entrevista. Num primeiro momento, a análise dos dados foi realizada na perspectiva da análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (2010). Passou-se, então, a analisar também quatro salas virtuais como as disciplinas de Leitura e Produção de Textos, Teoria da Literatura I, Língua Latina I e Literatura Portuguesa I. Entre os resultados, a investigação verificou que os docentes que atuam em EaD constroem sua identidade a partir das experiências vividas, da busca pelo conhecimento e pela relação com o outro. A linguagem é o elemento expressivo 9 que permite ao homem identificar-se. Na EaD, por outro lado, as variedades de papéis, a desvalorização do trabalho conforme sua execução trazem uma crise da identidade, deixando-a mais fragilizada. Os resultados apontam ainda que há necessidade de uma proposta de política de identidade para os docentes que atuam na EaD. Um aspecto positivo que poderá contribuir com sua identidade no processo de ensino-aprendizagem é a busca permanente de um processo dialógico que promova ação e reflexão entre os atores da EaD

M. Tech. Drama / The purpose of this study was to develop a broader understanding of aspects of identity relating to Coloured and Indian people in South Africa and the portrayal of these aspects on the post-Apartheid stage. The meaning of the term 'identity' and its relation to drama and theatre was investigated. Identity markers (individual and social) were identified to serve as a framework for the play analyses. Research was also conducted on both Coloured and Indian identities, seen against a historical background, as well as the theatrical and dramatic history of the two groups.

A number of studies of Bali emerging in the last three decades have come to read Balinese culture as a cultural construct that has been invented and reinvented as a means to legitimate power relations on the island (e.g. Schulte Nordholt 1986, 1996, 1999; Vickers 1990; Picard 1996, 1999). Constructions of ‘Balinese culture’ have been explored and identified as central projects within the island’s internal contestation of dominance as well as within the establishment of colonial and postcolonial orders. Despite this scholarly exploration of the discursive nature of ‘authentic Balinese culture’, public obsession with a traditional Balinese architecture, conceived as an apolitical, exotic, and pre-existing architectural other, prevails. Architecture has been and continues to be an arena within which the notion of authentic Bali is convincingly authorised by its diverse proponents: the Dutch colonial government, the orientalist scholars, the travellers, the architects, and the local elites.This thesis explores the role of architectural discourses within the construction of identity in 20th century Bali. It investigates the way writings on Bali’s architecture and contemporary formations of domestic architecture on the island are implicated by the political imagining of an ‘authentic Balinese’ cultural identity. Invoking the architecture of Balinisation, this thesis argues that writings and domestic architectural realms are productive fields in which and by which identity and power relations are continuously formulated by those who observe Bali and by the observed ‘Balinese’ people.

This study explores the articulation of a popular political identity by the US Senator Bernie Sanders and the political coalition he communicates. The analysis part is conducted on two levels: the construction of the populist signifier ‘the people’ and the construction of the antagonist in Sanders’ political communication. The theoretical part is mostly driven by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe’s perspective in radical democracy, identity construction, collectiveness and the chain of equivalence. By deploying theoretically unprejudiced approach, the thesis shows how a popular identity, namely ‘the People’, emerges, how it is communicated in order to put forward an alternative reading of populism which is hotly-debated subject among scholars and political scientists. Furthermore, the thesis elaborates how the theoretical discussion proposes a way of understanding the collective subject of ‘the People’ which appears as an identifiable and contra- conjectural category. The analysis ascertains that ‘the people’, as a populist subject, emerges as collective citizens demanding equal rights and taking the larger issues of inequality at stake based on inclusive values and positions, rather than as undemocratic, authoritarian, ethnically and culturally homogenizer subjects. Consequently, any subject causing ‘injustice’ becomes the antagonized other who obliges ‘the People’ to experience misery, oppression, and discrimination. The research tackles how Senator Sanders’ political communication brings disperse identities along with the chain of equivalence, how his movement articulates the political front of ‘the People’, and how it signifies the outsider through dichotomizing the political space. The study concludes that Sanders popular articulation provides a critical perspective for us to read populist zeitgeist of the twenty-first century.

This dissertation aims to provide an understanding of the historical and contemporary dynamics of India’s foreign policy towards Israel within the context of religious identity from 1947 to 2015. A historical analysis of the relationship between India and Israel exhibits the ways that religious identity has served as a primary factor impeding as well as facilitating relations between the two nations. The analysis was done within the context of the historical Hindu-Muslim relationship in India and how the legacy of this relationship, in India’s effort to maintain positive relations with the Arab-Muslim world, worked to inhibit relations with Israel prior to normalization in 1992. However, the five years leading up to normalization, and thereafter, the dynamic is reversed with this legacy playing an increasingly progressive role in India-Israel relations via the social construction of shared meanings and identities between India’s Hindu majority with Israel’s Jewish majority. Social construction of shared meanings and identities are based, in part, within an historical/modern-day context of conflict with a minority, religious Other (Islam), and through bridges of connection based in other historical, cultural, social, and religious areas. Formal interviews, archival primary-source analysis of government documents, and secondary-source review were methods employed in the evaluation of the role of religion in India’s foreign policy towards Israel. In conclusion, this dissertation demonstrates the normative and functional effects that religious identities have played, and continue to play, in determining India’s foreign policy towards Israel given the fundamental role religious identity has historically played in the structuring of social perceptions, interactions and worldviews within Indian society up and through the present-day.

The Florida Everglades is a highly diverse socionatural landscape that historically spanned much of the south Florida peninsula. Today, the Florida Everglades is an iconic but highly contested conservation landscape. It is the site of one of the world’s largest publicly funded ecological restoration programs, estimated to cost over $8 billion (U.S. GAO 2007), and it is home to over two million acres of federally protected lands, including the Big Cypress National Preserve and Everglades National Park. However, local people’s values, practices and histories overlap and often conflict with the global and eco-centric values linked to Everglades environmental conservation efforts, sparking environmental conflict. My dissertation research examined the cultural politics of nature associated with two Everglades conservation and ecological restoration projects: 1) the creation and stewardship of the Big Cypress National Preserve, and 2) the Tamiami Trail project at the northern boundary of Everglades National Park. Using multiple research methods including ethnographic fieldwork, archival research, participant observation, surveys and semi-structured interviews, I documented how these two projects have shaped environmental claims-making strategies to Everglades nature on the part of environmental NGOs, the National Park Service and local white outdoorsmen. In particular, I examined the emergence of an oppositional white identity called the Gladesmen Culture. My findings include the following: 1) just as different forms of nature are historically produced, contingent and power-laden, so too are different claims to Everglades nature; 2) identity politics are an integral dimension of Everglades environmental conflicts; and 3) the Big Cypress region’s history and contemporary conflicts are shaped by the broader political economy of development in south Florida. My dissertation concluded that identity politics, class and property relations have played a key, although not always obvious, role in shaping Everglades history and environmental claims-making, and that they continue to influence contemporary Everglades environmental conflicts.

This research study investigates Lotus FM, as one of many South African Media components that are catering for one specific cultural or religious group. The investigation explores the implications of practice of a pecific media component that caters for specific cultural or religious groups operating in a post-apartheid South Africa. After the end of the apartheid era in South Africa, a number of South African media components have proclaimed their commitment to reconciliation and nation building within South Africa by attempting to unite audiences. The South African Broadcasting Corporation, which held the monopoly on South African Broadcasting for decades, has promulgated the notion of the rainbow nation to audiences in South Africa. Since 1994, sub-components of the different South African media segments were developed to cater for specific ethnic or cultural groups by the station managements. This was aimed at reversing the effects of pre-1994 media that catered for the former ruling minority only or ethnic groups that were categorized by the former political dispensation. It is possible, however, that this has resulted in a renewed and continued separation of interest groups present in South Africa today.

The objective of this study is to examine the role of the political élite in the analysis of the causes of conflicts and insecurity as well as the determination of threats to national security in the Third World with particular reference to West Africa using Côte d’Ivoire as a case study. To achieve this aim, the study employed a conceptual framework of national security that highlighted the concept of security and the distinction between the traditional notions and widening views of security as manifested in the post-Cold War approaches to the subject. The differences between the various levels of security, namely national security and state and regime security were examined. A distinction was made between minimal and maximal states on the one hand, and strong and weak states on the other which enabled the application of the concepts to Third World countries, including Africa. The concept of threats and vulnerabilities and how subjective elements of threat assessment blurred the difference between national security and regime security, were also analyzed including the causes of armed conflicts in developing countries and in Africa specifically. Based on these concepts, the study analyzed the political, socio-economic and security conditions of the Ivory Coast in the period before and during French rule, including the post-independence era. The aim of the historical analysis was to highlight the critical role played by the élite in the identification of threats to national security. This role invariably identified with the protection of élite interest or regime security and often reflected a subjective view of threats to security, the management of which created high levels of insecurity leading to the armed conflict in Côte d’Ivoire in 2002. The study established that the preservation of élite interests and power is the root cause of conflicts in Africa and West Africa. Subsequently, élite cohesion becomes critical to the security of the state as élite disunity leads to manipulation of objective threats or risks that generates insecurity that not only transcends borders, but also creates a security dilemma for states as well as conditions for irredentism. / Dissertation (MSecurity Studies)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Political Sciences / unrestricted