Submitted by ROGÉRIO GEROLINETO FONSECA null (rogeriogfonseca@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-03T14:27:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RISCO_HIDROLOGICO_PRECIPITACOES_EXTREMAS_ENCHENTES_E_ALAGAMENTOS_NA_CIDADE_DE_ITUIUTABA_MG.pdf: 10330534 bytes, checksum: b95ceb5e240dacedaa2b614729085529 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Aparecida Puerta null (dripuerta@rc.unesp.br) on 2018-01-05T10:43:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fonseca_rg_me_rcla.pdf: 9246593 bytes, checksum: cbd5879270cf75f0e834161707e18c48 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-05T10:43:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fonseca_rg_me_rcla.pdf: 9246593 bytes, checksum: cbd5879270cf75f0e834161707e18c48 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-10 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / As inundações constituem um dos impactos ambientais mais observados nas áreas urbanas. A incidência destes eventos varia conforme as características climáticas e socioambientais das cidades. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal avaliar o risco a enchentes, a alagamentos e ao escoamento superficial concentrado na área urbana de Ituiutaba (MG), a partir de suas condicionantes físicas e de suas características socioespaciais, inerentes ao processo de urbanização. Para isto, realizaram-se análises do geossistema urbano; da variabilidade pluvial com enfoque na recorrência das precipitações extremas; das ocorrências de transtornos associados ao impacto pluvial e da percepção do problema por parte da população atingida e do poder público municipal. Verificou-se que os impactos hidrometeóricos concentram-se durante os meses da primavera e do verão, quando as chuvas são mais abundantes. Em média, treze episódios chuvosos com volume a partir de 30mm/24h acontecem a cada ano, representando, assim, um potencial de danos ao ambiente urbano. De forma mais esporádica, acontecem ainda precipitações mais intensas, por volta de 90mm/24h, com potencial de impacto muito maior. Os arquivos das ocorrências do Corpo de Bombeiros e as reportagens publicadas pela imprensa local constituíram importantes fontes para o mapeamento e análise dos impactos. Como consequência desses eventos, tem-se na área central da cidade e bairros adjacentes, que são mais impermeabilizados, as ocorrências de escoamento superficial concentrado e os alagamentos. Além disso, a rede de galerias pluviais é insuficiente para drenar os locais onde os problemas são mais evidentes, principalmente em quatro áreas, sendo estas as avenidas José João Dib, Minas Gerais, Dezessete e Prof. José Vieira de Mendonça. Na primeira, observam-se alagamentos devido à deficiência na drenagem do escoamento superficial, que não consegue direcionar as águas para dentro da canalização do Córrego São José. Nos demais locais o problema é o escoamento superficial concentrado, que forma um fluxo ao longo das vertentes, suficiente para arrastar pessoas e veículos, além de provocar danos na pavimentação de ruas e calçadas. No tocante à população afetada pelas inundações, a maior parcela é formada por pessoas de baixa renda, cujas residências são mais vulneráveis ao acúmulo/escoamento de água em superfície. Este cenário demanda a atuação efetiva da administração pública no sentido de elaborar planos estratégicos para a gestão das águas pluviais. / Floods are one of the most observed environmental impacts in urban areas. The incidence of these events varies according to the climatic and socio-environmental characteristics of the cities. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the risk to the overflows, the floods and the concentrated surface runoff in the urban area of Ituiutaba (MG), based on its physical conditioning aspects and its socio-spatial characteristic, which are inherent in the urbanization process. For that purpose, some analyzes of the urban geosystem, the rainfall variability with focus on the recurrence of the extreme precipitations, the occurrences of disturbances associated with the rainfall impact and the perception of the problem by the affected population and the municipal public power were carried out. It was found that the hydrometeoric impacts are concentrated in the spring and summer months, when the rains are more abundant. On average, thirteen rainy episodes with a volume from 30mm/24h happen each year, which represents a potential for damages to the urban environment. More sporadically, there are some intense precipitations, around 90mm/24h, with a much greater potential impact. The Fire Department's archives and the news published in the local press were important sources for the mapping and analysis of the impacts. As a consequence of these events, there are in the city centre area and adjacent neighborhoods, which are more waterproofed spaces, the occurrences of concentrated surface runoff and flooding. In addition, the rain gutter network is insufficient to drain the places where the problems are more evident, mainly in four areas, which are the avenues José João Dib, Minas Gerais, Dezessete and Prof. José Vieira de Mendonça. At the José João Dib Avenue, floods are observed due to the deficiency in drainage of the surface runoff, that cannot direct the water into the canalization of the São José stream. In the other avenues, the problem is the concentrated runoff which forms a flow along the slopes that is enough to drag people and vehicles as well as cause damage to the paving of streets and sidewalks. With regard to the population affected by the floods, the majority is made up of low-income people, whose homes are most vulnerable to surface water accumulation / runoff. This scenario demands an effective action from the public administration in an effort to elaborate strategic plans for the management of the rainwater. / CNPq: 134118/2015-4

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:27:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:56:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

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Orientador: Vicente Lopes Junior / Resumo: Materiais compósitos têm sido cada vez mais utilizados na indústria aeronáutica, devido a inúmeras vantagens que serão apresentadas nesse trabalho. Entretanto, impactos podem comprometer significativamente a estrutura. Tais impactos podem ocorrer a “baixa velocidade”, através de ferramentas derrubadas e contato com veículos/equipe de manutenção, e também a “alta velocidade”, como colisões com aves, raios elétricos, detritos de pneus ou pequenas pedras na pista. Conhecer a ocorrência e localização dos mesmos, assim como o progresso de danos subsequentes, permite realizar inspeções mais focadas e otimizar o custo e eficiência de manutenção. Este trabalho propõe a utilização de transdutores piezelétricos em formato de rosetas piezelétricas para localização de impacto em estruturas de materiais compósitos. As rosetas são compostas de transdutores retangulares de Macro-Fiber Composite (MFC), que apresentam uma resposta altamente diretiva para ondas ultrassonoras, o que foi explorado para determinar a localização da onda emitida, independente da velocidade de propagação da onda na estrutura. A acuracidade do mé- todo foi demonstrada experimentalmente em uma placa de fibra de carbono/ resina epóxi de dimensões 1060 ×1100×2mm, formada de 13 camadas plain-weave com duas rosetas piezelétricas coladas à superfície via adesivo cianoacrilato. Os impactos foram conduzidos utilizando um pequeno martelo com ponta metálica, simulando impactos realísticos sofridos por uma estrutu... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The usage of composite materials has been experiencing a continuous growth in aeronautic industry, due to countless advantages. However, impacts can significantly compromise the structure. These impacts can occur at "low velocity", by tools dropped, contact with maintenance vehicles or personnel and also at "high velocity", by bird/hail strikes, runaway debris from tires os lightnings. Knowing the occurrence and location of the impacts, as well as the progression of any subsequent damage, allows performing focused follow-up inspections, which can optimize maintenance cost and effectiveness. This work proposes using piezoelectric transducers arranged as rosettes to locate impacts on composite materials structures. The rosettes are comprised of rectangular transducers of Macro-Fiber Composite (MFC), which exhibit an highly directive response to ultrasonic waves that will were explored to determine the source of the incoming wave, regardless of the wave velocity. The accuracy of this method is experimentally demonstrated on a 1060x1100x2mm carbon/epoxy plate, formed by 13 plain-weave layers with two piezoelectric rosettes bounded to the surface via cyanoacrylate. The impacts were carried out using a small hammer with hardened steel tip, simulating realistic impacts suffered by an in-service structure. The impact point is determined by the proposed method and compared with the actual location of impact. / Mestre

Os impactos repetitivos decorrentes do esporte podem interferir no crescimento ósseo. Com o objetivo de tentar elucidar o efeito mecânico dos impactos repetitivos sobre a placa de crescimento ósseo, da tíbia proximal, um estudo experimental em ratos foi realizado. Inicialmente, foi desenvolvida uma máquina para a produção de impactos repetitivos na tíbia dos ratos. Os impactos repetitivos foram produzidos na tíbia direita em uma amostra de 60 ratos wistar, divididos em 6 grupos de 10 cada, sendo a esquerda o controle. A magnitude de impacto foi de aproximadamente 3,5 vezes a massa corporal dos ratos. Após os dias de impacto, os ratos foram sacrificados e as tíbias foram medidas. Em seguida um estudo histológico da placa de crescimento foi realizado. Foram medidas, a espessura total da placa de crescimento, a espessura da zona de repouso, de proliferação e hipertrófica e de calcificação juntas. Os resultados mostraram diferença significativa no comprimento da tíbia nos testes intra-grupos para os grupos 3, 4,e 5 (p≤0,05), e intergrupos para a tíbia direita e esquerda (p≤0,05). A placa de crescimento mostrou uma menor espessura significativa na tíbia direita (p≤0,05). Na esquerda não houve alteração significativa da espessura da placa (p=0,109). As zonas de repouso e proliferativa da placa da tíbia direita, e o número médio de células nas colunas da zona proliferativa apresentaram diferenças significativas intergrupos (p= 0,013, p=0,042 e p=0,017, respectivamente). As zonas hipertrófica e de calcificação apresentaram diferença significativas nas tíbias direita e esquerda (p 0,048 e 0=0,020, respectivamente). As análises múltiplas confirmaram que não existiram evidências de calcificação precoce da placa, com a magnitude de impacto produzida. Não houve mudança significativa nas zonas hipertrófica e de calcificação. A conclusão é de que os impactos repetitivos diminuem a espessura da placa de crescimento proximal da tíbia durante a puberdade, principalmente quando o tempo de impacto ultrapassa a metade do período de puberdade. Com a interrupção de 10 dias na produção dos impactos, permaneceu a diminuição da espessura da placa proximal da tíbia. A cargas de impactos de aproximadamente 3,5 vezes a massa corporal não são suficientes para exibir evidências de calcificação precoce da placa de crescimento. / The repetitive impact in exercise could make an interference in bone growth. In last years, it could be seeing an increase in children participation in sports and leagues. With the objective to try to understand the mechanical effect of repetitive impacts at growth plate, at proximal tibia, an experiment was made. Repetitive impacts was make at right tibia in a 60 wistar rats, with 6 groups with 10 rats each. The left tibia was the control. The magnitude of the impact was close to 3,5 of the corporal mass of the rats. After the impacts day, the animals was sacrifice and the tibias was measured. After that, an growth plate histological study was made. The total growth plate was measured, and also the resting zone, proliferative zone and hypertrophy and calcification together. Results shown a significative difference in tibia length in groups tests for groups 3,4 and 5 (p<0,05). The growth plate shows a significative small length at right tibia (p<0,05). The left tibia did not shown any siginificative alteration in it length at growth plate. (p=0,109). The resting and proliferative zones, the number of the columns cellules of the proliferative zone, show a significative difference between groups (p=0,013; p=0,042 and p=0,017). The hypertrophic and calcification zones shown a significative difference between right and left tibia (p=0,048 and p=0,020). The multiple analysis confirm that did not appear any evidence of precocious calcification, with that impact magnitude, even a reduce of total growth plate and proliferative zone.

This thesis examines the indirect impact of natural hazards on infrastructure networks. It addresses several key themes and issues for hazard assessment, network modelling and risk assessment using the case study of landslides impacting the national road network in Scotland, United Kingdom. The research follows four distinct stages. First, a landslide susceptibility model is developed using a database of landslide occurrences, spatial data sets and logistic regression. The model outputs indicate the terrain characteristics that are associated with increased landslide potential, including critical slope angles and south westerly aspects associated with increased rates of solar irradiance and precipitation. The results identify the hillslopes and road segments that are most prone to disruption by landslides and these indicate that 40 % (1,700 / 4,300 km) of Scotland s motorways and arterial roads (i.e. strategic road network) are susceptible to landslides and this is above previous assessments. Second, a novel user-equilibrium traffic model is developed using UK Census origin-destination tables. The traffic model calculates the additional travel time and cost (i.e. indirect impacts) caused by network disruptions due to landslide events. The model is applied to calculate the impact of historic scenarios and for sets of plausible landslide events generated using the landslide susceptibility model. Impact assessments for historic scenarios are 29 to 83 % greater than previous, including £1.2 million of indirect impacts over 15 days of disruption at the A83 Rest and Be Thankful landslide October 2007. The model results indicate that the average impact of landslides is £64 k per day of disruption, and up to £130 k per day on the most critical road segments in Scotland. In addition to identifying critical road segments with both high impact and high susceptibility to landslides, the study indicates that the impact of landslides is concentrated away from urban centres to the central and north-west regions of Scotland that are heavily reliant on road and haulage-based industries such as seasonal tourism, agriculture and craft distilling. The third research element is the development of landslide initiation thresholds using weather radar data. The thresholds classify the rainfall conditions that are most commonly associated with landslide occurrence in Scotland, improving knowledge of the physical initiation processes and their likelihood. The thresholds are developed using a novel optimal-point threshold selection technique, high resolution radar and new rain variables that provide spatio-temporally normalised thresholds. The thresholds highlight the role of the 12-day antecedent hydrological condition of soils as a precursory factor in controlling the rain conditions that trigger landslides. The new results also support the observation that landslides occur more frequently in the UK during the early autumn and winter seasons when sequences or clustering of multiple cyclonic-storm systems is common in periods lasting 5 to 15 days. Fourth, the three previous elements are combined to evaluate the landslide hazard of the strategic road segments and a prototype risk assessment model is produced - a catastrophe model. The catastrophe model calculates the annual average loss and aggregated exceedance probability of losses due to the indirect impact of landslides in Scotland. Beyond application to cost-benefit analyses for landslide mitigation efforts, the catastrophe model framework is applicable to the study of other natural hazards (e.g. flooding), combinations of hazards, and other infrastructure networks.

Introduction et objectif : La prescription des traitements en radiothérapie est basée sur l'analyse de la répartition de dose calculée par le TPS. Un changement d'algorithme de calcul doit être précédé d'une analyse dosimétrique complète, afin que les impacts cliniques soient maitrisés. Nous présentons une méthodologie de mise en œuvre d'un nouveau TPS. Matériel et méthodologie : Nous avons utilisé 5 algorithmes de calcul de dose. Nous avons comparé 6 plans de traitement avec des configurations identiques : patient, énergie, balistique. Nous avons comparé 12 localisations tumorales : 5 poumons, 1 œsophage, 1 sein, 3 ORL, 1 encéphales et 1 prostate. Le principe de méthodologie est basé sur deux critères d'analyse : 1.Critère d'analyse dosimétrique : nous avons classé les outils d'analyse en 3 catégories : analyse liée à la dose de traitement, analyse liée à la distribution de dose et analyse liée à la répartition de la dose 2.Critère d'analyse statistique : nous avons considéré que nous avons 5 séries de mesure liée à 5 algorithmes. Nous avons considéré les valeurs dosimétriques calculées par l'ancien algorithme comme valeurs de référence. Le test de comparaison statistique utilisé était un Wilcoxon pour série apparié avec un seuil de signification de 5% et un intervalle de confiance à 95%. Résultats et discussion : Nous avons trouvé des écarts pour tous les paramètres comparés dans cette étude. Ces écarts dépendent de la localisation de la tumeur et de l'algorithme de calcul. La maîtrise statistique des résultats nous permet, d'une part de diagnostiquer et interpréter les écarts dosimétriques observés et d'autre part, de déterminer si les écarts sont significatifs. Conclusion : Nous proposons une méthodologie qui permet de quantifier d'éventuels écarts dosimétriques lors d'un changement d'algorithme. L'analyse statistique permet de s'assurer que les résultats sont significatifs. / Background and purpose The validation of a treatment plan is based on the analysis of dose distributions. The dose distributions are calculated by algorithms implanted in TPS. So, the changing of an algorithm must be preceded by a complete dosimetric analysis in order to provide a method for controlling the clinical impact of this change. We present in this study the methodology used for implementing a new TPS in our clinic. Materials and methods We used five algorithms for dose calculation: Clarkson, PBC, Batho Power Law, modified Batho and EqTAR. We compared six treatment plans with identical configurations: 2 plans without heterogeneity correction and 4 with density correction. We have compared nine tumours locations: 5 lungs, 1 oesophagus, 1 breast, 3head and neck, 1 brain and 1 prostate. We compared the following parameters: monitors units, HDV, isodoses, covering index, index of homogeneity, conformity index, geometric index and gamma index for 2D and 3D. We analyzed the results using a statistical evaluation and the method plot box. Results and discussion The gamma index 3D and histogram gamma generated for a CT slice can be used to compare various algorithms and radiotherapy plans. We found a difference in all parameters compared when the algorithm is changed. For example, we found a 5% difference in monitors units and 7% in dose for the pulmonary cancer case, when we change from PBC to EqTAR .This may leads to an increased of 30% in the complication rate. The statistical evaluation serves as a rapid interpretation and diagnostic of dosimetric differences and allows the determination of the significance of these differences. Conclusion We proposed a methodology that allows the quantification of dosimetric variation during the change of calculation algorithm in radiotherapy. This methodology provides a valuable technique for quantitative comparison of various algorithms and radiotherapy plans

abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the local residents' perceptions toward the social impacts of FIBA EuroBasket 2011, held September 7th to September 12th, 2011 in Vilnius, Lithuania. This study focuses on the social impacts of the event since most of the mega-event academia is dominated by economic impact studies and this research attempts to go beyond a narrow quantitative approach to examine the social impacts in relation to two important academic contributions: 1) the embracement-withdrawal continuum and 2) the social exchange theory. A mixed methods analysis was adopted as the best approach for this research. Both a quantitative survey and qualitative questionnaire were used which yielded a total usable sample of 128 residents of Vilnius. Exploratory Factor Analysis was conducted to examine the underlying themes of the quantitative data and coding and thematic development was used to make sense of the qualitative data. The results confirmed that the event was considered successful (97% of residents embraced the event) and they generated 6 factors, or impacts, that were deemed important for influencing resident perceptions: social costs, social benefits, sociocultural impacts, socioeconomic impacts, sociopolitical impacts, and socioenvironmental impacts. These results indicate that the use of mixed methods analyses is crucial to investigate the interdependence between each impact that affects residents' perceptions toward sport mega-events. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Recreation and Tourism Studies 2011

abstract: Ecolabels are the main driving force of consumer knowledge in the realm of sustainable product purchasing. While ecolabels strive to improve consumer's purchasing decisions, they have overwhelmed the market, leaving consumers confused and distrustful of what each label means. This study attempts to validate and understand environmental concerns commonly found in ecolabel criteria and the implications they have within the life cycle of a product. A life cycle assessment (LCA) case study of cosmetic products is used in comparison with current ecolabel program criteria to assess whether or not ecolabels are effectively driving environmental improvements in high impact areas throughout the life cycle of a product. Focus is placed on determining the general issues addressed by ecolabelling criteria and how these issues relate to hotspots derived through a practiced scientific methodology. Through this analysis, it was determined that a majority the top performing supply chain environmental impacts are covered, in some fashion, within ecolabelling criteria, but some, such as agricultural land occupation, are covered to a lesser extent or not at all. Additional criteria are suggested to fill the gaps found in ecolabelling programs and better address the environmental impacts most pertinent to the supply chain. Ecolabels have also been found to have a broader coverage then what can currently be addressed using LCA. The results of this analysis have led to a set of recommendations for furthering the integration between ecolabels and life cycle tools. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Civil and Environmental Engineering 2012

Neste estudo, o objetivo é avaliar o programa Mulheres Mil enquanto Política Pública desenvolvida no Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia (IFCE) Campus Iguatu. O Programa Mulheres Mil trás enquanto proposta não somente a qualificação profissional, mas o reconhecimento da importância dessas mulheres em suas famílias e comunidades. Questiona-se, portanto se esse objetivo é de fato conquistado, especificamente no curso de Panificação promovido pelo IFCE - campus Iguatu. Quais mudanças significativas puderam ser percebidas na vida dessas mulheres após o término do curso? Quais alterações se deram como melhoria de renda ou inserção no mercado de trabalho? Houve uma busca de autonomia ou melhoria de autoestima e bem estar devido à profissionalização? A resposta a esses questionamentos surge a partir da percepção do Programa de participantes do Curso de Panificação, ou seja, 50 moradoras do Bairro João Paulo II, cujo perfil pode ser delimitado como mulheres com baixa escolaridade, responsabilidade pela gestão do lar, inclusive, financeira, a maioria inseridas em programas sociais, como o Bolsa Família e que trazem, ainda, em meio a essa realidade, o desejo de aproveitar as oportunidades que surgem. Em relação às mudanças que o programa trouxe para as suas vidas, todas consideram que o impacto foi positivo, principalmente, despertando nelas o desejo de aprender mais e fazer novos cursos. Em relação às egressas, ainda não se teve resultados positivos em relação à inserção no mercado formal de trabalho, a maioria procurou se integrar a novos cursos, e uma delas resolver abrir o próprio negócio. Elas reclamam, em relação ao curso, de uma maior intensificação de aulas práticas, mas, mostram-se satisfeitas com os resultados e reforçam a importância do curso, sob vários aspectos, aprendizagem, reflexão sobre si mesma, a vida, a comunidade, enfim, pode-se sintetizar que os resultados do programa têm gerado o impacto esperado, não eliminando, no entanto, a possibilidade de aprimoramento que sempre existe. / The goal of this study is to evaluate the Mulheres Mil (Thousand Women) program as a Public Policy developed within the Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia (IFCE) [Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology] on the Iguatu Campus. The Mulheres Mil Program brings not only professional qualification as a proposal but also the recognition of the importance of these women in their families and communities. The question therefore is whether this goal is in fact accomplished, specifically in the Bread Making course promoted by the IFCE Iguatu campus. What significant changes could be perceived in the life of these women after the end of the course? What changes happened related to improvement of income or insertion in the work market? Was there a quest for autonomy or improvement of self-esteem and well being due to the professionalization? The answers to these questions arise from the observation of the participants of the Program of the Bread Making Course, that is, 50 women dwellers of the João Paulo II neighborhood, whose profile can be delimited as women of little schooling, responsibility for managing the home, including the financial management, most of them included in social programs such as the Family Grant and who still bring, even in the midst of this reality, the desire to take advantage of the opportunities which arise. With regard to the changes which the program brought into their lives, all of them consider the impact to be positive, mainly, because if awakened in them the desire to learn more and do new courses. With regard to those who finished the course, there still have not been positive results with regard to insertion in the formal work market. Most of them sought to enroll in new courses and one of them opened up her own business. They complained, with regard to the course, that there should be an intensification of the practical classes, but seemed to be satisfied with the results and reiterate the importance of the course in various aspects: learning, reflection about themselves, about life and the community. Finally, one can summarize that the results of the program have generated the expected impact, not eliminating, however, the possibility of improvement which always exists.