Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-163). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego and San Diego State University, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed April 3, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 118-131).

Thesis (M.A.)--California State University Channel Islands, 2007. / Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in Education.. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed August 31, 2008).

Thesis (M.S.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-56).

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: As South Africa is a culturally and linguistically diverse country, there is a great need for an accurate evaluation instrument that can identify children with specific language impairment (SLI) early, regardless of their language group. The language tests that are available in South Africa are mostly available in only English or Afrikaans (see Penn 1998). In the literature four repetition tasks have been identified as potential markers of SLI: nonword repetition (Coady and Evans 2008:11), sentence repetition and digit repetition (Ziethe, Eysholdt and Doellinger 2013:1) as well as real word repetition (Dispaldro, Benelli, Marcolini and Stella 2009:941). The purpose of this study was to compare the sensitivity of these four potential markers with each other in an attempt to compile an accurate measuring instrument of SLI for Afrikaans and English. The study also aimed to collect baseline data with isiXhosa-speaking children. The participants consisted of five groups of five-year-olds: The first three groups consisted of 20 typical developing (TD) Afrikaans-, 20 TD English-, and 20 TD isiXhosa-speaking children. The fourth and fifth group consisted of five Afrikaans-speaking and five English-speaking children with SLI. All four repetition tasks were performed with both Afrikaans- and both English-speaking groups; only digit repetition and nonword repetition were performed with the isiXhosa-speaking group. Refined and graded items were (i) selected from longer lists of items that were used in the pilot study, and (ii) based on the results of the pilot study, were recorded on a CD in a recording studio. This recording served as method of presentation of the items to each participant individually during the main study. There were no statistically significant differences between the performance of the TD Afrikaans- and the TD English-speaking groups. The TD isiXhosa-speaking group, however, performed significantly better on the nonword repetition task but worse on the digit repetition task than the other two TD groups. Both groups with SLI performed poorly, and significantly poorer than their corresponding TD group, in all four of the repetition tasks. For the Afrikaans-speaking children, sentence repetition followed by real word repetition distinguished best between participants with and without SLI. Sentence repetition, followed by nonword repetition, was shown to be most sensitive in distinguishing TD children from children with SLI in the English group. The percentage sounds/words correctly repeated per word/sentence, for both the nonword repetition task and the real word repetition task, was more accurate than the raw scores for the Afrikaans- and English-speaking groups. Some items did prove to be more sensitive for the difference between the performance of the TD and the SLI groups in Afrikaans and English. These more sensitive items may be appropriate for inclusion in a screening tool for SLI for use with five-year-olds. In conclusion, the results of this study confirm all four repetition tasks to be markers of SLI. Sentence repetition and nonword repetition were more sensitive markers of SLI in English-speaking five-year-olds, with sentence repetition and real word repetition being the more sensitive markers of SLI in Afrikaans-speaking five-year-olds. The isiXhosa-speaking group performed similarly to the Afrikaans- and English-speaking groups in the nonword repetition- and digit repetition tasks. Based on these results, recommendations are made regarding the content and presentation mode of a screening test comprising repetition tasks for the identification of possible SLI in Afrikaans- and English-speaking children. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Aangesien Suid-Afrika ‘n kultureel en linguisties diverse land is, is daar ‘n groot behoefte aan ‘n metingsinstrument wat kinders met spesifieke taalgestremdheid (STG) , uit alle taalgroepe, vroegtydig en akkuraat kan identifiseer. Die taaltoetse wat wel in Suid-Afrika gebruik kan word, is bykans slegs in Afrikaans of Engels beskikbaar (kyk Penn 1998). In die literatuur is daar vier herhalingstake geïdentifiseer wat potensiële merkers van STG kan wees: onsinwoordherhaling (Coady en Evans 2008:11), sinsherhaling en getalherhaling (Ziethe, Eysholdt en Doellinger 2013:1) asook regtewoordherhaling (Dispaldro, Benelli, Marcolini en Stella 2009:941). Die doel van hierdie studie was om die sensitiwiteit van hierdie vier potensiële merkers met mekaar te vergelyk in ‘n poging om ‘n akkurate metingsinstrument van STG vir Afrikaans en Engels op te stel. Basislyndata oor herhaling deur isiXhosasprekende kinders is ook in hierdie studie ingesamel. Die deelnemers het uit vyf groepe vyfjariges bestaan. Die eerste drie groepe was 20 tipies ontwikkelende (TO) Afrikaans-, 20 TO Engels-, en 20 TO isiXhosasprekendes. Die vierde en vyfde groep het uit vyf Afrikaanssprekende- en vyf Engelsprekende kinders met STG bestaan. Al vier herhalingstake is met die twee Afrikaans- en die twee Engelssprekende groepe uitgevoer; slegs getalherhaling en onsinwoordherhaling is met die isiXhosasprekende groep uitgevoer. Verfynde en gegradeerde items geselekteer (i) uit die langer itemlyste gebruik in die loodsstudie en (ii) op grond van die loosstudieresultate, is op CD opgeneem in ‘n klankateljee, en dié opname is gebruik as die metode van aanbieding van die items aan elke deelnemer individueel tydens die hoofstudie. Daar is geen statisties beduidende verskil tussen die prestasie van die TO Afrikaans- en TO Engelssprekende-groepe gevind nie. Die TO isiXhosa-sprekende groep het egter beter as hierdie twee groepe gepresteer in onsinwoordherhaling maar swakker in getalherhaling. Die twee STG-groepe het beide swak, en beduidend swakker as hul ooreenstemmende TO-groep, op alle herhalingstake gevaar. Vir Afrikaanssprekendes het sinsherhaling, gevolg deur regtewoordherhaling, die beste tussen die deelnemers met en sonder STG onderskei, terwyl die mees sensitiewe take vir die Engelssprekende deelnemers sinsherhaling gevolg deur onsinwoordherhaling was. Persentasie klanke/woorde korrek herhaal per woord/sin was in die geval van onsinwoordherhalings- en regtewoordherhalingstake vir beide Afrikaans en Engels meer akkuraat as wat roupunttellings was. Sommige items in elk van die herhalingstake was beide vir Engels en Afrikaans meer sensitief vir die verskil tussen die prestasies van die TO- en STG-groepe. Hierdie meer sensitiewe items mag toepaslik wees vir insluiting in ʼn siftingstoets vir STG vir gebruik met vyfjariges. Opsommend: Die resulate bevestig al vier herhalingstake as merkers van STG. Sinsherhaling en onsinwoordherhaling is meer sensitiewe merkers van STG vir Engelssprekende vyfjariges, met sinsherhaling en regtewoordherhaling wat meer sensitiewe merkers van STG vir Afrikaanssprekende vyfjariges is. Die isiXhosasprekende groep het soortgelyk aan die Afrikaans- en Engelssprekende groepe ten opsigte van onsinwoordherhaling en getalherhaling presteer. Op grond van die resultate word aanbevelings gemaak vir die inhoud en aanbeidingswyse van ‘n siftingstoets bestaande uit herhalingstake vir die identifisering van moontlike STG in Afrikaans- en Engelssprekende kinders.

Submitted by SANDRA LUCIA PETRILLO (sandrapetrillo.longlife@gmail.com) on 2017-12-11T17:56:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Mestrado_Sandra_Petrillo.pdf: 5408729 bytes, checksum: 260301e7ac6761c455f3e28f08f23ac3 (MD5) / Submitted by SANDRA LUCIA PETRILLO (sandrapetrillo.longlife@gmail.com) on 2017-12-11T18:47:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Mestrado_Sandra_Petrillo.pdf: 5408729 bytes, checksum: 260301e7ac6761c455f3e28f08f23ac3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Pizzani null (luciana@btu.unesp.br) on 2017-12-12T16:04:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 petrillo_sl_me_bot.pdf: 5408729 bytes, checksum: 260301e7ac6761c455f3e28f08f23ac3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-12T16:04:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 petrillo_sl_me_bot.pdf: 5408729 bytes, checksum: 260301e7ac6761c455f3e28f08f23ac3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-14 / Objetivo: Avaliar desempenho do teste de rastreio Memory Impairment Screen (MIS) para a triagem diagnóstica da Demência na Doença de Alzheimer (DDA). Casuística e método: Estudo de acurácia realizado no Ambulatório de Geriatria do Centro de Saúde Escola da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – Unesp. Casuística de 126 pacientes idosos, sendo aplicado o teste de avaliação cognitiva MIS, utilizando-se como padrão ouro os critérios diagnósticos da DDA propostos por Frota. O valor diagnóstico foi analisado pelo cálculo da sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos (positivo e negativo) e razão de verossimilhança positiva e negativa. A curva ROC foi traçada para contribuir na avaliação do desempenho do MIS no diagnóstico da DDA. Resultados: Foram avaliados 126 idosos com média de idade de 71,6 + 7,8 anos, maioria do sexo feminino (65,9%) e com 1 a 4 anos de estudo (40%). A presença do diagnóstico de Doença de Alzheimer foi observada em 18 (14,3%) dos idosos avaliados. O teste de rastreio cognitivo pelo MIS apresentou valor de sensibilidade de 72,2%, especificidade de 83,3%, valor preditivo positivo de 41,9% e negativo de 94,7% e razões de verossimilhanças positiva de 433 e negativa de 33,3. A área sob a curva ROC foi de 0,78 (IC 95%, 0,65-0,9). Conclusão: O presente estudo evidenciou a aplicabilidade do teste MIS e sua eficácia no diagnóstico das alterações cognitivas em pacientes idosos, com valores significativos de sensibilidade e especificidade; apresentou vantagens de rapidez, fácil aplicabilidade e interpretação; independente de cultura, linguagem e escolaridade. O MIS oferece vantagens importantes como teste de rastreio para uso em cuidados primários a saúde, sendo necessário estudos complementares que possam indicar o uso isolado deste teste para exclusão de demência. / Objective: To evaluate the performance of the Memory Impairment Screen (MIS) for the diagnostic screening of Dementia in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Methods: Accuracy study performed at the Geriatrics Outpatient Clinic of the School Health Center of Botucatu Medical School - Unesp. A total of 126 elderly patients were enrolled, and the MIS cognitive evaluation test was applied, using the AD diagnostic criteria proposed by Frota as the gold standard. The diagnostic value was analyzed by the calculation of sensitivity, specificity, predictive values (positive and negative) and positive and negative likelihood ratio. The ROC curve was drawn to contribute to the evaluation of MIS performance in the diagnosis of AD. Results: A total of 126 elderly individuals with a mean age of 71.6 ± 7.8 years, most of them female (65.9%) and 1 to 4 years of education (40%) were evaluated. The presence of the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease was observed in 18 (14.3%) of the elderly evaluated. The MIS cognitive screening test showed a sensitivity of 72.2%, specificity of 83.3%, positive predictive value of 41.9% and negative of 94.7% and likelihood ratio of 433 and negative of 33,3. The area under the ROC curve was 0,78 (95% CI, 0.65-0.9). Conclusion: The present study evidenced the applicability of the MIS test and its efficacy in the diagnosis of cognitive alterations in elderly patients, with significant values of sensitivity and specificity; Presented advantages of speed, easy applicability and interpretation; Independent of culture, language and schooling. MIS offers important advantages as a screening test for use in primary health care, and further studies are needed to indicate the use of this test alone to exclude dementia.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ZulmarJSJ.pdf: 2625494 bytes, checksum: efe5dbffc3b1f43f1694c44cdaf3d6a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-13 / This study aims to propose a computing device mechanism which is capable to permit a tactile communication between individuals with visual impairment (blindness or low vision) through the Internet or through a local area network (LAN - Local Network Address). The work was developed under the research projects that currently are realized in the LAI (Laboratory of Integrated Accessibility) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. This way, the research was done in order to involve a prototype capable to recognize geometries by students considered blind from the Institute of Education and Rehabilitation of Blind of Rio Grande do Norte (IERC-RN), located in Alecrim neighborhood, Natal/RN. Besides this research, another prototype was developed to test the communication via a local network and Internet. To analyze the data, a qualitative and quantitative approach was used through simple statistical techniques, such as percentages and averages, to support subjective interpretations. The results offer an analysis of the extent to which the implementation can contribute to the socialization and learning of the visually impaired. Finally, some recommendations are suggested for the development of future researches in order to facilitate the proposed mechanism. / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo propor um dispositivo computacional capaz de permitir a comunica??o t?til entre indiv?duos com defici?ncia visual (cegueira ou baixa vis?o) atrav?s da Internet ou de uma rede local (LAN Local Adress Network). O trabalho foi desenvolvido no ?mbito dos projetos de pesquisas que atualmente s?o realizados no LAI (Laborat?rio de Acessibilidade Integrada) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Assim, realizou-se uma pesquisa, envolvendo um determinado prot?tipo capaz de reconhecer geometrias, com alunos considerados cegos legais, do Instituto de Educa??o e Reabilita??o de Cegos do Rio Grande do Norte (IERC-RN), localizado no bairro do Alecrim, cidade de Natal. Paralelamente, foi desenvolvido outro prot?tipo, testando a comunica??o via rede local e Internet. Para analisar os dados, utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, por meio de t?cnicas estat?sticas simples, como percentuais e m?dias, para apoiar interpreta??es subjetivas. Os resultados oferecem uma an?lise de at? que ponto a aplica??o pode contribuir para a socializa??o e aprendizado dos deficientes visuais, e por fim, s?o sugeridas algumas recomenda??es em termos de desenvolvimento de pesquisas futuras no intuito de viabilizar o dispositivo proposto.

Submitted by ANTONIO DA SILVA MENDONÇA null (tonymendoncinha@hotmail.com) on 2016-01-22T03:29:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado_Antonio da Silva Mendonça.pdf: 2601605 bytes, checksum: 562d719c1ce663f9c2b34cf6b05642aa (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-01-25T15:20:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mendonça_as_me_prud_par.pdf: 1006886 bytes, checksum: d88f93543cb3408b57b645b74eb6920f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T15:20:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mendonça_as_me_prud_par.pdf: 1006886 bytes, checksum: d88f93543cb3408b57b645b74eb6920f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Cada vez mais professores do Ensino Médio se deparam com desafios em sua rotina de como de ensinar Física para pessoas com deficiência visual. O processo de inclusão vem crescendo, mas não tem sido acompanhado pela devida formação desses profissionais, que na maioria das vezes, não sabem como lidar e desenvolver atividades diversificadas que, de fato, incluam esse público no ambiente escolar. A inclusão é uma tarefa complexa que vai muito além de manter alunos cegos ou com baixa visão nas salas regulares convivendo com os demais alunos. Segundo alguns referenciais é possível ensinar Física a alunos deficientes visuais, desde que algumas precauções sejam tomadas, como o uso de adaptações em equipamentos que levem o aluno deficiente a construir significado daquilo que está sendo estudado através de outros sentidos como, por exemplo, o tato. O desenvolvimento de metodologias alternativas para o ensino de alunos cegos ou com baixa visão é muito importante para a melhoria da qualidade do ensino oferecido. Sendo assim, este estudo visa através de entrevistas intermediadas por questionários inicial e final, saber o que alunos com deficiência visual pensam e avaliam dos materiais (maquetes) construída com materiais de fácil acesso para trabalharem as Leis de Kepler. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta Dissertação de Mestrado está relacionado à avaliação que os alunos com deficiência visual podem fazer dos materiais construídos, saber deles se os materiais são perceptivos, se são acessíveis tatilmente, se as dimensões são adequadas e se os conceitos podem ser construídos com auxílio da maquete. / More and more high school teachers are faced with challenges in their routine on physics teaching to people with visual impairment. The inclusion process is growing, but has not been accompanied by proper formation of these professionals who most often do not know how to handle and develop diversified activities that, in fact, include this public in the school environment. Inclusion is a complex task that goes far beyond keeping blind or low vision students in regular rooms in getting along with other students. According to some references it is possible to teach Physics to visually impaired students, as long as certain precautions are taken, such as using adaptations in equipment that take the visually impaired student to construct meaning of what is being studied by other senses, for example, the tact. In this sense, the development of alternative methodologies for teaching blind students and low vision is very important for improving the quality of education offered. Thus, this study aims through interviews carried out through initial and final questionnaires, know what students with visual impairment think and evaluate about the materials (models) built with easily and accessible materials to work Kepler's Laws. In this sense, the objective of this Master's Dissertation is related to the assessment that students with visual impairments can make about the materials built, know them if the materials are perceptive, if they are accessible tactually, if the dimensions are adequate and if the concepts can be constructed with model’s help.

En 2010, plus de 200 000 personnes dans le monde en étaient équipées, dont plus de 10 000 en France (adultes et enfants). La technologie utilisée pour les premiers implants commercialisés au milieu des années 1980 a beaucoup évolué et l’implant cochléaire permet désormais à son utilisateur d’avoir accès à des caractéristiques acoustiques de plus en plus précises des sons de son environnement et notamment des sons de parole. Cependant, l’information auditive fournie par l’implant reste limitée, ce qui a pour conséquence des difficultés persistantes de production de certains sons de parole par l’utilisateur d’implant cochléaire, même après plusieurs années d’utilisation. Ces difficultés de production peuvent se traduire également par une intelligibilité moindre, et peuvent avoir des répercussions sur les relations familiales et sociales, en particulier chez l’enfant.Les études disponibles dans la littérature se concentrent sur les effets et les bénéfices à court-terme de l’implant cochléaire chez l’enfant, et il existe relativement peu d’études de production de parole chez l’enfant en âge scolaire, en particulier chez l’enfant francophone. L’objectif de ce travail est donc de proposer une évaluation des difficultés de production de plusieurs contrastes phonologiques chez l’enfant sourd, porteur d’implant cochléaire, plusieurs années après l’implantation cochléaire, et des facteurs qui influencent son intelligibilité.Dans le cadre de notre thèse, nous avons constitué un corpus de productions de parole de 13 enfants âgés de 6;6 à 10;7 ans, atteints de surdité pré- ou périlinguistique, ayant reçu un implant cochléaire entre 1;1 et 6;6 ans, et l’utilisant depuis plus d’un an et de 20 enfants normo-entendants appariés en âge chronologique (de 5;7 à 10;6 ans).Dans un premier temps, nous avons comparé les caractéristiques acoustiques des voyelles orales, des occlusives et des fricatives du français, ainsi que la réalisation de la coarticulation dans des séquences occlusive-voyelle par ces deux groupes d’enfants. Les résultats montrent une grande proximité entre les productions des enfants typiques et implantés, et certaines différences, par exemple sur les voyelles antérieures arrondies, les fricatives alvéolaires et les occlusives vélaires. Ces différences peuvent s’expliquer par les caractéristiques technologiques de l’implant et son usage par l’enfant, et révèlent également le poids des différents facteurs du développement phonologique : contraintes articulatoires, contraintes perceptives, caractéristiques de l’input langagier et de la langue maternelle.Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons élaboré une méthode d’évaluation perceptive de l’intelligibilité de la parole, que nous avons soumise à 9 auditeurs experts en parole pathologique et à 17 auditeurs naïfs, tous francophones. Notre étude perceptive d’intelligibilité met en évidence 1) une absence d’effet d’expertise sur le jugement d’intelligibilité puisque les notes données par les auditeurs experts et naïfs sont corrélées, 2) un effet de l’audition sur l’intelligibilité, puisque les enfants sourds porteurs d’implant cochléaire sont jugés moins intelligibles que les enfants normo-entendants, et 3) une meilleure intelligibilité chez les enfants implantés précocement (avant 20 mois) mais pas d’effet de la durée d’utilisation de l’implant cochléaire sur l’intelligibilité.Ce travail montre donc le bénéfice apporté par l’implant pour la communication orale, mais aussi l’existence de difficultés persistantes, qui doivent être prises en compte dans la rééducation et l’accompagnement familial, scolaire et social des enfants.Notre étude fournit en outre un ensemble de données de référence sur le développement phonologique tardif des enfants francophones, et un corpus de parole utilisable pour d’autres travaux de recherche sur le développement typique et pathologique. / As of 2010, cochlear implant has been used by over 200 000 persons (adults and children) worldwide and by 10 000 persons in France. Technology has largely improved since the first devices were put on the market in the 1980’s, and it now provides its user with more and more detailed acoustical information about the sounds of their environment in general, and about speech sounds in particular. However, perception with a cochlear implant remains limited, which leads to persisting difficulties in producing some speech sounds, even after several years of implant use. These difficulties in speech production can translate into a lower intelligibility, with effects on interactions with family and community members for its users, especially for children.A large body of studies in the literature focusses on short-term effects and gains of cochlear implant for young children and infants, but fewer studies in speech production in school-age children are available, especially in French-speaking children. The goal of this project is to assess the difficulties in the production of selected phonological contrasts in cochlear-implanted children, several years after cochlear implantation, and the factors influencing their intelligibility.For this thesis, we recorded thirteen 6;6-to-10;7 year old, pre- or perilinguistically deaf children wearing cochlear implants since they were 1;1 to 6;6 years old, with more than a year of use, and twenty normal-hearing age-matched children (chronological age ranging from 5;7 to 10;6 years).In a first experiment, we compared the acoustical characteristics of ten oral vowels, six stops and three fricatives of French. We also studied the realization of coarticulation in plosive-vowel sequences in these two groups of children.Our results show a high degree of similarity in typical and implant using children, and several differences, for example, for front rounded vowels, alveolar fricatives and velar stops. These differences can be explained by the implant’s technology and its use by the child. They also show the importance of several factors in phonological development: articulatory constraints, perceptual constraints, characteristics of language input and mother tongue.In a second experiment, we designed a method to perceptually assess the intelligibility of speech: 9 expert and 17 naïve French-speaking listeners participated in this experiment.Our perceptual assessment of intelligibility shows 1) no effect of expertise since grades given by expert and naïve listeners are correlated, 2) an effect of hearing level on intelligibility since cochlear-implanted children are less intelligible than their normal-hearing peers, and 3) a better intelligibility in early implanted children (before 20 months) but no effect of duration of implant use on intelligibility.This work emphasizes the benefits for oral communication provided by cochlear implants, but also the remaining difficulties, that need to be taken into acount for rehabilitation and support from the child’s family, school and society.Our study also provides both reference data on late stages of phonological development in French-speaking children, and a corpus of speech production which can be used for further research on typical and pathological speech development.

Esta dissertação tem como intenção desenvolver uma proposta metodológica de adaptação e desenvolvimento de Objetos de Aprendizagem Acessíveis. Essa proposta metodológica define passo a passo o desenvolvimento do OA Acessível, seguindo o desenvolvimento de software orientado a objetos numa perspectiva inclusiva. Após a criação dessa proposta metodológica, foram feitas validações do OAA com sujeitos cegos e com limitação visual. No decorrer do texto, apresentamos as etapas de desenvolvimento do OA acessível, assim como as considerações finais do trabalho. / This methodological proposal defines step by step the development of an Accessible LO following the development of object oriented software in an inclusive perspective. After the creation of this methodological proposal, were made validations of the Accessible LO with blind subjects and with visual impairment. Throughout the text we present the development stages of the Accessible LO as well as the final considerations of the work.