What is home, and why are we drawn to spaces which elicit this feeling within us? Why is it that we are immediately able to achieve a type of rapport with some spaces, while others remain indifferent to us? What is it about home that makes it such a special place? These are questions that would give pause to many designers. We spend so much time learning about the history of architecture, the science of buildings, and the economics of development, but how many of us can say with certainty that they can make a space in which an individual will feel at home? Can we tell our clients, in no uncertain terms, that we know how to make their lives better through design? The thesis seeks to establish the importance of the concept of home to our development as individuals and our ongoing psychological and physical well being, as well as demonstrate the connection between what recent psychological study has found to make us feel comfortable or “at home”, and factors over which architects hold sway. While previously thought of as ethereal, the feeling and space of home are too important to continue to allow their creation be left to chance. Research, both empirical and otherwise has granted us knowledge of how individuals communicate with spaces, and we are thus able to create spaces which will be more in tune with our entire being. It is our responsibility to use this knowledge to the benefit of our clients and the credibility of our profession.

The late Arthur Silver Morton has contributed immensely to our understanding and preservation of western Canadian history. One of Mortons joys was locating remains of long forgotten fur trade posts. As a result, a large number of the Saskatchewan fur trade posts that we know of were located and recorded by Morton. The majority of Mortons investigations took place throughout the 1930s and 1940s. Morton consulted whatever historic sources were available to him at the time: numerous historic documents, ethnographic accounts and local histories.<p> There has been archaeological evidence that suggests Morton misidentified numerous fur trade post sites. For example, research at the Hudsons Bay Companys South Branch House (1786-1794), which Morton identified in 1944, has sparked some controversy as to whether or not it is that particular post. As a result, this provides the author with an excellent chance to examine how Morton identified Saskatchewan fur trade posts and to determine through archaeological excavations and historical documents the accuracy of Mortons historical site designation at South Branch House.<p> A critical approach to Mortons work will determine how accurate his work is for contemporary archaeological investigations of fur trade posts. Furthermore, this thesis may provide historical archaeologists with insights as to how to go about identifying fur trade posts, which will contribute to our overall understanding of the western Canadian fur trade.

The aim for this bachelor thesis is to find an answer for the placement of Migration and Vendel period graves on preexisting house constructions in Sweden. The reason behind these graves being built on their respective places will be analyzed, discussed and compared with similar finds in Scandinavia, where a wide contact net had been established during this time. Different kinds of social and religious meanings and functions with the grave mounds will also be taken into consideration during the discussion and analysis. The actual findings in the graves will be not be a part of this thesis, as the aim is to focus more on the grave itself as a cultural and social symbol for the people, and the values it had, during the time period it was built.

After the open-door policy, those nearly disappeared religions during the Cultural Revolution were arising again in mainland China. Chinese communist government, at the same time, proposed the religious policy, amended the Constitution to make the freedom of religious belief into the Constitution, and enacted the religious regulations. However, Christian house churches were often persecuted by Chinese communist government with illegal reasons. The goal of religious legal system is to achieve the freedom of religious belief, so, why did the religious persecution continue happening in China? Does the legal system need to be amended? That¡¦s the background of this research. This research uses the five major frameworks of administrative law, which includes administrative principles, administrative organization, limitation of administrative power, administrative remedy, and administrative supervision, to exam the operation of the legal system of the Christian house church management in China. Both document analysis and historical narration are the main research method to figure out what are Chinese communist government¡¦s considerations about ruling house church and what are house church¡¦s claims and requests toward the government. As a result, according to the five major frameworks of administrative law whether there are any improvements on¡§the legal system of Christian house church management in mainland China¡¨, and also to provide suggestions to achieve the goal that is protecting the freedom of religious belief and maintain the order of management at the same time. In this research through the five major frameworks of administrative law, the Chinese coummnist government insists the religious organizations must obey the Chinese communist party and the government, which is the base of proceeding religious government and legislation. As a result, only the patriotic religious organizations are legal; the rights of governmental supervision are too strong; the freedom of religious belief was restricted. Christian house church insists the freedom of religious belief should not be interfered by politics. This has made the house churches illegal, and enforces a ban of house churches. The Chinese communist government and Christian house churches had been lacking of communication for a long time, and the government strictly monitors religious organizations. In responding to the external pressure, the house churches developed certain ways to survive that made it even more difficult for the government to manage. This situation highlighted the recent legal system of religious management unsuitable for the house churches. The Chinese communist government should re-exam their policy on house church management, readjust policy thoughts and amending the legal system, and ensure protection of the freedom of religious belief.

Facing to the competition of global economic market,an enterprise have to get more chance of transaction with customers for the expansion in market,with the more frequent business,the more rich cash transaction will happen between company and company.And an enterprise surely need to have a good cash management system to help the people control the fund flow inside the enterprise,and people can dispatch the fund.We can rapidly and conveniently get the information about transaction by the E-Process and it will help the people to complete their job immediately. However,follow the change in our environment,or the replacement on government policy and the improvement on company strategy,the E-Process might be some flaw now and it create many trouble while a staff is doing jobs.In my research,there is a object to visit all the related people inside or outside the enterprise,in this way,I will collect the demand and suggestion about the cash process now,and find out a plan to solute the questions. The Accounts Payable is a important item in the company,it will appear when business action get into customer or supplier,also employee can get into it.For rapidly handling the Accounts Payable,accountants usually have their own opinion when using the E-Process.By recording the demand from accountants and to produce functions with process reengineering,and finally create a financial E-Process platform by QFD, this can be a reference to the top manager.

Abstract The research compares the efficiency of particle removal from exhaust of ritual money burning by an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and a bag-house filter (BH), both have a capacity of around 30-35 Am3/min. A stainless steel chamber of 0.6 m in diameter and 1.0 m in height was used for the ritual money burning. Combustion gas from the chamber was cooled to 300-400oC by mixing with a certain proportion of ambient air and further cooled to around 100-130oC by a fin tube gas cooler before entering either to the ESP or the BH. Results indicate that TSP in the influent gas could be reduced from 6-392 (average 83) to 1-143 (average 22) mg/Nm3 by the ESP with gas velocities of 5-10 cm/s at 100-120 oC through the spacing between collecting plates. TSP emission factors of 0.0295-9.94 (average ¡Ó standard deviation = 1.81¡Ó2.25) and 0.031-3.36 (average ¡Ó standard deviation = 0.27¡Ó0.26) g/(kg combusted ritual money), respectively, were obtained before and after the ESP filtration. Although the ESP had an initial TSP removal of 80-99%, the performance dropped in a few operation hours because of a fouling of the plate surfaces by the collected fume dusts. Cleaning of the plate surfaces helped in the recovery of the performance, however, it dropped after a few cycles of collection and cleaning. Results from BH tests indicate that TSP in the influent gas to it could be reduced from 9-182 (average 72) to 0-12 (average 2.0) mg/Nm3 with the gas flow through the filter cloth with a velocity of 3.3 cm/s at 120-130 oC which resulted in an initial pressure drop of around 100 mmAq. It was observed that some fine dusts would escape from the cloth fiber spaces when the backwash pulse was operated. It is recommended that the backwash cycle should be minimized and trigged after the gas pressure drop over the cloth reaches up to 300 mmAq. TSP emission factors of 0.0176-1.64 (average ¡Ó standard deviation = 0.52¡Ó0.33) and 0-0.491 (average ¡Ó standard deviation = 0.02¡Ó0.05) g/(kg combusted ritual money), respectively, were obtained before and after the BH filtration. BH filtration is recommended for the TSP control in the ritual money buring. XRD(X-Ray Diffraction) examination of a bottom ash sample indicates that the ash has an elemental composition of O, Na, Al, and Si of 49.9, 11.8, 23.8, and 15.1%, respectively. SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope) analysis indicates that the collected fly ash and the bottom ash have particle sizes of 20-110 (mostly 45-60 nm) and 50-300 (average 250) nm, respectively.

Thanks for the wide application of mobile technology and the incre- asing popularization of wireless networking, a brand new business oper- ation model, which breaks out the limitation of fixed working time and space and brings more real-time and activity to life and work, is therefore brought to enterprises, and has eventually brought up the booming deve- lopment of M-commerce (Mobile Commerce). With the attribute of regard- lessness of location, and the high flexibility and mobility, people can expect that more and more diversified mobile technology applications will be available and popularized in the coming future. However, if corporations only take suggestions from mobile technology providers or consultants, but understood neither what their corporations really need, nor ignored what their users most concerns, expenditure of time and money can be resulted, and no effect can be expected. Therefore, the QFD (Quality Function Deployment) method, with its MRM (Matrix Re- lation Map) tool, is introduced as a valid methodology to help identify users¡¦ requirements, and to sketch the relationships between each step of implementation. This research also adopts ¡§qualitative single case study with multiple units of analysis¡¨ as the basic approach, and the subject of this research is a steel manufacturer. By using QFD to clarify the voice from users of their needs, entprises can realize what the users really want. And by using the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) skill to syste- matically transfer customers¡¦ requirements into design considerations, corporations can check if their capabilities can meet those voice from users, and then make practical plans that the entprises should do while implementing mobile environment. Finally, this research had, from the view of end-users, evaluated and consequently proposed a set of functions module and priority, as well as practice suggestions, for implementing mobile environment; The outcome of this research can be used as a basic for advanced study, and be adopted by corporations and industries in all areas.

The transformation of historic houses into house museums is not only a current issue within the field of museology, but also a new phenomenon for architecture. The deconstruction of the term &ldquo / house museum&rdquo / into &ldquo / house&rdquo / and &ldquo / museum&rdquo / and the meaning these terms acquire, have the potential to generate a new discussion in architecture. Besides being a physical dwelling unit, &ldquo / house&rdquo / will be interpreted as a domestic space where the inhabitants are able to personalize. A museum, on the other hand, will be approached as a modern institution reflecting issues related with historiography and aesthetics. &ldquo / Curiosity Cabinets&rdquo / as the origin of museums are re-visited for its conceptual correspondence with the house museum. Interpreting the house museum as the new curiosity cabinet, the analysis of the terms &ldquo / house&rdquo / , &ldquo / home&rdquo / , &ldquo / museum&rdquo / and &ldquo / house museum&rdquo / has the power to decipher the potentials of a spatial transformation, which renders the curiosity arousing concepts and spatial formations visible. Specific tools of architectural narrative are used to interpret selected cases, aiming to perform an integrated discussion on this architectural entity.

Community, Boundary and Identity: The House Image in Robert Frost

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely distributed in the environment and are generated by many sources. Though the potential of PAH-rich mixtures to cause health effects has been known for almost a century, there are still unanswered questions about the levels of PAHs in the environment, the potential for human exposure to PAHs, the health effects associated with exposure, and how genetic susceptibility influences the extent of health effects in individuals. The first objective of this research was to quantify concentrations of PAHs in samples of settled house dust collected from homes in Azerbaijan, China, and Texas. The trends of PAH surface loadings and percentage of carcinogenic PAHs were China > Azerbaijan > Texas, indicating that the risk of health effects from exposure to PAHs in house dust is highest in the Chinese population and lowest in the Texas population. PAHs in China and Azerbaijan were derived mainly from combustion sources; Texas PAHs were derived from unburned fossil fuels such as petroleum. The second objective of this research was to investigate the effect of pregnane X receptor (PXR) on the genotoxicity of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). BaP treatment resulted in significantly lower DNA adduct levels in PXR-transfected HepG2 cells than in parental HepG2 cells. Total GST enzymatic activity and mRNA levels of several metabolizing enyzmes were significantly higher in cells overexpressing PXR. These results suggest that PXR protects cells against DNA damage by PAHs such as BaP, possibly through a coordinated regulation of genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. The third objective of this research was to investigate biomarkers of exposure in house mice (Mus musculus) exposed to PAH mixtures in situ. Mice and soil were collected near homes in Sumgayit and Khizi, Azerbaijan. Mean liver adduct levels were significantly higher in Khizi than in Sumgayit. Mean lung and kidney adduct levels were similar in the two regions. The DNA lesions detected may be a combination of environmentally-induced DNA adducts and naturally-occurring I-compounds. PAHs were present at background levels in soils from both Khizi and Sumgayit. It appears that health risks posed to rodents by soil-borne PAHs are low in these two areas.