<p>När informationssystem ska utvecklas handlar det om att välja den systemtyp som lämpar sig allra bästa för uppgifterna. Främsta handlar det om att välja mellan COTS och in-house. Idag finns det inga modeller som avhandlar det specifika valet av systemtyp. Detta innebär att valet av system i många fall sker på ren chans.</p><p>Bristen på modeller och hjälpmedel för val av systemtyp innebär således att det uppstått en kunskapslucka som resultatet från arbetet är tänkt att fylla. I arbetet presenteras en modell för hur valet av systemtyp bör ske, vilken kombinerar befintlig teori inom området samt kompletterar med nytt. Framtagningen av modellen har baserats på litteraturstudier men även observationer samt intervjuer, utförda på ett företag som står inför utmaningen att välja just systemtyp. Modellen har sedan testats för att avgöra dess kvalitet. Resultatet visar att modellen med fördel kan användas vid valet av systemtyp, den bistår utvecklare med riktlinjer över arbetet bakom valet av systemtyp bör föras.</p>

<p>One of mankind’s most important needs is the need for shelter. All around the world people live in lack of this basic need. Colombia is a South American country heavily burdened by civil war for many years. This has led to that many people have moved to the larger cities with large slum areas and bad living conditions. This thesis is aiming to give a solution to the problem with bad housing and it is performed in cooperation with Ankarstiftelsen. Ankarstiftelsen is a Swedish charity organisation that works with the suffering people in various places in Colombia.</p><p>This thesis examines the possibility to build a house in a sandwich technique with a core of rigid plastic foam and a skin material of fibre reinforced plastic. The construction should be as easy as possible to manufacture, and the construction is also intended to be self carrying. The final proposition is to build the house using polyurethane rigid foam as the core, and a glass fibre reinforced polyester as the skin. This combination combines good mechanical behaviour with a relatively low price.</p><p>Tests have been performed to evaluate the constructions ability to withstand some basic loads, with the help of computer aided engineering. The program that has been used to create a model is ProEngineer, and the application ProMechanica has been used to perform the analysis. The loads that have been tested are: gravity loads, wind loads, maintenance loads and earthquake loads.  Colombia is located in the so called Pacific Ring of Fire, where earthquakes are a bitter reality.  The Colombian building code is, as a result of this, much focused on the issue of earthquake safety. The Colombian building code has been used in order to create reliable earthquake testing models.</p><p>The authors come to the conclusion that the house is possible to build with the given data. However, further investigations regarding manufacturing techniques and practical tests have to be made before the house can be built in reality.</p>

<p>The purpose of the thesis was to study price differentials of housing in and outside of Swedish cities. When doing so, the average price of detached houses in every Swedish municipality and city was taken. The prices were based on the purchasing sum (köpeskillinen) while the investigated time period was 1995 and 2005. To separate between the different areas in Sweden, the country itself was divided into two separate regions; south, and north. South was used twice, once with the three major city areas (Stockholm, Göteborg and Malmö/Lund) included and once when they were not. Within each region two groups of locations could be differentiated; economic centres (Stockholm as an example) and sub-municipalities (Danderyd as an example). Economic centers represented “in cities” and sub-municipalities “outside of cities”. In addition to the main purpose, we also wanted to examine what variables that are affecting the price of housing. Therefore; according to our theoretical background, income, working opportunities and availability of teachers were the important factors.</p><p>The empirical analysis signified that there is a clear average price differential between economic centers and sub-municipalities in all three regions. Detached houses in economic centers have become more expensive relative to sub-municipalities. The largest difference can be observed in the three major city areas, where the most extreme price changes have occurred. Consequently, it can be said that working opportunities had the foremost effect on house prices in the majority of our research areas. It was also found that income had a significant influence at several locations. Teachers per 100 students had on the other hand little or no effect at all on house prices. Moreover, where it was significant it affected houses prices negatively.</p>

<p> </p><p>This bachelor thesis examines the credit market behaviour in the Scandinavian countries (Sweden, Finland, Denmark and Norway), post financial liberalization, during the late 1980´s and early 1990´s. The explanatory variables used to determine bank lending are the time lags of bank lending, property prices, GDP and interest rates.</p><p>The variables’ impact on bank lending is tested and displayed by using an OLS model,presented by Goodhart and Hofmann (2007), and descriptive statistics.</p><p>The rolling OLS regressions show that during times of financial liberalization, property prices had an increased effect on real bank lending in Sweden and Finland. The same investigation method supports that although positive, property prices’ effect on lending did not increase in Norway and Denmark. Even so, investigations suggest that one should be careful to assume too many similarities between the countries in the causing factors of the crises. The crises occurred roughly during the same time, and the geographical connection is obvious, however each country’s individual factors differed from each other.</p><p> </p>

<p>This thesis is an attempt to address issues of housingtransformation in informal settlements. Transformation ofhouses is seen to be associated with modernisation forceswhereby people adapt their houses to suit their needs anddesires. On one hand the desire to own a“modernhouse”may lead to deterioration of spatial qualities, onthe other hand fulfilment of the desire may contribute to themodernisation of urban settlements. The informal settlement ofHanna Nassif was chosen as a case study to illustrate theprocess of housing transformations in informal settlement.Knowledge on the transformation processes serves as animportant tool to address issues of spatial qualities, housingmodernisation, actors in the processes of transformation anduse of space.</p><p>The results show that there is a wide range oftransformation activities that have been taking place in termsof extensions and alterations. The desire to modernise theirhouses impels developers to use modern building materials. Insome instances houses constructed with traditional buildingmaterials are replaced with industrially produced materials.Through transformation processes new house types emerge. Thestudy identifies problems as well as positive aspectsassociated with the whole process of housing transformation.The positive aspects are those of increased indoor space,increase of rooms for renting and in other cases separation offunctions. The problems emerging from this process include:decrease of outdoor space, increase of housing density,blockage of ventilation and light in the transformedhouses.</p><p>The study concludes that housing transformation being oneway in which lowincome earners strive to get access to housingdeserves government support, particularly in the absence ofalternative housing supply. It is further observed that todatemany urban dwellers have managed to secure housing as a directresult of house extensions effected by house owners. The houseextensions are being carried out outside the established formalplanning regulations. It is in the light of these developmentsthat there is a cause for government intervention to guidehousing development processes in informal settlements.Professionals like planners and architects should also assume arole for quality and sustainability to prevail. The study alsosuggests specific problem areas for further investigation.</p><p><b>Key words:</b>Tanzania, housing transformation, informalsettlements, modernisation, spatial qualities and housetypes.</p>

Thesis--Universiteit van Amsterdam. / "Stellingen" : [3] p. inserted. Includes bibliographical references (p. 205-209).

Issued also as thesis, Göttingen. / Bibliography: p. 196-202.

Thesis (M.A.)--Denver Seminary, 2002. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-74).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 2001. / Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-125).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Trinity International University, 2002. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-110).