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A degree project has been carried out at Motion Control, Västerås. The degree project “Grafisk Skärm för Inbyggda System” have developed a first prototype of an embedded system with a display, a graphical user interface with touchscreen and possibilities to communicate with external units. The work initiated with surveys of critical components. A technical specification for the desired end product was developed. With the technical specification as support, design specifications for hardware and firmware were developed. After the specifications were done, a circuit diagram was developed and a circuit board was made. The components were mounted by hand. After testing and correction of the construction the project has resulted in a first prototype. The prototype meets a lot of the desired requirements for a completed end product. The prototype can display the graphical user interface with good quality, has a working touchscreen and possibilities to receive external communication. Any processing of the external communication was not implemented. The prototype has a good foundation for further development.

Målet med examensarbetet var att undersöka om det var möjligt att genomett kompatibilitetsbibliotek se till att Eneas realtidsoperativsystem OSEckkan uppfylla kraven i operativsystemsstandarden OSEK.OSEck visade sig tillhandahålla all efterfrågad funktionalitet och ett kompatibilitetsbiblioteksom innehöll OSEK’s API kunde därmed implementeras.Ett verktyg togs fram för att utifrån en fil, innehållandes objekt beskrivna iOSEK’s konfigurationsspråk OIL, plocka ut den information som behövdesf¨or att konfigurera både OSEck och OSEK. Slutsatsen av examensarbetet blev att det gick att göra OSEck OSEKkompatibeltgenom ett yttre lager och att inga ändringar i OSEck’s kärnavar nödvändiga. Givetvis påverkar lagret operativsystemets prestanda negativtmen det får ändå anses att dess prestanda fortfarande är så pass braatt en integration i OSEck’s kärna ej behövs.För att ett operativsystem ska kunna göras OSEK-kompatibelt måste detha prioritetsbaserad schemaläggning samt att task som blir avbrutna hamnarförst i sin prioritetskö. Dessutom måste det vara möjligt att exekverakod precis innan ett task börjar köra för första gången eftersom det skafinnas stöd för en PreTaskHook.

The number of electronic control units in heavy-duty vehicles has grown dramatically overthe last few decades. This has led to the use of communication buses to reduce the complexityand weight of the networks. There are reasons to believe that the de facto standardcommunication interface in the automotive industry, the Controller Area Network, is obsoletein some areas. Hence an evaluation of available communication interfaces is needed.This study focuses on lower levels of the Open Systems Interconnect (osi) model. Initially atheoretical study is presented in order to give an overview of automotive embedded systemsin general and different communication interfaces in particular. Ethernet and FlexRay areidentified as two interfaces of interest for future use in Scanias vehicles. The former is new inautomotive applications but is believed to become popular over the years to come. A possibleuse of this interface could be as a backbone to take the load off other interfaces. The use ofFlexRay in Scanias vehicles is limited because of the modular system used and the staticscheduling needed. It could however be used between mandatory ecus where the nodes andthe messages are all known beforehand.The report also contains the result from emission measurements on a number of interfacesperformed using a stripline antenna in a shielded enclosure. Strong conclusions can not bedrawn since it’s hard to tell what the transceivers, circuit boards and interfaces contributedto in the spectra with the method used. The FlexRay hardware is worse than for the otherinterfaces. Similarities can be seen between low-speed and high-speed can but it could becharacteristics of the transceivers used rather than the interface itself.

Diss. Västerås : Mälardalens högskola, 2007. / S. 153-[169]: Bibliografi.

Microsoft lanserade Windows 10 i mitten av 2015. Windows 10 är en serie operativ-system med flera versioner anpassade för många olika användningsområden. Windows 10 IoT Enterprise är en av versionerna inriktade på olika typer av inbyggda system. Vid anpassning utefter miljö kan delar av operativsystemet därför låsas ned och begränsas. För konfiguration av Windows 10 finns både gamla och nya verktyg tillgängliga. I detta projekt görs en undersökning av nedlåsnings- och anpassningsmöjligheter, samt konfigurationsverktyg med fokus på Windows 10 IoT Enterprise. De verktyg som har använts är Microsofts helt nya Windows Imaging and Configuration Designer, men även det lite äldre Windows System Image Manager. Med och utan hjälp av dessa verktyg har flera konfigurationsmöjligheter undersökts. Detta inkluderar bl.a. användar- och applikationsbegränsningar, branding (mjukvarumässig produktmärk-ning), och utseendeanpassningar. Utöver detta behandlas även framtagandet av färdig-konfigurerade Windows-avbildningar ytligt. Projektet har bestått av åtskilliga tester, främst baserade på Microsofts egna dokumentation. Majoriteten av de möjligheter och konfigurationer som har undersökts har visat sig fungerande och någorlunda lättanvända. En fungerande funktion har endast bedömts som sådan om denna uppfyller de beskrivningar Microsoft själva har givit ut. Detta utan att för den sakens skull förstöra andra delar av systemet. I slutändan beskriver resultaten till stor del funktioner som finns och fungerar, men inte i vilka praktiska scenarier dessa lämpar sig för användning. Vid konfiguration av större nedlåsningsfunktioner uppvisar Windows ICD problem. Ytterligare problem som också har noterats berör bl.a. möjligheterna för profilkopiering och generalisering i Windows 10. / Microsoft released Windows 10 in the middle of 2015. Windows 10 is a series of operating systems with multiple versions adapted for many different fields of work. Windows 10 IoT Enterprise is one of the versions aimed at various types of embedded systems. During adaptation into certain environments, parts of the operating system may therefore be locked down or limited. For configuration of Windows 10, both old and new tools are available.  In this project, an examination of lockdown and adaptation possibilities, as well as configuration tools, focusing on Windows 10 IoT Enterprise is made. The tools used are Microsoft’s brand new Windows Imaging and Configuration Designer, but also their older Windows System Image Manager. Multiple configurations have been examined both with, and without the help of these tools. This includes user and application limitations, branding, and appearance. In addition to this, the creation of fully configured Windows images is superficially addressed. The project has consisted of several tests, mainly based on documentation from Microsoft. A majority of the examined possibilities and configurations have proven functional and quite easy to make use of. A working functionality has only been evaluated as such if it satisfies descriptions released by Microsoft themselves. This, as well as not breaking other parts of the system. In the end, the result mainly describes existing and working functionalities, not in what practical scenarios they fit. During configuration of major lockdown features, Windows ICD displays problems. Other problems has also been noted, among other things related to profile copying and generalization in Windows 10.

This report describes the development of a sample loader for my diploma work at Q-linea AB in Uppsala. The sample loader will replace the process of loading fluid samples into Q-linea’s instrument for biomolecule analysis. The earlier process was done by hand and was a time consuming and inefficient task. The work was initiated with a design phase where an overview of the system was created. The sample loader will be receiving text commands from a PC that coordinates all the subsystems like pumps and lasers on the analysis instrument. The commands will be translated by a microcontroller into the correct movement of the samples needed to load them. Most of the work was put down into developing the software responsible for handling communications and actuation of a couple of stepper motors. Lastly a circuit board was designed and manufactured, ready to be mounted into the existing instrument. The result was a working prototype which now is used in the daily work at Q-linea. It is subject for further development and in the future it will be shipped as a part of the finished biomolecular analysis instrument from Q-linea.

HMS Networks AB develops, produces and sells communication technology for industrial automation. The product handles communication between a variety of protocols. The product treated in this project is an Anybus X-gateway Modbus-TCP Master/Client and this module is currently configured from a web-based interface. In doing so, the flexibility for handling protocols is limited to what the company chooses to add to the interface. Therefore the company had a request that the flexibility should be extended using a script language. The project has mainly consisted of two parts. The first part deals with the implementation of the script language Lua and the second part is about measurement and evaluation of the time required for the script. A prototype was developed with an operational implementation and successful results for data transmission. Although it was a successful project some optimizations are required if this solution is to replace the existing one, because script languages are not as fast as C. Some knowledge in programming and network is required to obtain an adequate understanding of the report.

<p>Dagens fordon är försedda med elektroniska styrsystem, ECU:er, som styr många av fordonets funktioner. I takt med att dessa system blir mer avancerade krävs en effektiv process för att hantera systemens specifikationer för diagnoskommunikation. Hanteringen av dessa specifikationer är inte standardiserad. I många fall dokumenteras en ECU i ett ordbehandlarformat, t ex Word eller RTF, som inte enkelt kan läsas eller tolkas av ett diagnossystem. Specifikationerna måste översättas till ett maskinläsbart format för att kunna användas vid kommunikation med ECU:n. Behovet av att göra denna process datadriven är grunden till detta arbete. Alternativ till att effektivisera processen genom att göra den datadriven har undersökts och en lösning med transportformatet ODX har implementerats. ODX är ett format som är avsett att användas för att standardisera utbytet av diagnoskommunikationsinformation. Resultatet av lösningen är att diagnosspecifikationerna inte behöver översättas för hand då de från ECU-utvecklare ges i form av ODX. Stöd för hantering av ODX har implementerats i form av en konvertering mellan ODX och Scanias egna format för diagnosdata, SCOMM-XML, som används vid diagnoskommunikationen idag. En stor del av det manuella arbetet elimineras men det krävs fortfarande kompletterande information för att diagnossystemet ska fungera som det gör idag.</p>

In the automotive industry today, embedded systems have reached a level of complexity which is not maintainable with the traditional approach of design- ing automotive embedded systems. For this purpose, many of the worlds leading automotive manufacturers have formed an alliance to apprehend this problem. This has resulted in AUTOSAR, an open standardized architecture for automotive embedded systems, which strives for increased flexibility and safety regulations. This thesis will explore the possibilities of implementing a CAN Communication stack using the AUTOSAR architecture and its corresponding methodology. As a result of this thesis, a complete AUTOSAR CAN communication stack has been implemented, as well has a simulator application with the purpose of testing its functionality.