Esta tese apresenta como um dos seus aspectos fundamentais a compreensão de outra cultura, outra versão, outro conjunto de valores: o pensamento indiano, berço da Ahamkãra a consciência individual, o eu e das práticas ascéticas de origem pré-ariana e autóctone. No interior dessa tradição, foram escolhidos os ensinamentos do Buddha Shãkyamuni, por sua absoluta originalidade na concepção da individualidade, transformando radicalmente as concepções de subjetividade existentes em sua época. O intuito, ao buscar uma tradição em tudo diferente da nossa, é, por dirigir o foco para o mais contrastante, iluminar nossa própria tradição, enriquecer o campo de discussão das novas matrizes de subjetivação em nossa sociedade ocidental pós-moderna e globalizada. Com essa abordagem objetiva-se contribuir para o debate em torno do despertar do budismo ocidental, no séc. XXI, lançando algumas linhas de reflexão que auxiliem, por um lado, a contextualizar esse acontecimento, e, por outro, a ampliar o debate sobre as questões relativas à noção de sujeito, utilizada pelos teóricos da psicanálise, através da apresentação de uma outra versão, a do eu budista. A comparação entre uma forma de individualidade oriunda de uma sociedade tradicional e holista e a forma da individualidade contemporânea, oriunda de uma sociedade secularizada e individualista, é possível através do que Harpham denomina imperativo ascético, uma força estruturante primária e transcultural. Nesse sentido visualiza-se uma relação entre as práticas ascéticas e a construção do eu. Segundo Mauss, o eu também é uma categoria universal, presente em todas as culturas. Assim como se encontram variações sobre o repertório das práticas ascéticas disponíveis em diferentes culturas, encontram-se variações na forma da subjetividade, de acordo com o seu solo cultural e sua paisagem mental. Fizemos uma conexão entre as práticas ascéticas indianas e o que denominamos de identificação mística, a partir da qual foi possível inferir essa imbricação entre ascetismo, construção e sacralização do eu nos primórdios da civilização indiana. Com o budismo ocorre uma espécie de descentramento, a sacralização é estendida a todo o cosmo, as práticas de meditação sintonizam com todos os seres, com todos os animais, para eliminar as causas do sofrimento. O budismo nasce com uma vocação universalista e leva para fora das fronteiras da Índia esse eu construído a partir dos conceitos da Ãhimsa, a não-violência, e da noção de ausência de existência inerente, inscritos no pensamento budista há dois mil e quinhentos anos, despertando o interesse do ocidente após um longo período de obscurecimento. / This thesis presents, as a fundamental aspect, the understanding of another culture, another version, another framework of values: of Indian thought, the foundation of Ahamkãra the individual consciousness, the Self and of the ascetic practices of pre-Arian and autochthonous origin. Our choice within this tradition fell upon the teachings of Buddha Shãkyamuni, due to the absolute originality of their conception of individuality, radically transforming the extant conceptions of subjectivity of the time. The aim of this search within a tradition that differs from ours in all respects, as we focus on that contrast, is to shed light in our own tradition, adding to the discussion about new subjectivity matrixes in our postmodern, global wessern society. This inquiry aims at contributing to the debate on the emergence of Wessern Buddhism in the 21st. century, by essablishing some lines of reflection that should help us to contextualise this phenomenon, on the one hand, and on the other, to widen the debate on issues that relate to the notion of subject as theoretical psychoanalysts use it, through the presentation of the Buddhist Self as another version. A transcultural, primary structuring force, which Harpham calls ascetic imperative, shall allow for the comparison between one form of individuality which comes from a traditional and holistic society, and the form of contemporary individuality, which comes from a secularised and individualist society. Along these lines, we see a relationship between the ascetic practices and the construction of the Self. According to Mauss, the Self also is a universal category, which all cultures present. Much as there are variations on the inventory of ascetic practices available in various cultures, there are variations on the form of subjectivity, in accordance with its cultural ground and its mental landscape. We essablish a connection between Indian ascetic practices and what we call mystic identification, and this allows us to infer the interrelation between asceticism and the construction and sacralisation of the Self in the primeval ages of Indian civilisation. A kind of de-centring occurs with Buddhism: sacralisation spreads through all the Cosmos, meditation practices syntonize with all beings, all animals, in order to eliminate the causes of suffering. Buddhism has risen with an universalist vocation, and took beyond the borders of India this Self built upon the concepts of Ãhimsa, of non-violence, and the notion of absence of inherent existence, which have been intrinsic to Buddhist thought for twenty-five hundred years, and calls the attention of the West after a long period of concealment.

Esta tese apresenta como um dos seus aspectos fundamentais a compreensão de outra cultura, outra versão, outro conjunto de valores: o pensamento indiano, berço da Ahamkãra a consciência individual, o eu e das práticas ascéticas de origem pré-ariana e autóctone. No interior dessa tradição, foram escolhidos os ensinamentos do Buddha Shãkyamuni, por sua absoluta originalidade na concepção da individualidade, transformando radicalmente as concepções de subjetividade existentes em sua época. O intuito, ao buscar uma tradição em tudo diferente da nossa, é, por dirigir o foco para o mais contrastante, iluminar nossa própria tradição, enriquecer o campo de discussão das novas matrizes de subjetivação em nossa sociedade ocidental pós-moderna e globalizada. Com essa abordagem objetiva-se contribuir para o debate em torno do despertar do budismo ocidental, no séc. XXI, lançando algumas linhas de reflexão que auxiliem, por um lado, a contextualizar esse acontecimento, e, por outro, a ampliar o debate sobre as questões relativas à noção de sujeito, utilizada pelos teóricos da psicanálise, através da apresentação de uma outra versão, a do eu budista. A comparação entre uma forma de individualidade oriunda de uma sociedade tradicional e holista e a forma da individualidade contemporânea, oriunda de uma sociedade secularizada e individualista, é possível através do que Harpham denomina imperativo ascético, uma força estruturante primária e transcultural. Nesse sentido visualiza-se uma relação entre as práticas ascéticas e a construção do eu. Segundo Mauss, o eu também é uma categoria universal, presente em todas as culturas. Assim como se encontram variações sobre o repertório das práticas ascéticas disponíveis em diferentes culturas, encontram-se variações na forma da subjetividade, de acordo com o seu solo cultural e sua paisagem mental. Fizemos uma conexão entre as práticas ascéticas indianas e o que denominamos de identificação mística, a partir da qual foi possível inferir essa imbricação entre ascetismo, construção e sacralização do eu nos primórdios da civilização indiana. Com o budismo ocorre uma espécie de descentramento, a sacralização é estendida a todo o cosmo, as práticas de meditação sintonizam com todos os seres, com todos os animais, para eliminar as causas do sofrimento. O budismo nasce com uma vocação universalista e leva para fora das fronteiras da Índia esse eu construído a partir dos conceitos da Ãhimsa, a não-violência, e da noção de ausência de existência inerente, inscritos no pensamento budista há dois mil e quinhentos anos, despertando o interesse do ocidente após um longo período de obscurecimento. / This thesis presents, as a fundamental aspect, the understanding of another culture, another version, another framework of values: of Indian thought, the foundation of Ahamkãra the individual consciousness, the Self and of the ascetic practices of pre-Arian and autochthonous origin. Our choice within this tradition fell upon the teachings of Buddha Shãkyamuni, due to the absolute originality of their conception of individuality, radically transforming the extant conceptions of subjectivity of the time. The aim of this search within a tradition that differs from ours in all respects, as we focus on that contrast, is to shed light in our own tradition, adding to the discussion about new subjectivity matrixes in our postmodern, global wessern society. This inquiry aims at contributing to the debate on the emergence of Wessern Buddhism in the 21st. century, by essablishing some lines of reflection that should help us to contextualise this phenomenon, on the one hand, and on the other, to widen the debate on issues that relate to the notion of subject as theoretical psychoanalysts use it, through the presentation of the Buddhist Self as another version. A transcultural, primary structuring force, which Harpham calls ascetic imperative, shall allow for the comparison between one form of individuality which comes from a traditional and holistic society, and the form of contemporary individuality, which comes from a secularised and individualist society. Along these lines, we see a relationship between the ascetic practices and the construction of the Self. According to Mauss, the Self also is a universal category, which all cultures present. Much as there are variations on the inventory of ascetic practices available in various cultures, there are variations on the form of subjectivity, in accordance with its cultural ground and its mental landscape. We essablish a connection between Indian ascetic practices and what we call mystic identification, and this allows us to infer the interrelation between asceticism and the construction and sacralisation of the Self in the primeval ages of Indian civilisation. A kind of de-centring occurs with Buddhism: sacralisation spreads through all the Cosmos, meditation practices syntonize with all beings, all animals, in order to eliminate the causes of suffering. Buddhism has risen with an universalist vocation, and took beyond the borders of India this Self built upon the concepts of Ãhimsa, of non-violence, and the notion of absence of inherent existence, which have been intrinsic to Buddhist thought for twenty-five hundred years, and calls the attention of the West after a long period of concealment.

Our world is experiencing a crisis of unsustainability with ecological, socioeconomic, and existential dimensions. Thus, planning for the transition to sustainability is a challenge requiring transformation of the dorrunant cultural paradigm. I address this problem of planning between cultural paradigms by examining the discourse between First Nations Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) and Western Science, and identify lessons that contribute to a sounder epistemological basis for planning theory and practice. To link planning theory, sustainability and TEK, I combined literature reviews, interviews and lessons from my experience with First Nations. I derived a cross-cultural analytical framework based on epistemology, cosmology and ontology (ECO), and applied it to planning theory, case studies of the Scientific Panel for Sustainable Forest Practices in Clayoquot Sound and my own professional work. Planning for sustainability must address multiple dimensions. My approach includes biophysical, social and cultural capital, postulating that greater social and cultural capital could decrease consumption of biophysical capital. In this framework "ECO" addresses cultural capital. My analysis of TEK reveals more than just "knowledge," rather a way of life which generates knowledge. I coined the term TEK-Systems (TEKS) to refer to the social and cultural capital, and methodological features of these lotowledge-generating systems. Applying ECO reveals philosophical elements of TEK, that are neglected in the literature. TEKS combine empirical knowledge with other ways of knowing offering alternative models of reality to the cultural mainstream. The Scientific Panel recognized all significant features of TEKS and ECO in my framework, and employed Nuu-Chah-Nulth TEK protocol in their planning model. Various forms of knowledge from wholly different philosophical origins informed complex planning and decision- making process with consensus outcomes. Similarly, the most significant lessons from my professional application was that respect, cultural framing, and community involvement are key professional tools. Planning between cultural paradigms requires recognizing different knowledge systems; including different ways of knowing strengthens planning for sustainability. This approach establishes new terrain for planning theory. It requires inclusive planning and decision- making processes which foster caring, respect and commitment. Enhancing social and cultural capital provides community and spiritual resources for sustainability. Planners need specialized framing to work in these areas. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

No description available.

Notre travail de thèse consiste à mettre en lumière les différents apports des pensées indiennes qui ont influencé l’œuvre de Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961). Les sources orientales, en particulier, les philosophies indiennes classiques,eurent un écho considérable dans la pensée de Jung. Le psychiatre suisse porte un regard à la fois critique et admiratif sur la spiritualité indienne, il tient compte des complexités de l'univers philosophique indien. On s'interrogera sur la manière dont Jung interprète les textes indiens sous l'angle de la psychanalyse en montrant en quoi les sotériologies indiennes et le bouddhisme se rapprochent des médecines de l'âme occidentales. / The purpose of our thesis is to bring to light the various contributions of Indianphilosophies that have influenced the works of Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961).Oriental sources, and Indian classical philosophies in particular, found asignificant echo in Jung's thought. The Swiss psychiatrist takes a look at Indianspirituality that is at once critical and admiring, taking into account thecomplexities of the Indian philosophical world. Our questions will revolvearound Jung's method of interpretation of Indian texts from a psychoanalyticalperspective, showing in the process the closeness of Indian soteriologies and ofBuddhism to the Western healing practices of the soul.

In this thesis I examine the religious philosophy of consciousness of Sri Aurobindo (1872-1950). He was an Indian scholar, teacher, politician, writer and mystic who studied in London and Cambridge. In India he developed his spiritual being through Yoga. He wrote more than thirty books, which formed the main source of information for this study. Sri Aurobindo developed his cosmology using normal intellectual means and through experiencing profound supra-intellectual regions intuitively. For him, Brahman's desire to experience delight was the cause of creation. This prompted Him to cause a creation cycle through the process of involution and evolution. In His state of holistic unity and non-duality beyond space and time, he commenced the involution phase. He spawned Sachchidananda, a composite of sat (being), chit (consciousness-force) and ananda (bliss). These are the cardinal constituent elements of all creation, material and spiritual. From Sachchidananda, Supermind, the first aspect of the Supreme that contained elements of duality, originated. Then followed Overmind, Intuitive Mind, Illumined Mind, and Higher Mind, with all these being domains of being and consciousness. This culminated in a state of Inconscience, a dormant state of utter nescience. Regardless, it paradoxically contains all that Brahman is. From the inconscient evolution starts. The first phase is the manifestation of Matter. This, which too has all of Brahman inherent in itself, produces Life, and then Mind. This implies different life forms, including humans. Evolution of all that is, including humans, is upwards, back towards Brahman, in an inverse order to that of involution. Humans possess or are consciousness. Sri Aurobindo mentions and explains the various ordinary states of consciousness namely nescience, inconscience, subconscience, intraconscience, circumconscience, superconscience, sleep, dream, and waking state, samadhi and cosmic consciousness. In addition, inherent in humans is the ability and the task to develop the various higher states of consciousness found in the various phases of the involution. This starts with the development of the psychic being or soul, which is spiritual in nature, and the growth of the higher domains of consciousness. This constitutes the spiritual evolution of mankind which culminates in spiritual perfection, in the return to Brahman. / Religious Studies and Arabic / D. Litt. et Phil. (Religious Studies)

In this thesis I examine the religious philosophy of consciousness of Sri Aurobindo (1872-1950). He was an Indian scholar, teacher, politician, writer and mystic who studied in London and Cambridge. In India he developed his spiritual being through Yoga. He wrote more than thirty books, which formed the main source of information for this study. Sri Aurobindo developed his cosmology using normal intellectual means and through experiencing profound supra-intellectual regions intuitively. For him, Brahman's desire to experience delight was the cause of creation. This prompted Him to cause a creation cycle through the process of involution and evolution. In His state of holistic unity and non-duality beyond space and time, he commenced the involution phase. He spawned Sachchidananda, a composite of sat (being), chit (consciousness-force) and ananda (bliss). These are the cardinal constituent elements of all creation, material and spiritual. From Sachchidananda, Supermind, the first aspect of the Supreme that contained elements of duality, originated. Then followed Overmind, Intuitive Mind, Illumined Mind, and Higher Mind, with all these being domains of being and consciousness. This culminated in a state of Inconscience, a dormant state of utter nescience. Regardless, it paradoxically contains all that Brahman is. From the inconscient evolution starts. The first phase is the manifestation of Matter. This, which too has all of Brahman inherent in itself, produces Life, and then Mind. This implies different life forms, including humans. Evolution of all that is, including humans, is upwards, back towards Brahman, in an inverse order to that of involution. Humans possess or are consciousness. Sri Aurobindo mentions and explains the various ordinary states of consciousness namely nescience, inconscience, subconscience, intraconscience, circumconscience, superconscience, sleep, dream, and waking state, samadhi and cosmic consciousness. In addition, inherent in humans is the ability and the task to develop the various higher states of consciousness found in the various phases of the involution. This starts with the development of the psychic being or soul, which is spiritual in nature, and the growth of the higher domains of consciousness. This constitutes the spiritual evolution of mankind which culminates in spiritual perfection, in the return to Brahman. / Religious Studies and Arabic / D. Litt. et Phil. (Religious Studies)

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-12T18:01:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 clodomirbarrosdeandrade.pdf: 1838384 bytes, checksum: 79bd4191e1943c4089e3ff402ccb4fb3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-27T19:54:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 clodomirbarrosdeandrade.pdf: 1838384 bytes, checksum: 79bd4191e1943c4089e3ff402ccb4fb3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-27T19:54:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 clodomirbarrosdeandrade.pdf: 1838384 bytes, checksum: 79bd4191e1943c4089e3ff402ccb4fb3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-03 / Esta tese objetiva apresentar duas tradições não dualistas surgidas na Índia antiga: a tradição vedantina não dualista e a tradição do budismo mahāyana, valorizando suas diferentes perspectivas ontológicas, epistemológicas, éticas e soteriológicas, além de sublinhar o caráter iminentemente dialógico e racional dos referidos processos. / This thesis aims at presenting two non-dualistic traditions from ancient India, advaita vedānta and mahāyāna Buddhism, highlighting their different ontological, epistemological, ethical and soteriological perspectives, with a special emphasis on their dialogical and rational methodology.

The central theme of this paper concerns the way Eastern and Western (sometimes termed Oriental and Occidental) thought view the formation of the world; the means of arriving at these conclusions and the concepts or pre-conceived ideas upon which they are based. Western thought has been limited to views that have developed out of modern science, post-1500; they are mechanistic science, evolution, Whitehead's philosophy pertaining to God and modern physics. For the purpose of this paper, the emphasis in Eastern thought is placed on Mahayana Buddhism, especially the Madhyamika school of philosophy. In India it developed in contact with many other philosophical schools, and it if it is to be understood, some of these systems of though must also be studied. Therefore, the Vedanta school of Indian philosophy, Early Buddhism, and one of the creation stories of the Upanishads are used when they help to explain the Buddhist view. Mahayana Buddhism also spread to China and Japan where in developed in contact with Confucianism and Taoism, and so these are considered when they help to explain Chinese Buddhism. While this paper is focused on the views pertaining to the formation of the world, an important aspect of the study is to show what Eastern though understands by the terms "higher" and "lower" knowledge. As a further clarification, a chapter has been devoted to illustration how the respective interpretations of the world, in Eastern and Western cultures, are carried out in the everyday lives of the people. And finally, an effort is made to employ Eastern concepts in establishing a new basis for the organization and clarification of the concepts of present day science.

Science is curiosity about the natural world translated into knowledge; it serves to identify laws and validate hypotheses. The quest for knowledge is influenced by the paradigm of the scientist. The primary object of this study is to examine Quantum Mechanics and Sacred/Native science for similarities and differences. This will be accomplished through an extensive use of authorities from both Western and Native sciences in an in depth examination of the paradigms upon which their foundations are based. This study will explore language and how language used leads the scientist down a particular pathway. This study will conclude in a summary fashion, an exploration of a few select key concepts from both Native and Western sciences from a comparative perspective. / ix, 135 leaves ; 29 cm.