Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:31:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Luis Pagotto.pdf: 3218175 bytes, checksum: df0421d433f5d82aa4e7bdac351f769a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-18 / The signal propagation between nodes of a network of wireless sensors in an industrial environment can suffer interference from the environment. In this context, the present work shows a study to define an algorithm that is able to adapt the behavior of a wireless sensor network operating within an industrial environment. This study was conducted in environments with specific characteristics, and the results led to the development of an algorithm to adapt communication according to the variability of the environment. A possible benefit of this algorithm is the increase of the reliability of communication in such environments. / A propaga??o do sinal entre os n?s de uma rede de sensores sem fio em um ambiente industrial pode sofrer interfer?ncias do meio. Nesse contexto, este trabalho apresenta um estudo realizado para definir um algoritmo que seja capaz de adequar o comportamento de uma rede de sensores sem fio operando dentro de um ambiente industrial. Este estudo foi realizado em ambientes com caracter?sticas espec?ficas, sendo que os resultados permitiram o desenvolvimento de um algoritmo para adequa??o da comunica??o ? variabilidade do ambiente. Um poss?vel benef?cio advindo deste algoritmo consiste em um aumento da confiabilidade da comunica??o em rela??o ao ambiente.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:31:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cilene Renata Real.pdf: 2194008 bytes, checksum: 1cc615475d891ef3e2695f71044b36dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-25 / Scientific work that shows the signal strength behavior in a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) in the industrial environment. This dissertation aims to perform collections of Radio Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), to suggest a method to analyze the signal behavior and to subsidize criteria for decision making, when the signal presents significant instability. The expected benefit is the characterization of this environment, allowing knowledge about the behavior of this type of network, which today, although necessary, is still limited, thus contributing to the development of reliable applications that use this type of network. The results of the signal strength measurements have been analyzed for their stability. / Trabalho cient?fico que demonstra o comportamento da intensidade do sinal em uma Rede de Sensores sem Fio (RSSF) no ambiente industrial. A presente disserta??o tem como objetivo, realizar coletas de Radio Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), sugerir um m?todo para analisar o comportamento do sinal e subsidiar crit?rios para a tomada de decis?o, quando o sinal apresentar uma instabilidade significativa. O benef?cio esperado ? a caracteriza??o desse ambiente, permitindo o conhecimento sobre o comportamento desse tipo de rede, que, hoje, apesar de necess?rio, ainda ? limitado, contribuindo, assim, para o desenvolvimento de aplica??es confi?veis que utilizem esse tipo de rede. Os resultados das medidas de intensidade de sinal foram analisados quanto ? sua estabilidade.

本研究研究目的有二：一在發掘影響廠商互動行為中競爭合作導向的環境因素；二在找出廠商在不同產業環境下的互動策略。研究發現可分為兩大部分，一為假設檢定部分，可歸納如下： (1)環境較穩定的產業其廠商的廣告密集度較高。 (2)資源豐富產業的廠商其研發密集度較高。 (3)資源豐富的產業其廠商合作契約的簽訂數較高。 (4)資源豐富、環境不確定性高的產業，其廠商關聯性多角化的比例較其他三種產業高。 (5)資源稀少產業其廠商非關聯性多角化比例較高。 (6)資源豐富、環境不確定性高的產業，其廠商的合資數會高於其他三種產業中的廠商。 (7)資源豐富的產業其廠商本業內合資的比例較高。 (8)資源稀少的產業其廠商本業外合資的比例較高。 (9)環境穩定、資源稀少的產業，其廠商複合式合併的比例將高於其他三種產業。 其他在產品線廣度與董監事連結的行為上，本研究檢定環境因素的影響不顯著。研究發現的另一部分為產業各別差異，可總結如下： (1)電機電子器材業： 1.競爭行為：廣告密集度低，研發密集度高。 2.合作行為：合作契約多，其中技術合作契約與中期合作契約比例高；後勤合作契約與短期合作契約比例低。轉投資數多，其中關聯性轉投資比例高，非關聯性轉投資比例低。合資數多，其中本業內合資比例高，本業外合資比例低。合併數多。 (2)紡織業： 1.競爭行為：廣告密集度低，研發密集度低。 2.合作行為：合作契約少，其中技術合作契約比例低；後勤合作契約、短期合作契約、中期合作契約比例高。轉投資數少，其中關聯性轉投資比例高，非關聯性轉投資比例亦高。合資數少，其中本業內合資比例低，本業外合資比例高。合併數少。 (3)食品業: 1.競爭行為：廣告密集度高，研發密集度低。 2.合作行為：合作契約少，其中技術合作契約與短期合作契約比例高；後勤合作契約與中期合作契約比例低。轉投資數多，其中關聯性轉投資比例高，非關聯性轉投資比例亦高。合資數多，其中本業內合資比例低，本業內合資比例高。合併數多。 (4)化學製品業: 1.競爭行為：廣告密集度高，研發密集度高。 2.合作行為：合作契約多，其中技術合作契約與中期合作契約比例低；後勤合作契約與短期和契約比例高。轉投資數少，其中關聯性轉投資比例高，非關聯性轉投資比例亦高。合資數少，其中本業內合資比例高，本業內合資比例低。合併數少。

The study presented in this thesis is focused on the investigation of wireless application in industrial environment. The objective of this work is to provide an insight on the development of the wireless machine to machine (M2M) application, and a systematic approach for improving the application reliability on radio link level by end users. As a specific case, ABB Robotics’ Remote Service concept is examined to check whether the selection of cellular technology as its wireless access method and the choice of standard radio link components are able to satisfy the application requirement under different circumstances. Several modifications of the radio link components and topologies, e.g. repeater system, combiner, etc, are proposed for the enhancement of radio link reliability. Theoretical evaluations of these options are based on detailed radio link calculation and MATLAB simulation using propagation model dedicated for industrial environment. Furthermore, on site test is carried out to validate the theoretical evaluations. The M2M market investigation is also included in the task, in order to select the most cost-effective components from different suppliers. While walking through the radio link optimization process of the specific case, necessary information and knowledge common to all wireless M2M application are explained. In the end, in addition to a guide line for installation and other supporting documents regarding to the Remote Service, some rules of thumb available for the radio link optimization in all kinds of industrial environments are generalized and presented in the form of a flowchart, which can be beneficial for those support engineers of the application provider, who are not necessarily experts in wireless technology.

L’exposition quotidienne aux polluants atmosphériques tels que le dioxyde de soufre, les particules fines (PM2.5) et l’ozone en milieu urbain sont associés à des effets néfastes sur la santé respiratoire des enfants. Des études épidémiologiques transversales rapportent des associations entre la pollution atmosphérique et des problèmes de santé respiratoires chez les enfants en milieu industriel telles que la prévalence de l’asthme et de l'hyperréactivité bronchique. Ces études épidémiologiques transversales ne permettent pas d’évaluer les effets sur la santé d’une exposition de courte durée. Peu d’études ont évalué les effets respiratoires des expositions aiguës chez les enfants à la pollution atmosphérique d’émissions industrielles. Dans ce mémoire, nous avons analysé l’association entre l’exposition journalière aux émissions d’une aluminerie et l’hospitalisation pour problèmes respiratoires (asthme, bronchiolite) chez les enfants de Shawinigan. Pour étudier ces effets des expositions aiguës, nous avons utilisé le devis épidémiologique de type « case-crossover » qui compare l’exposition lors des jours « cas » (jour d’hospitalisation) avec l’exposition lors des jours « contrôle » (exposition du même individu, les mêmes jours de la semaine, durant le même mois). Les variables d’exposition suivantes ont été calculées pour les enfants vivants dans un rayon de 7.5 km de l’industrie et pour ceux habitant à moins de 2.5 km de la station de mesure de polluants près de l’industrie : i) le nombre d’heures par jour durant lesquelles la résidence de chaque enfant recevait le panache de fumée de l’industrie. ii) les concentrations journalières de PM2.5 et de SO2 (moyenne et maximales) de la station de mesure des polluants localisée près de l’industrie. Des régressions logistiques conditionnelles ont été utilisées pour estimer les rapports de cotes (OR) et leurs intervalles de confiance à 95% (IC95%). Au total, 429 hospitalisations d’enfants pour asthme et bronchiolite ont été recensées pendant la période d’étude allant de 1999 à 2008. Le risque d’hospitalisations pour asthme et bronchiolite a augmenté avec l’augmentation du nombre d’heures d’exposition aux fumées de l’industrie, chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans. Pour les enfants de 2-4 ans, cette association était : OR : 1.27, pour un interquartile de 4.8 heures/jour; intervalle de confiance à 95%: 1.03-1.56. Des tendances moins prononcées sont notées avec les niveaux de SO2 et de PM2.5. Cette étude suggère que l’exposition journalière aux émissions industrielles identifiées par l’exposition horaire des vents venant de l’usine pourrait être associée à une exacerbation des problèmes respiratoires chez les jeunes enfants. De plus, l’effet plus prononcé avec la variable d’exposition basée sur les vents suggère un effet découlant des polluants autres que ceux mesurés (SO2 et PM2.5), possiblement comme les hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP). / The daily exposure to air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), fines particules (PM2.5) and ozone in urban areas is associated with adverse effects on children respiratory health. In industrial environments, cross-sectional epidemiological studies report associations between air pollution and respiratory problems among children such as prevalence of asthma or bronchial hyper-responsiveness. These cross-sectional epidemiological studies cannot assess the health effects of short term exposures. Few studies have assessed the respiratory effects of acute exposures in children, to air pollution associated with industrial emissions. In the present thesis, the association between exposure to daily emissions from a smelter and hospitalizations for respiratory problems (asthma, bronchiolitis) in children of Shawinigan was studied. In order to assess the effects of short term exposures we used the epidemiological design “case-crossover”. With this design, we compared the exposure on “case” days (days of hospitalizations) with the exposure on “control” days (exposure of the same individual, on the same days of the week, in the same month). The following exposure variables were calculated for children living within a 7.5 km buffer around the industry and for those living at less than 2.5 km from the pollutant monitoring station located close to the industry: i) the number of hours per day that the residence of each child received the smoke plume from the industry, ii) daily concentrations of PM2.5 and SO2 (mean and maximum) at a monitoring station located near the industry. Conditional logistic regressions were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and their confidence interval at 95% (IC95%). In total, 429 hospitalizations for asthma and bronchiolitis were identified during the study period from 1999 to 2008. The risk of hospitalizations for asthma and bronchiolitis increased with increasing number of hours of exposure per day under the smoke of the industry for children less than 5 years of age. For children 2-4 years old, this association was: OR = 1.27, for an interquartile range of 4.8 hours per day; confidence interval 95% 1.03-1.56. Trends, less pronounced, were also observed with the levels of SO2 and PM2.5. This study suggests that daily exposure to industrial emissions, estimated with the daily hours of wind exposure to the smoke from the industry, may be associated with exacerbation of respiratory problems in young children. In addition, the use of the exposure variable based on the wind, suggests an effect beyond the one of the pollutants measured (SO2, PM2.5), likely associated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs).

La présence de spécularité sur un objet est un problème récurrent qui limite l'application de nombreuses méthodes de segmentation. En effet, les spécularités sont des zones ayant une intensité très élevée et perturbent énormément la détection dès lors que l'on utilise la notion de gradient de l'image. Les travaux menés dans cette thèse permettent de proposer une nouvelle méthode de détection d'un objet tubulaire métallique dans une image. La méthode s'affranchit de la notion de gradient en utilisant la notion de profil d'intensité. Nous proposons dans ce manuscrit, un processus qui parcourt des zones rectangulaires prédéfinies de l'image, par balayage d'un segment discret à la recherche d'un profil d'intensité référence. Ces travaux s'inscrivent dans une collaboration avec Numalliance, une entreprise qui fabrique des machines-outils. Cette collaboration permet de mettre en pratique cette méthode dans le cadre d'un système de contrôle qualité automatique et temps-réel des pièces manufacturées par les machines-outils. Pour cela, la méthode présentée doit être rapide, robuste aux spécularités et à l'environnement industriel tout en étant suffisamment précise pour permettre de conclure sur la conformité ou non de la pièce / The presence of specularity on an object is a recurring problem that limits the application of many segmentation methods. Indeed, specularities are areas with a very high intensity and greatly disturb the detection when the notion of gradient of the image is used. The work carried out in this thesis makes it possible to propose a new detection method for a metallic tubular object in an image. The method avoids the notion of gradient by using the notion of intensity profile. We propose in this manuscript a process which traverses predefined rectangular areas of the image by scanning a discrete segment in search of a reference intensity profile. This work is part of a collaboration with Numalliance, a company that manufactures machine tools. This collaboration enables this method to be put into a real industrial application as part of an automatic and real-time quality control system for parts manufactured by machine tools. To this end, the method presented must be fast, robust to the specularities and to the industrial environment while being sufficiently precise to make it possible to conclude on the conformity or not of the part

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:23:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rita de Cassia Feitosa Nakamoto.pdf: 2498288 bytes, checksum: fe007259c8135a50abda21f03f266958 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-26 / The present study focuses on the theme of environment and pollution as a result of the industrialization process and the model of capitalist production itself aiming to invoke knowledge to instrumentalize positions on the sustainability of the industrial environment, including the polluter pays principle and adjacent principles the principle of user pays principle, the prevention principle, the precautionary principle, the principle of the protective payee. To achieve this purpose, the study that uses the deductive approach and bibliographic research talks about the conceptualization related to the environment and pollution, the consequences of industrial activity on the environment, the polluter pays principle, the sustainable development and the inference of the polluter pays principle and sustainable development in industrial activity. Finally, the adoption of these preventive practices favors entrepreneurs and community for enjoying the benefits of the shares of industrial production under conditions of environmental protection and preservation of the natural environment / O presente estudo se debruça sobre o tema do meio ambiente e da poluição resultado do processo de industrialização e do próprio modelo de produção capitalista e objetiva invocar conhecimentos para instrumentalizar as posições relativas à sustentabilidade do meio ambiente industrial, abrangendo o princípio do poluidor pagador e os princípios adjacentes princípio do usuário pagador, princípio da prevenção, princípio da precaução, princípio do protetor recebedor. Para atingir este propósito, o estudo que se apoia na abordagem dedutiva e na técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica discorre sobre a conceituação relacionada ao meio ambiente e à poluição, aos reflexos da atividade industrial no meio ambiente, ao princípio do poluidor pagador, ao desenvolvimento sustentável e à inferência do princípio do poluidor pagador e do desenvolvimento sustentável na atividade industrial. Na conclusão, percebe-se que a adoção dessas práticas preventivas favorece os empresários e a coletividade, por usufruírem os benefícios das ações da produção industrial sob as condições de proteção ambiental e da preservação do meio ambiente natural

近年隨全球生產鏈改變，廠商為維持競爭力由追求區位最佳化，轉而追求網絡位置優化。在此種現象下，引發本研究探討區位環境在廠商創新過程中所扮演之角色，並嘗試與網絡位置共同分析，探查區位環境對於廠商是否具有功能化效果。且以Markusen (1996)與Glückler(2007)之論述為基礎，檢視創新環境差異下是否存在網絡結構差異。區位環境與技術網絡分別透過創新氛圍與社會資本作為論述框架，利用兩者皆強調個體行動者特質，連結地理區位、社會化行動至創新績效之路徑。 本研究以台灣生物技術廠商為研究對象，該產業為我國新興產業之一，對於技術網絡建立與研發需求強烈。資料收集同時利用二手資料與問卷方式，建立近似於整體性的技術網絡資料，分析方法採用社會網絡分析法、變異數分析以及卜瓦松回歸進行假說驗證。分析結果呈現地區創新氛圍差異確實存在廠商社會資本型態差異，支持先前文獻論述。而地區創新氛圍在廠商創新過程中扮演調和社會資本結構面功能角色，隨創新氛圍提升，強化直接連結的正向效果，減緩了網絡中介的負向效果；突顯了區位選擇在廠商面對全球化過程中仍為影響創新績效的關鍵因子。 / The empirical studies of firms’ innovation pointed out the important of localtion. In early days, firms pursue better location to lower the cost.But now they facing the globalization recombining the global supply chain. The important of location is re-placed by “ network system”. In this view, the main part of our research tring to understand the role of innovative milieu in innovation process. According to the lite-rature of Markusen (1996) and Glückler(2007) suggest the difference network structure between difference industrial districts. The second goal of this research is using statistical data to confirm their explanation. Tthis research which indicate two important results. The first is the difference social capital of firms existing in difference innovative milieux.This result support Markusen and Glückler’s discussions. Second, the role of innovative milieu is mod-erated effect between social capital and innovative perfornment.Following the differ-ence social capital strength, the effect of innovative milieu is difference.The empirical result indicate that the important function of location is working on firms’ innovative process.

L’exposition quotidienne aux polluants atmosphériques tels que le dioxyde de soufre, les particules fines (PM2.5) et l’ozone en milieu urbain sont associés à des effets néfastes sur la santé respiratoire des enfants. Des études épidémiologiques transversales rapportent des associations entre la pollution atmosphérique et des problèmes de santé respiratoires chez les enfants en milieu industriel telles que la prévalence de l’asthme et de l'hyperréactivité bronchique. Ces études épidémiologiques transversales ne permettent pas d’évaluer les effets sur la santé d’une exposition de courte durée. Peu d’études ont évalué les effets respiratoires des expositions aiguës chez les enfants à la pollution atmosphérique d’émissions industrielles. Dans ce mémoire, nous avons analysé l’association entre l’exposition journalière aux émissions d’une aluminerie et l’hospitalisation pour problèmes respiratoires (asthme, bronchiolite) chez les enfants de Shawinigan. Pour étudier ces effets des expositions aiguës, nous avons utilisé le devis épidémiologique de type « case-crossover » qui compare l’exposition lors des jours « cas » (jour d’hospitalisation) avec l’exposition lors des jours « contrôle » (exposition du même individu, les mêmes jours de la semaine, durant le même mois). Les variables d’exposition suivantes ont été calculées pour les enfants vivants dans un rayon de 7.5 km de l’industrie et pour ceux habitant à moins de 2.5 km de la station de mesure de polluants près de l’industrie : i) le nombre d’heures par jour durant lesquelles la résidence de chaque enfant recevait le panache de fumée de l’industrie. ii) les concentrations journalières de PM2.5 et de SO2 (moyenne et maximales) de la station de mesure des polluants localisée près de l’industrie. Des régressions logistiques conditionnelles ont été utilisées pour estimer les rapports de cotes (OR) et leurs intervalles de confiance à 95% (IC95%). Au total, 429 hospitalisations d’enfants pour asthme et bronchiolite ont été recensées pendant la période d’étude allant de 1999 à 2008. Le risque d’hospitalisations pour asthme et bronchiolite a augmenté avec l’augmentation du nombre d’heures d’exposition aux fumées de l’industrie, chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans. Pour les enfants de 2-4 ans, cette association était : OR : 1.27, pour un interquartile de 4.8 heures/jour; intervalle de confiance à 95%: 1.03-1.56. Des tendances moins prononcées sont notées avec les niveaux de SO2 et de PM2.5. Cette étude suggère que l’exposition journalière aux émissions industrielles identifiées par l’exposition horaire des vents venant de l’usine pourrait être associée à une exacerbation des problèmes respiratoires chez les jeunes enfants. De plus, l’effet plus prononcé avec la variable d’exposition basée sur les vents suggère un effet découlant des polluants autres que ceux mesurés (SO2 et PM2.5), possiblement comme les hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP). / The daily exposure to air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), fines particules (PM2.5) and ozone in urban areas is associated with adverse effects on children respiratory health. In industrial environments, cross-sectional epidemiological studies report associations between air pollution and respiratory problems among children such as prevalence of asthma or bronchial hyper-responsiveness. These cross-sectional epidemiological studies cannot assess the health effects of short term exposures. Few studies have assessed the respiratory effects of acute exposures in children, to air pollution associated with industrial emissions. In the present thesis, the association between exposure to daily emissions from a smelter and hospitalizations for respiratory problems (asthma, bronchiolitis) in children of Shawinigan was studied. In order to assess the effects of short term exposures we used the epidemiological design “case-crossover”. With this design, we compared the exposure on “case” days (days of hospitalizations) with the exposure on “control” days (exposure of the same individual, on the same days of the week, in the same month). The following exposure variables were calculated for children living within a 7.5 km buffer around the industry and for those living at less than 2.5 km from the pollutant monitoring station located close to the industry: i) the number of hours per day that the residence of each child received the smoke plume from the industry, ii) daily concentrations of PM2.5 and SO2 (mean and maximum) at a monitoring station located near the industry. Conditional logistic regressions were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and their confidence interval at 95% (IC95%). In total, 429 hospitalizations for asthma and bronchiolitis were identified during the study period from 1999 to 2008. The risk of hospitalizations for asthma and bronchiolitis increased with increasing number of hours of exposure per day under the smoke of the industry for children less than 5 years of age. For children 2-4 years old, this association was: OR = 1.27, for an interquartile range of 4.8 hours per day; confidence interval 95% 1.03-1.56. Trends, less pronounced, were also observed with the levels of SO2 and PM2.5. This study suggests that daily exposure to industrial emissions, estimated with the daily hours of wind exposure to the smoke from the industry, may be associated with exacerbation of respiratory problems in young children. In addition, the use of the exposure variable based on the wind, suggests an effect beyond the one of the pollutants measured (SO2, PM2.5), likely associated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs).

Orientador: Jose Antonio Siqueira Dias / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T12:42:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_AlexVenanciode_M.pdf: 3915758 bytes, checksum: 2659008da021c19c0fea44959159f885 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: O presente trabalho tem por objetivo o projeto, desenvolvimento e montagem de um Condicionador de Sinais de baixo custo, versátil e com recursos básicos comparáveis aos equipamentos semelhantes existentes no mercado nacional, que são na sua grande maioria importados. O equipamento faz a conversão, filtragem, isolação e condicionamento de pequenos sinais de controle provenientes de diversos tipos de sensores e transdutores, comuns em ambiente industrial, utilizando uma tecnologia bem consolidada de transporte de sinais em malhas de controle industriais: o transporte no modo corrente de 4-20mA. Esta tecnologia, mesmo frente à novos desenvolvimentos digitais na área de controle e transmissão de sinais em ambiente industrial, resiste como alternativa econômica e de ótimos resultados, mesmo em ambientes extremamente agressivos, com altos níveis de interferência / Abstract: In this work it is presented the design, development and implementation of a low cost and versatile signal conditioner which is similar to the products available in the Brazilian market, most of them imported. The developed equipment performs the conversion, filtering, isolation and conditioning of small control signals from various types of sensors and transducers commonly used in industrial environments, by using a mature technology of signal transport in industrial control loops: current mode of 4-20mA. This technology, despite of new digital developments in the area of control and signal transmission in industrial environments, resists as an economic alternative with excellent results, especially in extremely aggressive environments with high levels of interference / Mestrado / Eletrônica, Microeletrônica e Optoeletrônica / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica