The practical implementation of nontrivial machine vision algorithms requires a balance of efficiency, flexibility, and cost. This paper discusses the development and implementation of an industrial system that recognizes scanned rectangular kitchen cabinet frames. By utilizing a configuration of modular algorithms that reduce the image into structural primitives, accurate recognition is possible at a relatively high speed using limited hardware. The system essentially decomposes a silhouette of the frame into a border representation, extracting corner-containing regions which, in turn, yield vertices. Global information about the frame is then used to convert the vertices into usable features. This thesis discusses the motivation, development, and implementation of this system. Recognition tests were performed successfully on several thousand frame samples. / Master of Science

Técnicas experimentais de identificação de sistemas de controle têm despertado interesse na indústria devido a sua facilidade em ajustar modelos matemáticos, simplificando a formulação e a resolução de problemas de sintonia de controle de processos. Essa sintonia possibilita, também, a conservação das características de desempenho do processo industrial durante o ciclo de produção. Dessa forma, é proposto, no presente trabalho, o uso de uma técnica experimental de Identificação de Sistemas aplicados a dados coletados em ambientes industriais ruidoso, utilizando a estrutura matemática linear ARX e ARMAX. Os parâmetros dessas estruturas dessas estruturas matemática são estimados por meio do algoritmo dos Mínimos Quadrados (LS). / Experimental technique for systems control identification have attracted interest in the industry due to its ease adjustment of mathematical models, simplifying the (design) and troubleshooting of line process control. (This line also makes retention performance characteristics of the manufacturing process during the production cycle possible). Thus it is proposed in this study, using an experimental technique of identification systems applied to data collected in noisy industrial ambiente, using linear mathematical structure ARX and ARMAX. These mathematical structure parameters are estimated by the algorithm of least squares (LS).

Técnicas experimentais de identificação de sistemas de controle têm despertado interesse na indústria devido a sua facilidade em ajustar modelos matemáticos, simplificando a formulação e a resolução de problemas de sintonia de controle de processos. Essa sintonia possibilita, também, a conservação das características de desempenho do processo industrial durante o ciclo de produção. Dessa forma, é proposto, no presente trabalho, o uso de uma técnica experimental de Identificação de Sistemas aplicados a dados coletados em ambientes industriais ruidoso, utilizando a estrutura matemática linear ARX e ARMAX. Os parâmetros dessas estruturas dessas estruturas matemática são estimados por meio do algoritmo dos Mínimos Quadrados (LS). / Experimental technique for systems control identification have attracted interest in the industry due to its ease adjustment of mathematical models, simplifying the (design) and troubleshooting of line process control. (This line also makes retention performance characteristics of the manufacturing process during the production cycle possible). Thus it is proposed in this study, using an experimental technique of identification systems applied to data collected in noisy industrial ambiente, using linear mathematical structure ARX and ARMAX. These mathematical structure parameters are estimated by the algorithm of least squares (LS).

A identificação de sistemas industriais tem aplicação industrial principalmente na sintonia de malhas de controle. A sintonia freqüente das malhas de controle possibilita a manutenção das características de desempenho do processo industrial durante o ciclo de vida da produção. O fato de ser remota, neste trabalho realizada via as interfaces OPC e CyberOPC, possibilita inúmeras aplicações práticas como a terceirização do serviço por empresas especializadas ou a centralização da otimização nas empresas constituídas por áreas distribuídas. Este trabalho propõe e testa experimentalmente, em sistemas lineares de primeira ordem com tempo morto, uma ferramenta computacional de identificação e sintonia remota de malhas de controle em malha aberta ou fechada utilizando controladores PID em ambiente industrial, que preenche os requisitos acima citados em uma plataforma única, e desta forma tem aplicação no ambiente industrial para ajustar as malhas de controle e em ambiente acadêmico como ferramenta de estudo de aplicações de controle e de redes industriais. / The identification of industrial systems has industrial application mainly in control loop tuning. The frequent tuning of the control loop allows the maintenance of performance characteristics for industrial process during the production life cycle. Remote tuning, using OPC and CyberOPC interfaces, supports several practical applications, such as specialized companies outsourcing services or companies distributed in different areas centralizing optimization. This project proposes and validates experimentally in first order plus dead time systems a software tool for remote identification and tuning of open or close PID control loops in an industrial environment that fulfils the requirements described above, in a single platform. The software tool could be used in control loops tuning in industrial systems, as well as in an academic environment simulating control applications and industrial networks.

Les systèmes industriels, souvent appelés SCADA (pour Système d’acquisition et decontrôle de données) sont la cible d’attaques informatiques depuis Stuxnet en 2010.Dû à la criticité de leurs interactions avec le monde réel, ils peuvent représenter unemenace pour l’environnement et les humains. Comme ces systèmes ont par le passé étéphysiquement isolés du reste du monde, ils ont été majoritairement protégés contre despannes et des erreurs (ce qu’on appelle la sûreté). La sécurité informatique diffère de lasûreté dans le sens où un attaquant cherchera activement à mettre en défaut le systèmeet gagnera en puissance au cours du temps. L’un des challenges dans le cadre de lasécurité des systèmes industriels est de faire cohabiter des propriétés de sécurité avecles contraintes métier du système. Nous répondons à cette question par trois axes derecherche.Tout d’abord, nous proposons un filtre dédié aux communications des systèmes industriels,permettant d’exprimer des propriétés au niveau applicatif. Ensuite, nous nousintéressons à la vérification de protocoles cryptographiques appliquée à des protocolesindustriels comme MODBUS ou OPC-UA. À l’aide d’outils classiques du domaine, nousmodélisons les protocoles afin de vérifier s’ils garantissent des propriété de confidentialité,d’authentification et d’intégrité. Enfin, nous proposons une approche, nomméeASPICS (pour Applicative Attack Scenarios Production for Industrial Control Systems),permettant de vérifier si des propriétés de sûreté (similaires à celles vérifiées par le filtre)peuvent être mises en défaut par des attaquants en fonction de leur position et de leurcapacité. Nous implémentons cette analyse dans le model-checker UPPAAL et l’appliquons sur un exemple. / Industrial systems, also called SCADA (for Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition),are targeted by cyberattacks since Stuxnet in 2010. Due to the criticality of theirinteraction with the real world, these systems can be really harmful for humans andenvironment. As industrial systems have historically been physically isolated from therest of the world, they focused on the protection against outages and human mistakes(also called safety). Cybersecurity differs from safety in the way that an adversary iswilling to harm the system and will learn from his mistakes. One of the difficulty interms of cybersecurity of industrial systems is to make coexist security properties withdomain specific constraints. We tackle this question with three main axes.First, we propose a filter dedicated to industrial communications, allowing to enforceapplicative properties. Then, we focus on formal verification of cryptographic protocolsapplied to industrial protocols such as MODBUS or OPC-UA. Using well-known toolsfrom the domain, we model the protocols in order to check if they provide securityproperties including confidentiality, authentication and integrity. Finally, we propose anapproach named ASPICS (for Applicative Attack Scenarios Production for IndustrialControl Systems) to study if safety properties (similar to those verified by our filter)can actually be jeopardized by attackers depending on their position and capacity. Weimplement this approach in the UPPAAL model-checker and study its results on aproof-of-concept example.

A identificação de sistemas industriais tem aplicação industrial principalmente na sintonia de malhas de controle. A sintonia freqüente das malhas de controle possibilita a manutenção das características de desempenho do processo industrial durante o ciclo de vida da produção. O fato de ser remota, neste trabalho realizada via as interfaces OPC e CyberOPC, possibilita inúmeras aplicações práticas como a terceirização do serviço por empresas especializadas ou a centralização da otimização nas empresas constituídas por áreas distribuídas. Este trabalho propõe e testa experimentalmente, em sistemas lineares de primeira ordem com tempo morto, uma ferramenta computacional de identificação e sintonia remota de malhas de controle em malha aberta ou fechada utilizando controladores PID em ambiente industrial, que preenche os requisitos acima citados em uma plataforma única, e desta forma tem aplicação no ambiente industrial para ajustar as malhas de controle e em ambiente acadêmico como ferramenta de estudo de aplicações de controle e de redes industriais. / The identification of industrial systems has industrial application mainly in control loop tuning. The frequent tuning of the control loop allows the maintenance of performance characteristics for industrial process during the production life cycle. Remote tuning, using OPC and CyberOPC interfaces, supports several practical applications, such as specialized companies outsourcing services or companies distributed in different areas centralizing optimization. This project proposes and validates experimentally in first order plus dead time systems a software tool for remote identification and tuning of open or close PID control loops in an industrial environment that fulfils the requirements described above, in a single platform. The software tool could be used in control loops tuning in industrial systems, as well as in an academic environment simulating control applications and industrial networks.

Processes to develop and deliver software have been evolved over the years. One of the primary motivations of this evolution, is gaining the benefits of shorter time-to-market. Continuous deployment is a recent trend to deploy software to the customers automatically and in continuous fashion. Organizations adopting this trend could reach the customers faster through quick deliveries and improve the quality and productivity of the delivered product by an early feedback, and hence achieve increased customer satisfaction. Complex software intensive industrial systems are large-scale, distributed over heterogeneous platforms and interact with several sensors and actuators. Enabling continuous deployment for these industrial systems needs a stable deployment process able to cope with domain specific requirements and challenges. Notably, the required quality attributes of the deployed software product as well as the challenges introduced by the customer-specific nature of the domain. In this thesis, we formalize continuous deployment for industrial systems by identifying the main factors of an appropriate deployment process. In particular, we investigate high-level requirements, required quality attributes of the software product, and challenges in the deployment. Based on this, we propose a continuous deployment pipeline and a set of activities incorporated in the stages of the pipeline, in particular deployment and post-deployment stages. Moreover, we suggest automation support for the activities to both shorten the delivery time and to preserve repeatability and reliability of the deployment process. The aim of such a process is to maintain the quality attributes of the deployed software. We perform a case study to validate the proposed model by implementing a prototype in an industrial system

ICS, short for Industrial Control Systems, can be a part of the electrical and water supplies among others, which are important instances for society. This all resides in the realm of Operational technology, abbreviation OT. Due to technological development, Information Technology i.e. IT is introduced and merged into the realm of industrial systems, because of society’s increasing dependencies on digital infrastructures and services.ICS and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are rather well known and reputable. In the realm of OT, there’s a range of different systems, and ICS itself encompasses a range of process automation technologies, such as SCADA systems and Distributed Control Systems (DCS) among others.This paper aims to try to define and differentiate a distinct boundary of systems without any connection to IT and can be considered purely OT, if they exist at all. This by conducting an interview with people working for governmental agencies with an eminent amount of experience in the realm of OT. What kind of systems are currently in operation today that don’t fit into the realm of ICS, do they exist at all and how do they work?The definition and differentiation of OT may indicate a subset of systems and components, and terminologies of systems in the OT-realm are misused, indicating a lack of insight in this realm of industrial systems.

Thirty (30) years have passed since the cod collapse in Newfoundland and Labrador. The cod collapse left fifteen thousand (15,000) people who made a living off harvesting and processing cod without jobs, and almost eliminated a singular fish species from Newfoundland and Labrador (Bavington, 2010). The cod collapse created many policy changes and ripples of generational disruption in individual livelihoods and inshore/coastal fishing practices among families. Harvesting cod from the waters of Newfoundland goes back for hundreds of years, and many fishers and coastal communities still depend on it today. A significant amount of research on the history of cod fishing, the 1992 cod collapse, and the almost annihilation of a species (Bavington, 2010); but there is room to further explore how local fishers and fishing communities live today. I argue that there is a need to increase local consultation during inshore/coastal fishery policy amendment processes and local engagement with environmental assessment methods in Newfoundland specifically. The thesis critically breaks down industrial ecological systems and looks at how industrial fishing has created a series of policies, regulations, and systems that have historically influenced the contingency of the inshore/coastal fishery. The local stories captured in this thesis represent hopeful futures that reconcile ways to resolve problems within regulatory fishing systems and highlight individual and collective frustrations with licensing, fishing regions, catch quotas, and environmental assessments that inform policy.

FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / O modelo de desenvolvimento adotado pelo Brasil a partir da intensificaÃÃo da industrializaÃÃo, ocorrida na dÃcada de 30 do sÃculo passado, prioriza o crescimento econÃmico com base industrial urbana. Estendido à regiÃo Nordeste via SUDENE e ao estado do CearÃ, este modelo trouxe como conseqÃÃncias: exacerbada concentraÃÃo de renda, Ãxodo rural, aumento das desigualdades sociais e da pobreza, alÃm da exclusÃo do mercado formal da maior parte da populaÃÃo economicamente ativa - PEA do paÃs. Parece Ãbvio que ele nÃo serve ao conjunto da sociedade e precisa ser modificado. A melhor forma de fazÃ-lo à atravÃs da promoÃÃo do desenvolvimento local endÃgeno. Uma das formas de operacionalizar o desenvolvimento local endÃgeno à organizar a atividade econÃmica de pequenos produtores rurais atravÃs de cooperativas de modo a tornÃ-los ativos como agentes econÃmicos. Nesta pesquisa analisa-se uma das principais cadeias de produÃÃo locais â a cadeia da amÃndoa de castanha de caju - ACC, na qual os pequenos produtores rurais respondem pela maior parte da produÃÃo da matÃria prima bÃsica. Contudo, eles nÃo receberem benefÃcios compatÃveis com a sua importÃncia, ficando à margem da inclusÃo econÃmica e social, pois sÃo os atravessadores e os processadores que auferem a maior parte do lucro gerado pela cadeia. Para que esta cadeia contribua de uma maneira notÃria para a melhoria da qualidade de vida destes produtores à necessÃrio haver equilÃbrio entre seus elos internos e integraÃÃo com o seu ambiente externo, alÃm de organizaÃÃo e gerenciamento adequados para que ela se torne competitiva no mercado mundial. Neste contexto, apresenta-se um modelo organizacional operacional, visando contribuir para inserÃÃo competitiva de pequenos produtores de castanha do estado do Cearà no mercado globalizado. Tem-se como base os conceitos de pobreza, desigualdade, agricultura, agronegÃcio, sistemas agroindustriais, cadeias produtivas, suplly chain, suplly chain management, integraÃÃo, cooperaÃÃo e cooperativas. O modelo propÃe estruturar o conjunto e seus trÃs principais segmentos internos da cadeia para que atuem de forma sistÃmica, integrada, organizada e coordenada, estimulando assim, o desenvolvimento da cadeia, e contribuindo para que os pequenos produtores de castanha de caju no Cearà passem tambÃm a processÃ-la, e a receber benefÃcios proporcionais aos riscos e incertezas intrÃnsecos aos seus negÃcios / The development model adopted by Brazil as a result of industrial growth during the decade of 30 of last century, gives priority to the economical growth based on urban industry. Spreading out to the Northeast region via SUDENE and to the state of the CearÃ, as a result this model brought intensified concentration of income, rural exodus, increase of social inequalities and of poverty, besides the exclusion of the formal market and of most of the economically active population (PEA) of the country. It seems obvious that it does not serve society as a whole and needs to be modified. The best form of doing it is by promoting local endogenous development. One of the forms of putting into operation this local endogenous development is by organizing the economic activity of small rural producers through cooperatives as a way of making them active economic agents. This research analyzes one of the principal local chains of production â the chain of the cashew nut (ACC), in which the small rural producers answer for most of the production of the basic raw material. Nevertheless, they did not receive compatible benefits with in relation to its importance, putting them on the border of economic and social inclusion, since the middlemen and the processors derive most of the profit produced by the chain. In order for this chain to contribute in a publicly-known way to improve the quality of life of these producers it is necessary have a balance between their internal links and integration with their external environment, besides adequate organization and management in order to become competitive in the world-wide market. In this context, a well-organized and operational model is introduced, aiming to contribute to competitive insertion of small producers of cashew nuts of the state of the Cearà into the world market. As a base we have the concepts of poverty, inequality, agriculture, agrobusiness, agroindustrial systems, productive chains, supply chains, supply chain management, integration, cooperation and cooperatives. The model proposes to structure three principal internal segments of the chain in order to act in a systematic form, integrated, organized and coordinated, thus stimulating, the development of the chain, and contributing n such a manner that the small producers of cashew nuts in Cearà also begin to process it, and to receive benefits proportional to the risks and intrinsic uncertainties associated with their businesses