This diploma thesis focuses on the expression of the feminine gender in contemporary Portuguese. It is mainly concentrated on the manifestations of linguistic feminization within two language variants of Portuguese (European and Brazilian). The thesis is divided into several parts. The first part focuses on general issues related to the grammatical category of gender. This means that the linguistic gender is examined from a historical, semantic and syntactic point of view. Due to different interpretations of this category, the very nature of the grammatical gender is also discussed. The second part analyses the different ways in which the feminine gender can be expressed in contemporary Portuguese. The practical part is introduced by the third chapter and is connected with the main goal of this diploma thesis. It consists in verifying whether the manifestations of linguistic feminization, in this case the use of gender inflected forms, are common linguistic phenomena in Portuguese or not. To confirm this statement, linguistic data from two language corpora were used for this verification. Furthermore, the answers to the online questionnaire aiming at this issue became an additional source of the necessary data. The resulting figures prove a certain presence of linguistic feminization in both...

In the last years a rapid emergence of lexical resources has evolved in the Semantic Web. Whereas most of the linguistic information is already machine-readable, we found that morphological information is mostly absent or only contained in semi-structured strings. An integration of morphemic data has not yet been undertaken due to the lack of existing domain-specific ontologies and explicit morphemic data. In this paper, we present the Multilingual Morpheme Ontology called MMoOn Core which can be regarded as the first comprehensive ontology for the linguistic domain of morphological language data. It will be described how crucial concepts like morphs, morphemes, word forms and meanings are represented and interrelated and how language-specific morpheme inventories can be created as a new possibility of morphological datasets. The aim of the MMoOn Core ontology is to serve as a shared semantic model for linguists and NLP researchers alike to enable the creation, conversion, exchange, reuse and enrichment of morphological language data across different data-dependent language sciences. Therefore, various use cases are illustrated to draw attention to the cross-disciplinary potential which can be realized with the MMoOn Core ontology in the context of the existing Linguistic Linked Data research landscape.

Orientador: Parham Salehyan / Banca: Eduardo de Sequeira Esteves / Banca: Jéfferson Luiz Rocha Bastos / Resumo: O objetivo principal deste trabalho é estudar o Teorema de Riemann-Roch, um dos resultados fundamentais na teoria de curvas algébricas, e apresentar algumas de suas aplicações. Este teorema é uma importante ferramenta para a classificação das curvas algébricas, pois relaciona propriedades algébricas e topológicas. Daremos uma descrição das curvas algébricas de gênero g, 1≤ g ≤ 5, e faremos um breve estudo dos pontos de inflexão de um sistema linear sobre uma curva algébrica / Abstract: The main purpose of this work is to discuss The Riemann-Roch Theorem, wich is one of the most important results of the theory algebraic curves, and to present some applications. This theorem is an important tool of the classification of algebraic curves, sinces relates algebraic and topological properties. We will describle the algebraic curves of genus g, 1≤ g ≤ 5, and also study inflection points of a linear system on an algebraic curve / Mestre

Finding a topologically accurate approximation of a real planar algebraic curve is a classic problem in Computer Aided Geometric Design. Algorithms describing the topology search primarily the singular points and are usually based on algebraic techniques applied directly to the curve equation. In this thesis we propose a more geometric approach, taking into account the subsequent high-precision approximation. Our algorithm is primarily based on the identification and approximation of smooth monotonous curve segments, which can in certain cases cross the singularities of the curve. To find the characteristic points we use not only the primary algebraic equation of the curve but also, and more importantly, its implicit support function representation. Using the rational Puiseux series, we describe local properties of curve branches at the points of interest and exploit them to find their connectivity. The support function representation is also used for an approximation of the segments. In this way, we obtain an approximate graph of the entire curve with several nice properties. It approximates the curve within a given Hausdorff distance. The actual error can be measured efficiently. The ap- proximate curve and its offsets are piecewise rational. And the question of topological equivalence of the...

Bar code stores information in the form of series of bars and gaps with various widths, and therefore can be considered as an example of bilevel (square) signal. Magnetic bar codes are created by applying slightly ferromagnetic material to a substrate. Sensing is done by reading oscillator, whose frequency is modulated by presence of the mentioned ferromagnetic material. Signal from the oscillator is then subjected to frequency demodulation. Due to temperature drift of the reading oscillator, the demodulated signal is accompanied by DC drift. Method for removal of the drift is introduced. Also, drift-insensitive detection of presence of a bar code is described. Reading bar codes is complicated by convolutional distortion, which is result of spatially dispersed sensitivity of the sensor. Effect of the convolutional distortion is analogous to low-pass filtering, causing edges to be smoothed and overlapped, and making their detection difficult. Characteristics of convolutional distortion can be summarized into point-spread function (PSF). In case of magnetic bar codes, the shape of the PSF can be known in advance, but not its width of DC transfer. Methods for estimation of these parameters are discussed. The signal needs to be reconstructed (into original bilevel form) before decoding can take place. Variational methods provide effective way. Their core idea is to reformulate reconstruction as an optimization problem of functional minimization. The functional can be extended by other functionals (regularizations) in order to considerably improve results of reconstruction. Principle of variational methods will be shown, including examples of use of various regularizations. All algorithm and methods (including frequency demodulation of signal from reading oscillator) are digital. They are implemented as a program for a microcontroller from the PIC32 family, which offers high computing power, so that even blind deconvolution (when the real PSF also needs to be found) can be finished in a few seconds. The microcontroller is part of magnetic bar code reader, whose hardware allows the read information to be transferred to personal computer via the PS/2 interface or USB (by emulating key presses on virtual keyboard), or shown on display.

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a widely used tech-nique both for detecting and purifying substances in academy and in the industry. In order to facilitate the use of, and knowledge in HPLC, character-ization of stationary phases is of utmost importance. Tailor made characteri-zation methods and workflows are steadily increasing the speed and accura-cy in which new separation systems and methods are developed. In the field fundamental separation science and of preparative chromatography there is always the need for faster and more accurate methods of adsorption isotherm determination. Some of that demand are met with the steadily increase of computational power, but the practical aspects on models and methods must also be further developed. These nonlinear characterization methods will not only give models capable of describing the adsorption isotherm but also actual values of local adsorption energies and monolayer saturation capacity of an individual interaction sites etc.The studies presented in this thesis use modern alkali stable stationary phas-es as a model phase, which will give an insight in hybrid materials and their separation mechanism. This thesis will include an update and expansion in using the Elution by Characteristic Points (ECP) method for determination of adsorption isotherms. The precision is even further increased due to the ability to use slope data as well as an increase in usability by assigning a set of guidance rules to be applied when determine adsorption isotherms having inflection points. This thesis will further provide the reader with information about stationary phase characterization and the power of using existing tech-niques; combine them with each other, and also what the expansion of meth-ods can revile in terms of precision and increased usability. A more holistic view of what benefits that comes with combining a non-linear characteriza-tion of a stationary phase with more common linear characterization meth-ods are presented.

摘要 組織乃社會網絡的一員，其必須正視後現代主義者對當今後現代社會的觀察，以及必須面臨的嚴苛挑戰! 本論文旨在探討後現代主義思潮對當代組織的影響與啟示為何?部分當代管理情境(或稱後現代情境)， 例如，追求一切可能性、對簡單之渴望、感性的思維、 不確定性、 快速變遷、不連續性、模糊、 無界限、解構、 去中間化、 片斷化、 以族群取代社會階級、 多元化、尊重差異、超現實、以及反宰制性規則等等，對當代組織(或稱後現代組織)現在或未來在策略擬定時的影響與啟示為何? 面對後現代情境及其挑戰 ， 後現代組織現在或未來對策略之再思考為何? 後現代組織未來可能適用之新的組織模式為何? 以及後現代組織對策略之再思考的實務作為為何? 本研究主要以文獻探討與次級資料檢索之檔案研究法為主，資料檢索的對象(含個案資料之來源)是以探討較高層次的概念性策略新思維為主。至於屬於研究輔助性質之個案部分，則以屬於營利性質之全球知名多國籍企業、由製造導向轉型為服務導向者、或者可印證本研究所探討之策略新思維者為主。 經由本探索研究後發現，面對後現代主義思維的衝擊，以及後現代管理情境的挑戰，組織應該重新檢視其前提假設、回歸策略本質、勾勒遠大的構想、開創新的價值曲線以避開面對面競爭、重新尋找組織在數位世界的價值定位與經營模式、專注核心、建立社群、培養廣義「顧客」----利害關係人之新的忠誠度、善用所有利害關係人的關係與優勢、 注重組織內外部的整合以及策略要素之間的整合與一致性、擺脫語言牢籠(規則)的束縛而賦予員工彈性、持續尋找任何強調彈性結構、網絡關係、溝通效率、以及民主化機制的組織模式或概念。 最後，對於全球的多國籍企業，本研究建議其必須在全球的產業分工體系之下，勾勒遠大的構想、開創新的價值曲線、發展世界級的核心能力、建立或主導某些內外部社群或電子企業社群、採行time pacing策略以穩健成長、強化跨產業或跨國之組織與策略整合的作為、時時檢視與修改任何宰制性的政策或規則、以及繼續尋找與試行任何可能且可行的組織模式或概念。 / Abstract Organizations that are parts of social network must take into account those issues discovered and criticized by Postmodernist and those severe challenges facing organizations. This dissertation tries to explore those impact and implications aroused by postmodernist for contemporary organizations, those contemporary scenario (postmodern scenario) facing organizations, such as in search of possibilities, in need of simplicity, sensuous thinking, indeterminacy, a rapidly changing environment, discontinuity, ambiguity, boundarylessness, borderless, deconstruction, disintermediation, fragmentation, social class replaced by tribes, diversity, apprizing difference or otherness, hyperreality, and against governing rules, that will affect the strategic planning of organizations at present or in the coming future. In addition, this dissertation also tries to explore that currently or in the coming future how organizations rethink their strategies while facing postmodern scenario and its rigorous challenges, what forms, models or concepts of organization design that organizations can apply, and those managerial practices that organizations have ever executed. The research methodology adopted by this dissertation is primarily literature review and secondary data exploration. The target data including cases are focused on those conceptual strategic thinking. Those cases that are mainly complement to this dissertation are those distinguished multinational corporations (MNC) that have ever been transformed from manufacturing-oriented to service-oriented, or are able to prove partial strategic thinking reviewed in the dissertation. In the face of those thinking impact stirred by postmodernist and challenges resulted from postmodern managerial scenario, this dissertation concludes that organizations should review and rethink their assumption for the world, revisit the essence of strategy, picture and propose the big ideas, create or explore new value curves to avoid cruel face-to-face competition, explore new value positions and business models in the digital world, focus and develop core businesses and competence, build and manage communities, cultivate new types of royalty for those stakeholders partnering with organizations, utilize the relationships with and advantages from stakeholders, emphasize and advocate internal and external organizational integration and consistence and alignment for strategies, free from the cage of language and empower employees, keep exploring those organizational models or concepts that advocate or propose flexibility, networks of people, efficiency of communication, and spirit of democracy. In conclusion, this dissertation suggests that under global industrial value chains, multinational corporations should picture and propose the big ideas, create and explore new value curves, develop best-in-world core competence, form or dominate some internal or external communities or e-business communities, adopt strategy of time pacing for sound and moderate growth, reinforce cross-industry or cross-nation integration for organizations and strategies, keep reviewing and modifying any governing policy or rules, and keep searching and experimenting any latest possible and feasible models or concepts of organization.