Depuis l’aube des temps, quelle que soit la forme qu’elle a pu revêtir, l’une des préoccupations majeures de l’homme a été et demeure sa protection, celle de ses proches et de ses biens contre les aléas de la vie. C’est d’ailleurs dans cette perspective que les assurances ont été instituées.En Afrique, avant l’introduction de cette notion, c’est la solidarité sous ses diverses formes (assabiya, touiza, lahwa ou encore tontine) qui a servi de moyen de réparation du préjudice.Le droit des assurances qui a pour mission de régir l’activité, a, en Afrique une configuration intimement liée à l’histoire coloniale. L’étude de l’évolution de la notion d’assurance en Mauritanie et au Bénin, nous met face à deux systèmes juridiques, ayant des particularités relevant tantôt du droit musulman, tantôt du droit coutumier. Toutefois, le point de convergence de ces deux systèmes demeure les lois françaises en matière d’assurance dont ils ont hérité via la colonisation. Ce droit importé a t’il été assimilé par ces deux Pays ?Le Code CIMA, et le Code des Assurances Mauritaniennes nous permettrons d’appréhender le contrat d’assurance, l’indemnisation et, l’activité d’assurance : éléments indispensables pour dresser un état des lieux du secteur des assurances au Bénin et en Mauritanie. En Afrique, même si dans certains pays, le secteur des assurances est en nette croissance, les questions suscitées par cette thèse, seront relatives à l’adaptabilité de l’assurance conventionnelle aux pays africains dont le secteur des assurances peine à se développer.En tout état de cause, il sera nécessaire de mener une réflexion sur des alternatives de développement en Afrique de l'assurance conventionnelle. / Since the dawn of times, whatever the shape it has had, one of the major worries of mankind has been and still is his protection, the protection of the people close to him and that of his belongings against the hardship of life. In that perspective, Insurance companies have been created.In Africa, before the introduction of that notion, it is the solidarity in its various forms (assabiya, touiza, Iahwa or else tontine) that has served as means to repair damage.Insurance law that has for mission to govern the activity, has, in Africa a configuration that was intimately connected to the colonial history. The study of the evolution of the notion of insurance in Mauritania and in Benin puts us in front of two legal systems having peculiarities sometimes stemming from the islamic law or common law. However, the point of convergence of these two systems remains the French law which they inherited via colonization. This imported law has it been learned by these two countries?The CIMA code and the Mauritanian insurance code will allow us to fully grasp the insurance contrat, the compensation and the activity of insurance : essential elements to raise the current situation of the sector of the insurances in Benin and in Mauritania. In Africa, even if in certain countries the sector of the insurance is in net growth, the questions raised by this thesis will be relative to the adaptability of the conventional insurance in the African countries in which the sector of insurance has difficulty developing.In any case, it will be necessary to lead a reflexion on alternatives of the developement in Africa of the conventional insurance.

Thesis (M.Dev.) -- University of Limpopo, 2017. / This mini-dissertation examines the policies regulating the National Health Insurance Scheme. It explores the reforms on the health care system in South Africa. In addressing this issue, the mini-dissertation investigates the constitutional obligation of the South African government regarding the provision of health care services. It also focuses on the two primary issues relating to health care services. Firstly, South Africa has allocated significant budget to fix the ailing health care system. Secondly, South Africa commands huge health care resources compared with many other middle-income countries, however the bulk of these resources are in the private sector and serve a minority of the population. It further looks at the lessons that South Africa could learn from the successes of the National Health Insurance Scheme implementation in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries as it proceeds with the implementation of the National Health Insurance.

Note:

Note:

Thesis (LLM. (Labour Law)) -- University of Limpopo, 2013 / The South African government gazzetted the Green Paper introducing the NHI on 12 August 2012. This policy seeks to progressively realize the right of access to quality health care services for everyone. Those who cannot provide for themselves will be assisted by government at the expense of the elite. The NHI was first recommended by the Taylor Commission and it has been under the discussion since then. Since this announcement, there has been growing pressure for mandatory health insurance to be included in the development of a comprehensive social security system, as was envisaged by the Taylor Committee of Inquiry. This discussion was further debated at the 52nd conference of the African National Congress (ANC) in Polokwane in December 2007 where numerous resolutions were taken with regard to the NHI. The Freedom Charter of 1955 and also section 27 and 28 also provided some guidance.

Thesis (LLM ( Labour law)) --University of Limpopo, 2013 / Refer to document

<p>Det förekommer att hänvisningar görs till skadebegreppet inom skadeståndsrätten när fråga egentligen är om det försäkringsrättsliga skadebegreppet. Inom försäkringsrätten är det emellertid viktigt att dra en skarpare gräns än inom skadeståndsrätten för vad som skall anses utgöra exempelvis en skada eller en skadehändelse. Det handlar inte enbart om att fastställa huruvida en skada föreligger, utan kanske snarare om att avgöra huruvida försäkringsersättning skall utgå och om att avgränsa/definiera försäkringsgivarens ansvar. Olika försäkringsbolag använder olika skadebegrepp. Ett grundkoncept inom försäkringsrätten är ”en skada, en självrisk, ett försäkringsbelopp”. Härav följer att det är av stor betydelse att avgöra vad som skall anses konstituera en respektive flera skador. I denna uppsats utreds skillnaderna mellan de olika skadebegrepp som tillämpas i försäkringsvillkor och de konsekvenser dessa skadebegrepp har för försäkringsbolagens ansvar. Vidare utreds hur de i försäkringsvillkoren valda skadebegreppen skall tolkas för att avgöra hur flera skador skall behandlas. Dessutom undersöks vilka kriterier som skall vara uppfyllda för att flera skador tillsammans, försäkringstekniskt, skall behandlas som en.</p>

Det förekommer att hänvisningar görs till skadebegreppet inom skadeståndsrätten när fråga egentligen är om det försäkringsrättsliga skadebegreppet. Inom försäkringsrätten är det emellertid viktigt att dra en skarpare gräns än inom skadeståndsrätten för vad som skall anses utgöra exempelvis en skada eller en skadehändelse. Det handlar inte enbart om att fastställa huruvida en skada föreligger, utan kanske snarare om att avgöra huruvida försäkringsersättning skall utgå och om att avgränsa/definiera försäkringsgivarens ansvar. Olika försäkringsbolag använder olika skadebegrepp. Ett grundkoncept inom försäkringsrätten är ”en skada, en självrisk, ett försäkringsbelopp”. Härav följer att det är av stor betydelse att avgöra vad som skall anses konstituera en respektive flera skador. I denna uppsats utreds skillnaderna mellan de olika skadebegrepp som tillämpas i försäkringsvillkor och de konsekvenser dessa skadebegrepp har för försäkringsbolagens ansvar. Vidare utreds hur de i försäkringsvillkoren valda skadebegreppen skall tolkas för att avgöra hur flera skador skall behandlas. Dessutom undersöks vilka kriterier som skall vara uppfyllda för att flera skador tillsammans, försäkringstekniskt, skall behandlas som en.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:35:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio_Aurelio_Duarte.pdf: 1924489 bytes, checksum: 2f7c6abea0e711e944507874b1de384b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-03 / With the publication of IFRS 4, it was established that the Insurance Enterprises should submit their Technical Reserves to the Liability Adequacy Test - LAT. The Brazilian regulation for this test requires that the Current Estimate is discounted by a Term Structure of Interest Rates-TSIR. As the literature offers several methods for its construction, it will be necessary to choose among them and this condition the result of the LAT application. This paper aims to discuss and apply the interpolation technique by Cubic Spline, the parametric model of Svensson and the one-factor equilibrium model of Vasicek, the construction of TSIR which will be used to discount the Current Estimates of future cash flows under insurance contracts of life-contingent annuities and pensions. As a specific goal, we want to know and analyze the magnitude of the differences found in the results of the LAT from the use of different TSIR models. Rates traded on BM&FBOVESPA will be used to estimate the parameters that characterize each of the models presented. Finally, cash flows hypothetical and observed (Insurer practical case) will be used to perform robustness tests. The results indicate that: 1) The result of Liability Adequacy Test is sensitive to the choice of the model used in the construction of TSIR; 2) The sensitivity increases with the longevity of cash flow, to the extent that the current estimate is sensitive to average term of cash flow; 3) The LAT is an uncertain value in time, as TSIR depends on the macroeconomic factors prevailing at the time of its construction; 4) The adoption of an ultimate forward rate (UFR) for the Brazilian insurance market should be evaluated by the supervisor / Com a publica????o do IFRS 4, ficou estabelecido que as Companhias Seguradoras devem submeter suas Provis??es T??cnicas ao Teste de Adequa????o de Passivo &#61485; TAP. A regulamenta????o brasileira para este teste exige que a Estimativa Corrente seja descontada por uma Estrutura a Termo da Taxa de Juros ETTJ. Como a literatura especializada oferece diversas metodologias para sua constru????o, ser?? necess??rio optar por uma delas e, dessa forma, condicionar o resultado do TAP ?? sua aplica????o. Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral discutir e aplicar a t??cnica de interpola????o por Spline C??bico, o modelo param??trico de Svensson e o modelo de equil??brio unifatorial de Vasicek na constru????o da ETTJ que ser?? utilizada para descontar a Estimativa Corrente das obriga????es decorrentes dos contratos de seguros com cobertura por sobreviv??ncia. Como objetivo espec??fico, deseja-se conhecer e analisar a magnitude das diferen??as encontradas nos resultados do TAP decorrente da utiliza????o de diferentes modelos de ETTJ. As taxas negociadas nos preg??es da BM&FBOVESPA ser??o utilizadas para estima????o dos par??metros que caracterizam cada um dos modelos apresentados. Por fim, fluxos de caixa hipot??ticos e observados (caso pr??tico de uma Seguradora) ser??o utilizados para performar os testes de robustez. Os resultados indicam que: 1) O resultado do Teste de Adequa????o de Passivo ?? sens??vel ?? escolha do modelo utilizado na constru????o da ETTJ; 2) Esta sensibilidade aumenta com a longevidade do fluxo de caixa, na medida em que a Estimativa Corrente ?? sens??vel ao prazo m??dio dos pagamentos inerentes ao fluxo; 3) O TAP ?? um valor incerto no tempo, dado que a ETTJ depende dos fatores macroecon??micos vigentes na data de sua constru????o; 4) A ado????o de uma taxa a termo de longu??ssimo prazo (UFR) para o mercado segurador brasileiro deveria ser avaliada pelo regulador

In the UK and Saudi Arabia, it is necessary for the contracting parties in insurance contracts to comply with the requirement of the doctrine of utmost good faith. In recent years, the doctrine of utmost good faith and the mutual duties of the contracting parties have developed in different ways in each jurisdiction. Both jurisdictions provide consumer protection in insurance markets by Consumer Insurance (Disclosure and Representation) Act 2012 in the UK and Insurance Consumer Protection Principles 2014 in Saudi Arabia. However, there are many differences between the conduct of each jurisdiction since the coming into force of the Insurance Act 2015 in the UK, which revolutionised the insurance law in several key areas. This thesis particularly aims to critically analyse the reform of the doctrine of utmost good faith and looks at how the current reform impacts on the interpretation of this doctrine between the UK and Saudi jurisdictions. This study critically analyses the insureds’ pre-contractual duties for consumers and businesses in the UK with a comparison to Saudi law.