This thesis examines the current process of refugee integration in Germany. It aims at finding out, how it will be possible for Germany to successfully integrate the high number of asylum seekers, particularly from the Middle East, that have arrived here since Angela Merkel’s decision of suspending the Dublin Regulations and opening Germany’s borders to refugees in late summer of 2015. In order to do so, this thesis first seeks to develop a better understanding of the concept of integration through presenting Hartmut Esser’s sociological integration theory. While previous research offers a range of theoretical works within migration and integration research, there is a lack of adequate literature analyzing the present integration process in Germany, due to the topicality of the subject. As the integration of refugees will significantly shape Germany’s sociopolitical future during the upcoming years, it is hoped that this paper can contribute to bridging this gap by creating a first evaluation of the current circumstances. For this, a content analysis of the existing sources has been combined with the results of a small-scale field study, in which ten Germans have been interviewed, conveying their expectations and worries with regard to the integration of refugees. The findings of this research have given insight into the obstacles that Germany faces with regard to efficiently integrating the newly arrived refugees. It is, first and foremost, the lengthy bureaucratic procedures and the lack of an adequate integrative infrastructure that presently impede integration processes. An increasing dissatisfaction with the government’s unstructured plan of action has further given way to a tense atmosphere among the German population. Moreover, Germany’s perception of nationhood is, up until today, largely based on an ethnic concept. Together with the country’s past reluctancy to accept its status as an immigration country, these factors constitute a hampering environment for the ongoing integration of refugees. Yet, the analysis of the interviews has displayed a partly shared understanding of the concept of integration among the German population, in which especially tolerance and mutual efforts are valued most. In view of the fact that Germans have previously shown great willingness to receive refugees, these results give reason for hope. In the near future, it will become of crucial importance that the German government creates a thorough strategy, in which measures to strengthen integration are clearly described. It is only through fast and concrete actions, which allow room for flexibility, that infrastructural omissions can be compensated and the population’s trust in a successful outcome can be renewed. Finally, it will be necessary that future research takes into account the voices of refugees themselves in order to generate a more complex understanding of how successful integration can look like in Germany.

This thesis seeks to show that the origins of the 1961 British application to join the European Community lay primarily in the long standing personal commitment of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan both to the idea of supranational European aaangemeats, and to full British participation in them. It argues that fiom the beginning of his political career in the late 1920's, Macmillan displayed a strong commitment to an internationalist political philosophy dedicated to creating a new European and world order that would transcend and replace the nation-states of Europe and their colonial empires, and suppress European economic and political nationalism. His work and close involvement with the leading promoters of this world view is charted, including his membership of groups such as the Round Table, the Royal Institute for International Affairs (RIIA), and Political and Economic Planning (PEP). In particular, his active role in the establishment of the post 1945 European Movement and in his consistent dedication to the creation of supranational European institutions, is described. It is shown, moreover, that Macmillan maintained his European Movement connections throughout his time in high political office, and it is advocated that they hold the key to explaining the evolution of the application to join the European Community which he orchestrated as British Prime Minister in July 1961. It is also argued, that a logical manifestation of Macmillan's internationalist world view and commitment io European supranational integration, was a long-standing sympathy with the ideas and methods of the Soviet Union, and a belief that stable world management could be achieved as a result of a close collaboration with it.

Syftet med denna studie var att genom intervjuer med flyktingar skapa en bild av en supportgrupps funktion, vad det innebär att vara medlem, samt hur deltagandet i gruppen upplevs inverka på integrationsprocessen med avseende på lärande, empowerment och socialt kapital. Undersökningen är förlagd till Restad gårds flyktingförläggning och Supportgruppen och dess medlemmar står i fokus. En kvalitativ inriktning har valts för studien och 16 intervjuer utgör grunden för dess resultat. Studiens ändamål att fånga deltagarnas upplevelser ledde fram till en ansats inspirerad av fenomenologi. Resultatet visar att deltagande i Supportgruppen bidrar till ett utökat socialt kapital för medlemmarna – dels genom nya sociala nätverk, både på och utanför förläggningen, men också genom ett ökat socialt stöd inom gruppen. Ökad empowerment, då medlemmarna erhållit känslan av att kunna påverka sin egen situation, har kunnat ses. Detta har också kopplats till deltagande i gruppen. Resultatet visar vidare att olika former av lärande skett. Medlemmarna i Supportgruppen har dels utvecklat nya färdigheter, dels har de fått användning för sin egen kompetens men de har också fått möjlighet att situtionsanpassa sin kunskap till den nya kontext de hamnat i. Detta har gett dem olika former av livserfarenhet. Samtliga dessa faktorer har bidragit till en upplevelse av ökad integration och även en bättre hälsa hos medlemmarna i Supportgruppen på Restad gård. / The purpose of this study was to, through interviews with refugees, create an image of a support group’s function and what it means to be a member, also how participation in the group is perceived to impact the integration process, regarding learning, empowerment and social capital. The examination is located at Restad gårds refugee camp in Vänersborg, and the Support group and their members are in focus. The study for this paper was formed by a qualitative objective and 16 interviews constitute the base for the results. Since the aim of this study was to catch the participators' perceptions, we chose a phenomenology approach. The result showed that participation in the Support group contribute to an increase of social capital amongst the members – partly through new social networks, both in the camp and outside, but also through an increase of social support within the group. An increase of empowerment is found, since the members have gained the feeling that they can influence their own situation. This is another profit from participation in the group. The result further shows that different forms of learning has occurred. The members in the Support group have partly been able to gain new skills, to applicate their own competence, but also got the opportunity to situate their knowledge to the new context they have gotten into. This have given them different forms of life experience. All of these elements have led to a perception of increased integration, and also of better health amongst the members of the Support group at Restad gård.

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Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva och förstå hur arbetsförmedlarna på Arbetsförmedlingen arbetar med integrationsfrågor för nyanlända och hur belastningen av immigrationsvågen som startade 2015 har påverkat arbetsförmedlarnas roller. Därför kommer denna studie att identifiera vilka faktorer arbetsförmedlarna anser vara viktiga för en effektiv integration av nyanlända. Då tyngdpunkten i denna studie ligger i att undersöka Arbetsförmedlarnas roller i relation till etablering av nyanlända används en kvalitativ forskningsmetod med empirisk ansats - insamlat material erhålls från intervjuer, litteratur och elektroniska källor. Den valda metoden ger en djupare förståelse av arbetsförmedlarnas synsätt på integration av nyanlända även utförlig kunskap om hur dem arbetar med integrationsfrågor och etablering. Resultatet visar att invandringsökningen överbelastar arbetsförmedlarna och ger dem svårigheter att integrera de nyanlända. Idag är arbetsförmedlarna underbemannade och erhåller begränsat handlingsutrymme. På grund av ett strikt styrt regelverk kan inte arbetsförmedlarna utföra det arbete som reformerna kräver. Studien visar hur en mer fri arbetsroll för arbetsförmedlarna skulle påskynda nyanländas etablering och integration på arbetsmarknaden. / The purpose of this study is to describe and understand how employment officers at the Employment service is working with the integration of refugees and the impact of the immigration wave that began in 2015 has affected the working mediator’s roles. Therefore, this study will identify wich factors employment officers considers important for the effective integration of refugees. As the focus of this study is to investigate the roles of mediators of work in relation to the establishment of new arrivals used a qualitative research with empirical approach - collected material obtained from interviews, literature and electronic sources. This method gives a deeper understanding of the employment officers working approach to the integration of refugees, including detailed knowledge of how those working on integration issues and establishment. The result shows that the increase in immigration overloads employment officers and gives them the difficulty of integrating the refugees. Today's employment officers are understaffed and receive limited discretion. Due to a strictly controlled framework can not the employment agents do the work that the reform requires. The study also shows how a more free labor role in employment officer’s work can accelerate the integration of new arrivals and labor market integration.

Work is the key to the successful integration and an important indicator of integration statistics. A key indicator to monitor both at national- as local level.   This essay compares six Swedish municipalities to examine what factors leads to the positive outcome in achieved integration on the labor market. The six municipalities; Gnosjö, Emmaboda, Olofström, Oxelosund, Gällivare and Oskarshamn are considered as examples of the extraordinary good results. I have studied and described the "characteristics of immigrants" and "local conditions in the municipalities" and then compared sought to explain what leads to the positive result of achieved integration on the labor market. I have come to the conclusion that the characteristics of the immigrants seem to have less importance for achieved integration in the labor market. It’s likely to say that the the structure of the labor market can be a clausal variable to explain the success. But also, the strategic work of the municipalities to integration on the labor market.

The purpose of this paper is to develop some of the more basic Fourier transforms which are the outgrowth of the Fourier theorem. Although often approached from the stand-point of the series, this paper will approach the theorem from the standpoint of the integral.

This thesis provides a development of integration from two different points of view. In Chapter I, a measure and a measurable function are defined. A theory of integration is then developed in Chapter II based on the measure. In Chapter III, the integral is introduced directly without first going through the process of defining a measure, and a measure is developed from the integral. The concluding chapter shows the equivalence of the two integrals under rather general conditions.

The aim of the thesis is to develop a technique for collaborative creation of mappings of two XML schemas. More precisely, it will support a concurrent participation of several users at the same mapping via the Web. The method will be based on current XML schema mapping techniques but will extend them with the support for collaboration. The developed technique will be implemented in a user-friendly web application. The tool will support concurrent change operations invoked by the collaborating users, their merging and/or prioritization. Moreover, it will also keep previous versions of the mapping so it will be possible to return to an arbitrary previous version.

Title: Tool for Collaborative XML Schema Integration Author: Jiří Meluzín Department: Department of Software Engineering Supervisor: Martin Nečaský, Ph.D. Abstract: The aim of the thesis is to develop a technique for collaborative creation of mappings of two XML schemas. More precisely, it will support a concurrent participation of several users at the same mapping via the Web. The method will be based on current XML schema mapping techniques but will extend them with the support for collaboration. The developed technique will be implemented in a user-friendly web application. The tool will support concurrent change operations invoked by the collaborating users, their merging and/or prioritization. Moreover, it will also keep previous versions of the mapping so it will be possible to return to an arbitrary previous version. The thesis will analyze current methods for XML schema integration and collaborative schema editing and integration. The tool will be implemented on the base of Google Wave and GWT framework. Keywords: XML Schema, integration, collaboration