<p>One of the many tasks that an International Human Resource Management department has relates to the field of expatriation in which an employee is sent abroad to work in a foreign subsidiary. Expatriation is not a new concept, in the early modern era of expatriation after World War II, businesses were usually driven by international divisions that supervised the export issues, licensing and subsidiaries abroad. The main role of corporate human re-source department was to make it easier to select staff for foreign postings. This to find employees that were familiar with the activities and products of the company, organization, culture and also at the same time comfortable with working abroad.</p><p>The purpose of this thesis is to gain an understanding of how three Swedish multinational companies select and train their Parent-Country National (PCN) expatriates before the in-ternational assignment in China.</p><p>In order to reach the goal of our purpose, we have chosen to conduct case studies on three Swedish multinational companies that are currently operating in China, where interviews with the key persons for respective company has been made. The interviews was either conducted through phone or face-to-face.</p><p>Our Frame of reference is based upon four sub-chapters in which we in the first chapter defines the concept of Expatriation followed by a brief introduction of the cultural differ-ences between Sweden and China. The third chapter deals with the different selection is-sues and the fourth chapter deals with training issues.</p><p>Based on the Frame of reference, we created six major research questions in which from them we developed our interview questions.</p><p>Through the Empirical Findings which was analyzed with help of the Frame of reference, we can say that most of the processes within selection and training are not as visible and clear as what it is said in literatures compared to a few Swedish multinational companies practice.</p>

Syftet med uppsatsen är att studera det växande behovet av International Human Resource Management (IHRM) i syfte att skapa förståelse för företagets interna resurser och hur dessa kan bidra till företagets utveckling. För att uppnå uppsatsens syfte har vi utformat följande huvudproblem; I vilken utsträckning kan ett företags strävan efter internationell framgång förstås genom dess ledare? För att besvara det formulerade huvudproblemet har vi valt att använda en kvalitativ ansats och tillämpat fallstudie som forskningsstrategi. Den teoretiska referensramen innefattar en beskrivning av olika etableringsstrategier och medföljande ledarpositioner samt behandlar det resursbaserade synsättet vilket är relevant för vårt ämnesval och vår frågeställning. Vidare består av teorikapitlet av en deskription av IHRM och tillsättningsstrategier. Det empiriska kapitlet behandlar den information som tillhandahållits genom fallföretaget och dess informanter rörande ledarpositioner och efterfrågade kompetenser hos en internationell ledare. Kapitlet är strukturerat utefter de informanter vi utsett; företagets VD, marknadschef samt försäljningschefer. I analyskapitlet diskuteras och analyseras den teoretiska referensramen tillsammans med det empiriska utfallet. Kapitlet belyser de olika ledarpositioner som medför de valda etableringsstrategier samt vilka kompetenser som prioriteras vid tillsättning av den internationella ledaren. Från vår analys framgår det att de främsta kompetenser en kvalificerad försäljningschef bör besitta är förmågan till social kompetens och ett tekniskt kunnande, goda förhandlingskunskaper samt en stark drivkraft. Vidare i kapitlet analyseras de faktorer som kan bidra till företagets internationella framgång. Uppsatsens slutsats visar att NORDENs ledande position inom tubfyllningsbranschen har uppkommit tillföljd av försäljningschefernas ovärderliga erfarenhetsbaserade kunskaper samt förmågan att anpassa företagets globala strategi till lokala kunders önskemål. Avslutningsvis presenteras förslag till fortsatt forskning inom IHRM samt rekommendationer till fallföretaget.

Expostas à concorrência externa intensa com a abertura da economia e a criação do Mercosul, as empresas brasileiras começam a se movimentar mais efetivamente no sentido da internacionalização na década de 1990, culminando, na década seguinte, com uma explosão de iniciativas dessas empresas em busca de novos mercados. Nasce com essa nova realidade, a necessidade de constituir quadros de gestores e especialistas para implantar e gerenciar o empreendimento. É fundamental, portanto, que essas empresas estabeleçam um novo modelo de gestão de pessoas que seja abrangente a esses novos desafios organizacionais. O interesse da pesquisa está no processo que essas empresas empreenderam ou vêm empreendendo, para atingir estágios de satisfação com as políticas de recompensas tanto da empresa como de seus empregados. Conhecer os caminhos percorridos pelas empresas que já consolidaram sua inserção internacional, com seus acertos e erros, significa a possibilidade de pavimentar um terreno para facilitar a adoção de políticas mais adequadas às contingências dos novos empreendimentos. Foi adotado o método de estudo de casos múltiplos, com a participação das empresas Camargo Corrêa e Votorantim, sendo aplicada análise de conteúdo e de acontecimentos cronológicos, coerente com uma concepção longitudinal de estudo. Entre as principais contribuições deste trabalho está a consolidação de uma literatura internacional sobre gestão internacional de recompensas, ressaltada a identificação dos diversos modelos de remuneração adotados e o resgate histórico da sua adoção; a verificação, em uma perspectiva longitudinal, das alterações introduzidas nos modelos de recompensas em designações internacionais pelas empresas brasileiras e a criação de um modelo teórico de referência para gestão das recompensas para expatriados que considera as variáveis interferentes e os pressupostos que fundamentam as decisões. O estudo pode colaborar com as empresas que passam pelo processo de internacionalização na adoção do modelo aplicado mais apropriado ao seu momento. / Exposed to intense external competition, due to the economy opening and the creation of MERCOSUR, the Brazilian companies begun to move more effectively towards internationalization in the 1990s. Therefore, culminating with an explosion of initiatives in the next decade leading businesses to search for new markets. Taking into account this new reality, rises the need to establish frameworks for managers and specialists to deploy and manage the venture. In this regard is crucial that those companies establish a new model of human resources management that is capable to deal with these new organizational challenges. Research interests is based on the process that these companies have undertaken, or comes after, to achieve stages of satisfaction of both, companies and respective employees, related to the policies of rewarding. Knowing the ways the companies went through with has already consolidated its international insertion, considering hits and constraints, means the possibility to pave a plot of land to facilitate the adoption of policies that are more appropriate to the contingencies of new ventures. In this sense, was adopted the method of multiple cases study, with the involvement of companies such as Camargo Corrêa and Votorantim, being applied analyses of content and timing events consistent with a longitudinal study. Among the main contributions of this work is the consolidation of international literature on international management rewards, underlining the identification of various models of compensation adopted as of their history; nonetheless, the verification, in a longitudinal perspective, of changes in models of employees rewards in international assignment and the creation of a theoretical model of management for rewards within expatriates, considering the assumptions and variables interfering and/or underlying such decisions. The study intends to collaborate with companies that pass through these processes of internationalization to adopt more appropriatemodel to their context.

This dissertation explores the underresearched topic of the motivation of non-profit organizational (NPO) workers for accepting international assignments (IAs). In the literature review, the motivation and reasons for working and living outside the home country by multinational corporate expatriates, international migrants, and long-term international volunteers are summarized. With the reasons for expatriation distilled from the literature, a self-determination theory (SDT) approach, and open-ended questions, the motivations for NPO workers to accept IAs are factor analyzed and triangulated using data from a sample of more than 140 Christian mission and humanitarian workers originating from 25 countries and representing 48 sending organizations. Four NPO worker motivation profiles are tentatively identified and described using cluster analysis of the SDT motivations and Kruskal-Wallis analysis of the reasons of accepting an IA, individual cultural values, organizational commitment, and demographic variables. The NPO worker cluster groups include the Caring Internationalist, the Self-Directed Careerist, the Obedient Soldier, and the Movement-Immersed Worker. The findings hold implications for international human resource managers toward the effective recruitment, selection, training and development, career management, and support and encouragement of NPO expatriates with the goal of an increase in the incidence of expatriation assignment success.

Trots att industrin står för hela 20 % av den totala sysselsättningen i Sverige, utgörs 80 % av branschens anställda av män. I denna kvalitativa studie av det multinationella företaget Stora Enso, undersöktes företagets arbete med Gender Diversity Management på marknader med olika typer av nationell kultur. Teorier som berör International Human Resource Management, Gender Diversity Management och nationell kultur utgör studiens teoretiska referensram. Fem intervjuer har genomförts med informanter från Stora Ensos olika avdelningar. Studien visade att Stora Enso har en del lokala policys gällande GDM, men att detta bör arbetas mer konkret med på central nivå, då de anställda upplevde att företaget i vissa avseenden brast inom ämnet. Då det fanns både fördelar och nackdelar med Stora Ensos arbete med GDM på såväl hemmamarknaderna som värdmarknaden finns det inga tydliga indikationer på att olika typer av nationell kultur har varit avgörande för företagets möjlighet att bedriva GDM.

In my diploma thesis I deal with intercultural competencies, which are a relatively new phenomenon. It started to evolve on the grounds of the influence of globalization and internacionalization. I have made an overview of the changing life of organizations, especially in the area of Human Resource Management, which grows into international extent. I have considered the reasons leading to the growth of the (significant) needs of interculturally educated employees. Recent development of social, political and economical reality indicate the fact, that this need will be more and more urgent in the future. Because of the reducing importance of borders between nations and among economics the contact among members of different cultures in personal and work life is still more frequent and intensive. In the order to be efficient in cooperation with individuals from different cultural environment it is necessary to understand each other, capture the way of partner's thinking and behavior, forbearance and knowledge of cultural specifics. Training focused on development of intercultural competencies is thus an inevitable requirement of employee's preparation to long-term residence abroad and its completion is the precondition of smooth course of adaptation in a foreign country. Therefore, I pay attention to the...

This thesis examines approaches to international human resource management by Taiwanese MNCs located in the UK. A range of international human resource management models are discussed, from the universalist paradigm originating in the US to more contextual models, particularly those emphasising the impact of culture. The key elements of Chinese culture and their application to management are reviewed Interview and questionnaire data is drawn from 32 Taiwanese companies operating in the UK in the manufacturing and financial services sectors, and is analysed using SPSS and NVivo packages. Key findings include that the cultural origin of Taiwanese managers remains crucial in the way they manage UK subsidiaries. The small size of the Taiwanese companies also influences their internationalisation and international human resource strategy. In addition, there is a sectoral difference in the different HR practices being adopted. Japanese MNCs have been the only non-western MNCs to have been studied in depth. Although the Japanese and Chinese have been said to share a similar culture, they are shown in this thesis to adopt different techniques to achieve their HRM goals. It is concluded that many goals similar to those of western models of HRM can be found in Taiwanese MNCs, but achieved through different HR practices, for example, group reward rather than individual reward for commitment. It is suggested that conventional HRM frameworks fail to readily explain companies of non-western origin and the thesis tries to develop an IHRM model suitable for Chinese MNCs. Following strong economic development in China, research on Taiwanese MNCs can contribute to future perspectives on Chinese internationalisation and management transfer.

This thesis deals with the system of human resource management in international companies. The theoretical part is focused on the concept of international human resource management basic methods and trends and techniques of human resource management in international corporations. The practical part is devoted to analyze the current state of human resources management in ADP Employer Services Ceska republika a.s. the daughter company of international organization ADP Inc. Based on my practical research: employees survey and personal interview with the local HR Business Partner Lead I will evaluate the current state of human resource management system in the company and make series of recommendations that will help to improve the system of human resources for ADPs branch in Czech Republic which is the main contribution of this thesis.

Aim ~ The aim of the study is to explore the phenomenon of external international recruitment and examine how the international recruitment and selection process is designed in practice. Regarding this aim, the study’s focus is on standardization and customization of the international recruitment process in terms of cultural and institutional aspects. Method ~ The study is based on a qualitative research method and a thematic template analysis of 11 semi-structured interviews. The sampling technique is a non-probabilistic and purposive method, resulting in respondents who are recruiters or managers which in their work participate in full-cycle or parts of the external international recruitment process. The,interviews were conducted during the time period of April - May 2022, through digital meetings or by phone. Results ~ The methods used in external international recruitment were found to be online interviewing, tests, and sourcing. Findings disclose that the international recruitment processis affected by culture in terms of three features: national, global, and generational. Additionally, institutional aspects were found to affect the recruitment sources and thus influence the process by regional divisions. As well, corporate institutions such as company size and degree of centrality were found to influence the process design. Conclusion ~ The external international recruitment process is characterized by high standardization in the preliminary phases, while a higher degree of customization according to institutional differences and cultural individuality of candidates is undertaken towards these lection phase. Thus, results are explained by institutional theory and the concepts of legitimacy and isomorphism, as the international recruitment and selection process is adapted to constraints in turn to create legitimate practices. As well, organizations are seemingly taking on the presented international recruitment process and becoming similar in their actions.

The thesis deals with the phenomenon of employees' global mobility in large multinational companies. Primarily, it focuses on the expatriation process from the perspective of the necessary support of expatriates by HR department. In the practical part, there are compared the current practices of four multinational organizations. The goal of the work is to choose the best practice, which the most eliminates the international assignment failure. The thesis further formulates the recommendations designed for companies implementing new policies in the area of employee global mobility. Work is processed by an analysis of secondary sources - literature, textbooks, professional journals, international studies and articles or websites of analyzed companies.