Magister Legum - LLM / Chapter 2 of the Constitution contains the Bill of Rights, which ‘enshrines the rights of all people in our country and affirms the democratic values of human dignity, equality and freedom.’1 By rights being afforded to the employee in the workplace, such rights need to be protected (legislation being implemented by legislature is subjugated by the Bill of Rights).2 Labour legislation being implemented in order to protect the rights afforded to the employees,therefore creating fair labour practice in terms of section 23 of the Constitution. Such legislation needs to take in regards various rights of an employee, such as the right to privacy3 of an employee. This resulted in creating domestic legislation in order to protect employees’ rights to privacy. A detail discusses of how various domestic legislation were implemented to protect the right is discussed in Chapter 2. In addition to the implementation of domestic legislation giving effect to the right to fair labour practices, the Constitution requires that international law be considered when individual and a further international obligations with regards to international standards). Section 39(1)(b) provides that ‘when interpreting the Bill of Rights, a court, tribunal or forum must consider international law’. This means that standards set by the International Labour Organisation and Conventions must be considered when interpreting the right to fair labour practice.4 A detailed discussion is dealt with in Chapter 2. The primary research question of this thesis is ‘is an employee’s right to privacy infringed by requiring a medical condition to be disclosed on a sick note for purposes of statutory sick leave?’ In answering this question, a number of ancillary questions must be answered, including whether doctor and patient confidentiality is breached in disclosing such information on a sick note; to what extent medical information can be disclosed in the medical information; whether there is a potential for misuse of information disclosed on the medical certificate against the employee; whether such disclosure of information could lead to unfair labour practice where the employee can be unfairly discriminated against based on such disclosure and how is privacy is being protected and processed in terms of legislation domestically and foreign legislation.

This Dissertation evaluates the potential opportunities, challenges and outcomes attendant on Vietnam’s modernisation effort through the incorporation of International Labour Organisation (ILO) Core International Labour Standards (CILS) on freedom of association and collective bargaining into Vietnam law. The Dissertation shows that although Vietnam is likely to benefit from incorporating the CILS on freedom of association and collective bargaining into its legal system, its constitutional value system is not currently consistent with those of particular ILO CILS. It offers recommendations on pre- substantive and procedural measures necessary to ensure the successful reception of ILO CILS on freedom of association and collective bargaining into Vietnam legal practice.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-09-19T10:17:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Paula Sawaya Pereira do Vale Bernardes David.pdf: 1489014 bytes, checksum: fb33f68e964e1b1862d4a2fdff6c49a8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-19T10:17:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Paula Sawaya Pereira do Vale Bernardes David.pdf: 1489014 bytes, checksum: fb33f68e964e1b1862d4a2fdff6c49a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-27 / This thesis analyzes the formation of a "collective conscience" that favors the protection of labor rights not only in the internal sphere of each country, but in an international scope. In this way, by deepening the mechanisms of action of the International Organizations, especially the ILO, it will be avoided that strictly economic interests overlap with the interests of the vast majority of the world population that needs human rights implementations. second generation, namely, social rights. The strengthening of this conscious collective conscience necessarily involves the strengthening of international organizations, the revision of the perception of national states about their limitations and the extent of sovereignty. It also stresses the importance of a more direct dialogue between international bodies and social actors that have gained relevance during the twentieth century, namely individuals and large business and economic conclomerates / Esta tese analisa a formação de uma “consciência coletiva” que favoreça a proteção dos direitos trabalhistas não apenas na esfera interna de cada país, mas em âmbito internacional. Com isso, aprofundando os mecanismos de atuação das Organizações Internacionais, em especial da Organização Mundial do Trabalho – OIT, evitar-se-á que os interesses estritamente econômicos se sobreponham aos interesses da grande maioria da população mundial que necessita de implementações dos direitos humanos de segunda geração, quais sejam, os direitos sociais. O fortalecimento deste consciente coletivo protetivo passa necessariamente pelo próprio fortalecimento das organizações internacionais, pela revisão da percepção dos Estados nacionais sobre suas limitações e sobre a amplitude da soberania. Sobreleva, ainda, a importância de um diálogo mais direto entre os órgãos internacionais e atores sociais que ganharam relevância no decorrer do século XX, quais sejam, os indivíduos e os grandes conclomerados empresariais e econômicos

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:22:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda de Miranda S C Abreu.pdf: 546978 bytes, checksum: 897e2c02c9a2d8e07a40d9eaa592c9d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-20 / This paper aims to study the international labor conventions arising from the International Labour Organization and the treatment they received in the Brazilian legal system. To do so, we start the study of the general theory of treaties, encompassing its species (including a novel kind of human rights treaties), its relationship with national law - including the hierarchy that will once internalized-, its ratification and its complaint always tangential to the vision of the Supreme Court on the respective subjects. Then move into the study of the International Labour Organization and what its creation represented to the consolidation of labor law and human rights, analyzing the instruments owned by this organization for the protection of these rights and their specific front treaties in general. Finally, we will analyze three ILO conventions: the n° 132, 87 and 158, because they represent different situations facing our constitutional system and allow an accurate analysis and practice of all institutes here scattered, allowing us to give an overview of treatment received by the international labor conventions by the highest court of the country and by the law enforcement in general. Because this is a descriptive study, it will be based on research, sometimes using the deductive method and other inductive, especially in critical reflections on the normative texts / O presente trabalho objetiva estudar as convenções internacionais do trabalho oriundas da Organização Internacional do Trabalho e o tratamento por elas recebido no sistema jurídico brasileiro. Para tanto, parte-se do estudo da teoria geral dos tratados, englobando suas espécies (inclusive a novel espécie dos tratados de direitos humanos), sua relação com o direito nacional inclusive a hierarquia que terão uma vez internalizados-, sua ratificação e sua denúncia, sempre tangenciando a visão do Supremo Tribunal Federal sobre tais temas. Em seguida passa-se ao estudo da Organização Internacional do Trabalho e o que representou sua criação na consolidação do direito do trabalho como matéria de direitos humanos, analisando o ferramental possuído por esta organização para a tutela destes direitos e suas especificidades frente aos tratados em geral. Por fim, serão analisadas três convenções da OIT, quais sejam as de n° 132, 87 e 158, por representarem diferentes situações frente à ordem constitucional pátria e permitirem uma análise acurada e prática de todos os institutos aqui esmiuçados, permitindo-nos traçar um panorama do tratamento recebido pelas convenções internacionais do trabalho pela mais alta Corte do país e pelos operadores do direito em geral. Por se tratar de um estudo descritivo e exploratório, será realizado com base na pesquisa bibliográfica e histórica, utilizando por vezes do método dedutivo e outras o indutivo, principalmente nas críticas e reflexões acerca dos textos normativos.

Magister Philosophiae - MPhil

Investigates to what extent international trade and investment policies affect the labour rights of EPZ (Export Processing Zones) workers in Kenya. Audit the existing legal and policy framework for labour protection in Kenya and determines the extent to which the labour rights of EPZ workers in Kenya are protected. Also examines whether whether the EPZs are beneficial to Kenya and identify ways in which the labour rights of EPZ workers can be protected. / Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2007. / A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Prof Hani Sayed of the American University in Cairo, Egypt. / http://www.chr.up.ac.za/ / Centre for Human Rights / LLM

D’après la Convention n° 182 de l’OIT, toutes les formes d’esclavage ou pratiques analogues, telles que la servitude pour dettes et le servage, la traite, le travail forcé, ainsi que le recrutement obligatoire des enfants dans les conflits armés figurent parmi les pires formes de travail des enfants. Ledit instrument regroupe l’ensemble de ces notions dans une seule et même catégorie pouvant donner lieu à une possible ambiguïté. Le but de ce travail est de faire toute la lumière sur les nuances qui distinguent chacune de ces notions en droit international, européen (en particulier, le droit du Conseil de l’Europe) et iranien. Cette thèse se compose de deux parties. La première partie traite de l’évolution du cadre juridique international, européen et iranien dans la lutte contre le travail des enfants dans son ensemble. La deuxième partie, quant à elle, se penche sur les formes particulièrement graves de travail des enfants, d’ordre économique, qui nécessitent de ce fait un régime juridique spécifique. / Child Labour and Child Exploitation in International, European and Iranian law (a Comparative Legal Study): According to the ILO’s Convention No. 182, all forms of slavery or similar practices, such as debt bondage and serfdom, trafficking, forced labour and compulsory recruitment of children for use in armed conflicts appear among the worst forms of child labour. The aforementioned Convention classifies all these concepts into a singlecategory which may give rise to a possible ambiguity. The aim of this thesis is to shed light on the nuances of each of these notions in international, European (in particular, Council of Europe) and Iranian law. This thesis consists of two parts. The first part deals with theevolution of the international, European and Iranian Legal framework in the fight against child labour in general. The second part particularly focuses on grave forms of child labour of economic nature which require a specific legal regime.

This dissertation examines the Conventions and Recommendations to regulate the minimum age for admission to employment between the years 1919 and 1973 – the ILO minimum age campaign. The adoption process has been studied in its chronological and historical context. The dissertation has three points of departure: that childhood is a historical construction and that the legal material is part of that construction; that the minimum age campaign suffered from a ‘hang-over-from-history’, namely, the history of Western industrialisation during the 19th and early 20th centuries; and, finally, that children had a subordinate and weak position in the minimum age campaign. The study was organised around five central themes: (1) the over-all theme of predominant conceptions of children and work; (2) the relationship between industrialised and colonised and developing nations; (3) the relationship between the child, the family and the state; (4) minimum age; and (5) the importance of school. The most important results of the study are that: (1) In view of the revolutionary changes during the 20th century the continuity in the minimum age campaign was remarkable. In 1919, the ‘child labour problem’ was an issue mainly for the Western industrialised word. By the end of the campaign, in 1973, the transformations in societies during the century had made ‘the child labour problem’ an issue mainly for the developing world and with different conditions and implications in many respects. The content and ‘grammar’ of the minimum age campaign was however never really challenged. (2) The study has verified that the minimum age campaign suffered from a ‘hang-over-from history’. The campaign built directly on the Western industrial experience during the 19th and early 20th centuries. The Western dominance in the ILO, the legal transplants, and the roots in the labour movement all contributed to the ‘hang-over’. (3) The minimum age campaign was modelled on the ‘norm of the Western industrialised childhood’. The norms and realities of childhood in other parts of the world were neglected of considered as provisional and inferior phases in relation to the Western ‘norm’. In this way, there were two separate childhoods in the minimum age campaign: ‘the normal’ childhood conceived for Western conditions and ‘the other’ childhood conceived for the ‘imperfect’ conditions of poor children in the colonised and developing nations.(4) In the minimum age campaign the ‘best interests of the child’ was negotiable and was subordinated in case of conflict with other interests.

Cette thèse approfondit le concept d’éducation tout au long de la vie ainsi que le développement intégral de la personne à l’ère de la globalisation. Pourquoi s’interroger sur cette question évidente mais vitale de nos jours face aux mutations sociétales ? Premièrement, il s’agit de confronter les différentes politiques éducatives menées par les grandes organisations internationales (UNESCO, OIT, OCDE, Conseil de l’Europe), l’Union européenne et la Roumanie, à titre d’exemple d’application des réformes au niveau national. Deuxièmement, l’étude est basée scientifiquement sur de nombreuses et longues enquêtes sur le terrain, auprès de hauts fonctionnaires internationaux et européens et de responsables nationaux. Cette étude montre que l’éducation tout au long de la vie est une réalité incontournable : même en l’absence d’une définition unique et unifiée du concept au niveau international. L’Union européenne tend vers une politique commune d’éducation et les politiques éducatives en Roumanie se heurtent à des difficultés liées à l’instabilité politico-économique et au conformisme européen. / This PhD proposes an analysis of lifelong learning and the integral development of the human being in the era of globalization. We are currently asking ourselves where lifelong learning policies come from? In order to answer this question, we proceeded in two stages. Firstly, the theoretical elements linked to educational policies were developed on three levels: international organizations (UNESCO, ILO, OECD, Council of Europe), the European Union and the Romanian national authorities.Secondly, 63 semi-structured interviews with officials were analyzed on three levels: international, European and national. The thematic analysis of the content revealed that lifelong learning is an inescapable reality, but there is no unified definition at international level. We are moving towards a common education policy at the European Union level and major difficulties linked to political and economic instability and european conformity are being encountered in Romania.

Text in Afrikaans / In hierdie studie is gepoog om die sogenaamde "reg om te staak" aan die hand van nasionale en internasionale invloede te ontleed. Dit is veral die International labour Organisation se voorstelle wat 'n invloed gehad het om die Suid-Afrikaanse reg in lyn met die internasionale posisie te bring. Daar word egter gewys op die beperkinge van die reg om te staak, byvoorbeeld in die geval van noodsaaklike dienste en staatsdiensamptenare. Vervolgens is die Suid-Afrikaanse stakingsreg onder die loep geneem en is daar gekyk na die gemene reg, statutere reg en die gevolge van 'n staking. Die Suid-Afrikaanse reg is toe vergelyk met 'n aantal ILO-beginsels. Die moontlike invloed van die Grondwet, 200 van 1993 op die arbeidsreg is bespreek. Die ·studie konkludeer dat, alhoewel daar nie 'n absolute reg om te staak is nie, sodanige reg onder sekere omstandighede erken moet word. / The aim of the study was to analyse the so-called "right to strike" by looking at national as well as international influences on the subject. The suggestions by the International labour Organisation in particular had an influence on changing the South African position. The limitations on the right to strike were also scrutinized. The South African strike law was discussed. The common law position, statutory law as well as the consequences of a strike were analysed. The South African position was also compared with a few llO principles. The possible influence of the Constitution, Act 200 of 1993 on labour law was discussed. The study concluded that, althot:.Jgh there is not an absolute right to strike, such a right must be recognized in certain circumstances. / Mercentile Law / LL. M.