Marginal values of water us ed in irrigation are needed if water is to be optimally allocated among alternative uses. Cobb- Douglas production function analysis and linear programming methods were studied in this investigation to find their fruitfulness in predicting these marginal values. The theoretical properties of both methods indicate that they are conceptually capable of yielding valid marginal value estimates for irrigation water. Further investigation of the two methods was carried out as an empirical test in the Milford area of Utah . Marginal values of water used for irrigation in that area were estimated by both procedures. Although inviolable criteria for testing the validity of the estimates are not available, imperfect standards or' measure imply that they are sound. Linear programming and Cobb -Douglas production function anal ysis are therefore concluded to be fruitful methods of es timating marginal values of water used for irrigation.

Behovet av att analysera volatilt minne från Macintosh-datorer med OS X har blivit allt mer betydelsefull på grund av att deras datorer blivit allt populärare och att volatil minnesanalysering blivit en allt viktigare del i en IT-forensikers arbete. Anledningen till att volatil minnesanalysering blivit allt viktigare är för att det går att finna viktig information som inte finns lagrad permanent på datorns interna hårddisk. Problemet som låg till grunden för det här examensarbetet var att det uppenbart fanns brist på undersökningsmetoder av det volatila minnet för Mac-datorer med OS X.Syftet med detta arbete var därför att undersöka möjligheten att utvinna information från ett volatilt minne från en Mac-dator med OS X genom att kartlägga och bedöma olika undersökningsmetoder. För att göra denna undersökning har litteraturstudier, informella intervjuer, egna kunskaper och praktiska försök genomförts.Slutsatsen blev att möjligheten att utvinna information från det volatila minnet från en Mac-dator med OS X är relativt begränsad. Det största problemet är själva dumpningen av minnet. Många av dumpningsmetoderna som finns att tillgå kräver administrativa rättigheter. Vid analysering av en minnesdump bör man aldrig förlita sig på en analysmetod då olika analysmetoder ger olika resultat som kan vara till nytta för en vidare undersökning av en Mac-dator. / The need to analyze volatile memory on Macintosh computers with OS X has become increasingly important due to the fact that their computers have become more popular and volatile memory analysis has become a more important part of an IT-forensics work. The reason volatile memory analysis has become more important is that it's possible to find information that’s not stored permanently on the computer’s hard drive. The problem that formed the basis for this thesis was that it was obvious there was a lack of methods of investigation of the volatile memory for Macs running OS X.The aim of this work was therefore to investigate the possibility of extracting information from a volatile memory from a Mac computer with OS X by identifying and assessing different methods of investigation. To do this investigation, literature studies, informal interviews, own knowledge and practical attempts have been conducted.It was concluded that the ability to extract information from the volatile memory from a Mac-computer with OS X is relatively limited. The biggest problem is the dumping of the memory. Many of the available dumping methods require administrative rights. When analyzing a memory dump you should never rely on one analyze method since different analyze methods give different results that can be useful for further investigation of a Mac-computer.

The main goal of master's thesis is to find out the technical and structural condition of building "Children and Youth Centre". This building is situated on the Komenského street in Velké Meziříčí. The main reason for diagnostic is to find out posibilities for building edits. The second reason is to get objective informations about technical condition of structural units.

Syfte: I dagens läge byggs nya dagvattendammar för att magasinera dagvatten som överbelastar dagvattenledningssystemen och de befintliga dagvattendammarna förblir utan översyn. Eftersom klimatförändringar bidrar till att femårsregn kommer i en högre frekvens ökar flödet av dagvatten och orsakar att allt fler dagvattendammar kommer att bli underdimensionerade. För att bevara samhällsfunktioner utreds en generell arbetsprocess hur kommuner kan undersöka och bevara befintliga dagvattendammar. Metod: Metoderna som används är intervju, fallstudie och litteraturstudie. Intervju bidrar till att lösningar och förslag av undersökningsmetoder och åtgärdsförslag samlas in. Fallstudien utfördes på tre olika dagvattendammar och undersöker vilka undersökningsmetoder som kan användas. Att samla empiri i ett praktiskt fall bör bidra till att utredningens trovärdighet förstärks. De metoderna som användes i fallstudien är beräkningar, sedimentprovtagning och dokumentanalys från underlag av befintliga dagvattendammar. Med hjälp av litteraturstudie analyseras utredningens empiri med andra källor för att kontrollera empirins tillförlitlighet. Resultat: Ett flertal undersökningsmetoder och åtgärdsförslag analyserades. Tre undersökningsmetoder som passade en generell arbetsprocess var: flödesproportionell provtagning, sedimentprovtagning och dagvattenberäkningar med dagvattenmodellen Stormtac. Åtgärdsförslag som passade var: byggnation av en vall runt dammen för att utöka magasineringen, plantering av växter som tar upp näringsämnen och tungmetaller bundna i dagvattnet, utnyttja dagvattendammens form där dagvattendammens hydrauliska effektivitet utnyttjas maximalt samt anlägga fördamm med en makadamvall med vattenlevande växter. Konsekvenser: Flödesproportionell provtagning var tillförlitlig undersökningsmetod enligt intervju och litteraturstudie. Sedimentprovtagning av sediment i botten av inoch utlopp går att nyttjas i en generell arbetsprocess, men vissa föroreningshalter kan vara missvisande beroende på hur detaljerat sedimentprovtagningen görs. Dagvattenmodellen Stormtac och dess beräkningar kan nyttjas i en generell arbetsprocess eftersom Svenskt Vatten P110 (2016) bekräftar modellens beräkningar. Åtgärdsförslagen testades inte i verkliga fall, men effekten bekräftades i intervjun och litteraturstudien. Ett förslag på generell arbetsprocess kunde sammanställas. Stickprovstagning passar sämre in i en generell arbetsprocess. Begränsningar: Fallstudien har begränsats genom att utreda två metoder, varav den ena är dagvattenmodellen Stormtac och den andra är sedimentprovtagning. Utvalda föroreningar som tungmetaller, olja, kväve och fosfor analyseras. Studien avgränsas från att analysera hur recipienter påverkas av de befintliga dagvattendammar som studerats. / Purpose: At present are new stormwater ponds constructed to store stormwater which overloads stormwater pipe systems while existing stormwater ponds remains without overhaul. Since climate changes contributes to five-year rain in a higher frequency, which increases the flow of stormwater and causing more stormwater ponds to be undersized. In order to preserve social functions, are a general work process investigated of how municipalities can investigate and preserve their existing stormwater ponds. Method: The methods that are used are interviews, case study and literature study. The interviews contribute to solutions and proposals of investigation methods and proposals for action. The case study were performed in three stormwater ponds and examines the investigation methods that can be used. Collecting empirical data in a practical case, should increase the investigation’s credibility. The methods used in the case study are calculations, sediment sampling and document analysis of the basis of existing stormwater. Using literature study are the empirical data of the investigation analyzed with other sources to check the reliability of the empirical data. Findings: Several methods of investigations and action proposals were analyzed. Three investigation methods which fit a general work process were: flow proportional sampling, sediment sampling and stormwater calculations through the stormwater model Stormtac. The proposals for action which suited a general work process were: construction of a trench around the pond to expand the storage area, planting plants that take up nutrients and heavy metals tied up in stormwater, exploit the stormwater ponds shape where the hydraulic efficiency are exploited flat out by placing the inlet and outlet on opposite ends, and building trenches with a gravel embankment with aquatic plants. Implications: Flow proportional sampling were a reliable investigation method according to interview and literature study. Sediment sampling of sediment in bottom of in- and outlet can be used in a general work process, but certain contamination levels can be misleading depending on how detailed sediment samplings are done. Stormwater model Stormtac and its calculations can be used in a general workprocess because publication Svenskt Vatten P110 (2016) are confirming the models calculations. The proposals for action were not tested in real cases, but the effect was confirmed in the interview and literature study. Limitations: The case study was limited by investigating two methods, one of which is stormwater model Stormtac and sediment sampling. Selected contaminants such as heavy metals, oil, nitrogen and phosphorus are analysed. The study is delimitated by analyzing how recipients are affected by the studied existing stormwater ponds.

Title: ”Respect the client and believe what is said” – A study of social worker’s treatment of clients who have been exposed to domestic violence. Authors: Rebecka Broman Pettersson & Emelie Hammarström. The purpose of this study has been to evaluate how social workers, both with and without expertise regarding clients who have been exposed to domestic violence, work in an aspect of client-treatment towards these clients. We have investigated the social workers knowledge about domestic violence and their investigation methods regarding these clients. The study has been implemented through four semi-structured interviews with social workers operating in different municipalities. The collected data has been processed through a hermeneutical approach and analyzed based on empowerment theory and theoretical concepts of violence and encounters. A result show that the client-treatment vary depending on the situation and that there are no clear guidelines or action plans regarding how the social workers should act. Also that the investigation methods very depending on where the social worker work and on the clients situation. The study also highlights the importance of expertise in the work regarding the client group and social workers awareness of violence and exposure to violence. There is a great need for expertise in social work in order to meet and work with clients who are victims of domestic violence. There is a lack of knowledge about this phenomenon that can lead to that the client is not receiving the necessary assistance, because the social worker did not know how to respond to the client.

La criminalité organisée constitue une préoccupation pour les pouvoirs publics français et haïtiens et sa répression pénale se situe au cœur des droits français et haïtien. Pour ce faire, les deux législateurs ont dû adapter leur législation pénale afin de doter l’institution judiciaire de nouveaux instruments répressifs permettant la détection et la répression des infractions de criminalité organisée. Celles-ci sont réprimées via une double approche répressive proactive et réactive. On remarque que le droit pénal de la criminalité organisée tant substantiel que formel opère un glissement du réactif vers le proactif. Il s’agit d’une logique répressive qui privilégie l’efficacité répressive sur le respect des principes fondamentaux. Le droit à un procès équitable s’y trouve alors malmené. Dans les deux droits, les personnes impliquées dans des infractions organisées sont sévèrement sanctionnées et la confiscation des avoirs criminels est utilisée à des fins préventives et répressives. Cette répression se fait dans le cadre d’une coopération policière et judiciaire efficace qui favorise l’émergence de nouveaux instruments de coopération provoquant ainsi la mutualisation et la régionalisation des normes destinées à la répression pénale de la criminalité organisée. Cette étude comparative montre qu’Haïti peut bénéficier de l’expertise judiciaire française fondée sur la spécialisation des acteurs judiciaires qui interviennent dans le procès pénal. / Organized crime is a major concern for the French and Haitian public forces and the related crime repression methods are at the core of the French and Haitian Criminal Law. In that sense, both legislators had to adapt their criminal legislation in order to provide the judicial system with new instruments of crime control to help detect and punish organized crime offenses. The latter are fought down via a double punishment approach that is proactive and reactive. We notice that the criminal law of organized crime, whether substantive or formal, slides from the reactive towards the proactive. It is a repressive logic that favours efficient repressive methods over the respect of fundamental principals. And therefore, the right of a fair trial is ill-used. In both Rights, the people involved in organized offences are severally sanctioned and the criminal assets are forfeited in order to apply preventive and repressive measures. This repression takes place within a cooperative efficient framework between the police and the judicial body and causes the emergence of new instruments of cooperation and the sharing and regionalization of the norms of criminal sanctions against organized crime. This comparative study shows that Haiti can benefit from the French judiciary expertise founded on the specialisation of the judiciary actors who participate in the criminal proceedings.