De nouveaux β-aminoalcools chiraux ont été synthétisés en 3 à 4 étapes avec de bons rendements globaux (19-42%). Ils ont été testés en tant que ligands dans la réaction de réduction de cétones aromatiques par transfert d’hydrogène. Des excès énantiomériques jusqu’à 91% ont été obtenus avec de bonnes conversions jusqu’à 99%. La réduction asymétrique de cétones aromatique par le borane a été également étudiée. Ces β-aminoalcools se sont montrés actifs mais pas très énantiosélectifs. Ces composés ont également été utilisés en tant que ligands dans la réaction d’addition du diéthylzinc sur des aldéhydes aromatique conduisant aux produits désirés avec de bons rendements (jusqu’à 98%) et de bonnes énantiosélectivités (jusqu’à 80%). En revanche, la réaction d’addition d’autres organométalliques (l’organozincique, le silane, l’étain et le nickel) sur aldéhydes montre de faible énantiosélectivité dans la plupart de cas.Dans la dernière partie de ce travail, un des β-aminoalcools synthétisés a été évalué dans la réaction de cyanation catalytique énantiosélective d’aldimines. Malgré des bonnes conversions obtenues, des faible énantiosélectivités ont été observées. / Chiral β-aminoalcohol compounds were prepared in 3 or 4 steps from isosorbide in good overall yields (19-42%). These compounds were used as ligands in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones giving good enantioselectivities (up to 91% ee) and excellent conversions (up to 99%). The asymmetric reduction of aromatic ketones by borane complexes using these aminoalcohols was also evaluated. Good catalytic activity but low enantioselectivity were observed. Asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to aromatic aldehydes using these β-aminoalcohols was also studied leading to desired products in good yields (up to 98%) and good enantioselectivities (up to 80%). However, no asymmetric induction was observed when using other organometallics (organozinc, silane, nickel, tin).The last part of this work consisted in evaluating one of these β-aminoalcohols in the Titanium-catalyzed asymmetric cyanation of aldimines. Despite good conversions, low enantioselectivities were observed.

Récemment, les polymères obtenus à partir de ressources renouvelables ont connus un véritable engouement pour le remplacement de matériaux obtenus à partir de ressources pétrolières. L'objectif de notre étude a été de développer de nouveaux systèmes bio-sourcés réactifs, plus précisément des systèmes époxy, pour des applications dans le domaine des matériaux composites. Le monomère le plus souvent utilisé pour formuler des réseaux époxy est le diglycidyl éther de bisphenol A, DGEBA, obtenu à partir du bisphenol A et de l’épichlorhydrine. L’intérêt pour le remplacement du bisphénol A par un précurseur bio-sourcé est accentué par la toxicité de ce dernier. Dans cette étude, nous avons étudié différents systèmes obtenus à partir de prépolymères époxy bio-sourcés et les avons comparés à un système classique à base de DGEBA en utilisant l'isophorone diamine (IPD) comme agent durcisseur. Parmi les différents prépolymères époxy bio-sourcés étudiés, certains ont été obtenus à partir de dérivés polysaccharides tels que le sorbitol et l'isosorbide. Le sorbitol polyglycidyl éther est disponible commercialement, tandis que le diglycidyl éther d'isosorbide a été synthétisé soit par une voie classique faisant intervenir l’épichlorhydrine soit par l'intermédiaire du diallyle isosorbide. Un autre prépolymère époxy dérivé du cardanol a été étudié et est aussi un produit commercial. Les structures chimiques de ces prépolymères époxy bio-sourcés ont été analysées. Les phénomènes de gélification et de réticulation des systèmes obtenus à partir de ces prépolymères et de l’IPD ont été étudiés. L’influence de la structure du prépolymère bio-sourcé et de l'agent de réticulation (classique ou dérivé de ressources renouvelables) sur les propriétés des réseaux ainsi que l'absorption d'eau par ces réseaux ont également été discutés. / In recent years, bio-based polymers derived from renewable resources have become increasingly important as sustainable and eco-efficient products which can replace the products based on petrochemical-derived stocks. The objective of our work was to develop novel bio-based reactive systems suitable for high performance composite materials especially epoxy systems. The most commonly used starting monomer to formulate epoxy networks is the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, DGEBA, derived from bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin. Bio-based epichlorohydrin is commercially available. So the challenge to obtain a fully bio-based epoxy prepolymer is to replace bisphenol A by a bio-based precursor. Another interest for replacing bisphenol A by a bio-based precursor is that bisphenol A has been known to have estrogenic properties. In this study, we studied different bio-based epoxy systems and compared them to a classical DGEBA based system using, in a first step, isophorone diamine (IPD) as conventional curing agent. Bio-based epoxy prepolymers were derived from natural sugars, sorbitol and isosorbide respectively. Sorbitol polyglycidyl ether is available commercially, while isosorbide diglycidyl ether was synthesized either via conventional epoxidation (i.e. using epichlorohydrin) or via the diallyl isosorbide intermediate. Another bio-based epoxy prepolymer was derived from cardanol and is also a commercial product. Chemical structure of the bio-based epoxy prepolymers were analyzed by different analytical methods, gelation and crosslinking reactions were studied using rheological measurements and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Properties of the cured networks were evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis and thermo gravimetric analysis. Influence of the bio-based epoxy prepolymer structure on the system properties as well as the influence of the crosslinking agent structure (either derived from renewable resources or bio-based ones) was discussed. Water absorption of the bio-based networks was also studied.

Tailored fluoropolymers remain the leading choice for a wide variety of advanced high-performance applications, including electronic/optical and energy conversion, owing to their unique blend of complementary high-performance properties. Amorphous semi-fluorinated polymers exhibit improved solubility and melt processability when compared to traditional perfluoropolymers. A leading class of semi-fluorinated aryl ether polymers includes perfluorocyclobutyl (PFCB), perfluorocycloalkenyl (PFCA), and fluoroarylene vinylene ether (FAVE) polymers. Monomers containing aromatic trifluorovinyl ethers (TFVE) are used to synthesize PFCB polymers via radical-mediated [2+2] cyclodimerization. On the other hand, FAVE and PFCA polymers are polymerized via base-mediated nucleophilic addition/elimination of bisphenols with TFVE monomers and decafluorocyclohexene respectively. The use of different monomer cores (aromatic, aliphatic, contorted, and renewable) should help to develop general structure/property relationships for this versatile and expanding approach to semi-fluorinated aryl ether polymers. The enchainment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) cores with functional fluorocarbon groups (or segments) recently afforded a new class of semi- fluorinated polymers in the continuing quest for novel organic materials for potential applications in optoelectronic, gas-separation, and advanced composites. Chapter 2 details the incorporation of commercially available acenaphthenequinone was achieved to afford PFCB aryl ether polymers with excellent solubility, high thermal stability, and film-forming capability. Chapter 3 represents base-promoted nucleophilic addition/elimination of commercial bisphenols with TFVE-triphenylene monomers affording FAVE aryl ether polymers possessing excellent solution processability, high thermal stability and photostability. In addition, triphenylene-enchained FAVE polymers exhibit extreme thermal-oxidative photostability and emit blue light after heating in air at 250 °C for 24 h. Further, time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) computations were performed to understand electronic polymer structures. In one case, post-polymerization Scholl coupling converted the central triphenylene core to afford a hexabenzocoronene containing semi-fluorinated polymer with new optoelectronic properties. Chapter 4 demonstrates synthesis and characterization of renewable semi-fluorinated polymers obtained using aliphatic diol isosorbide. This renewable diol readily polymerizes with bis-TFVE derivatives of bisphenol A and 6F to provide high molecular weight thermoplastics exhibiting excellent solubility and tough, transparent film-forming capability. Finally, Chapter 5 presents synthesis of TFVE enchained corannulene which gave blue-light emission and outstanding processability. Synthesis and characterization, including the new materials' optical, thermal, and electronic properties, is presented.

In recent years, bio-based polymers derived from renewable resources have become increasingly important as sustainable and eco-efficient products which can replace the products based on petrochemical-derived stocks. The objective of our work was to develop novel bio-based reactive systems suitable for high performance composite materials especially epoxy systems. The most commonly used starting monomer to formulate epoxy networks is the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, DGEBA, derived from bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin. Bio-based epichlorohydrin is commercially available. So the challenge to obtain a fully bio-based epoxy prepolymer is to replace bisphenol A by a bio-based precursor. Another interest for replacing bisphenol A by a bio-based precursor is that bisphenol A has been known to have estrogenic properties. In this study, we studied different bio-based epoxy systems and compared them to a classical DGEBA based system using, in a first step, isophorone diamine (IPD) as conventional curing agent. Bio-based epoxy prepolymers were derived from natural sugars, sorbitol and isosorbide respectively. Sorbitol polyglycidyl ether is available commercially, while isosorbide diglycidyl ether was synthesized either via conventional epoxidation (i.e. using epichlorohydrin) or via the diallyl isosorbide intermediate. Another bio-based epoxy prepolymer was derived from cardanol and is also a commercial product. Chemical structure of the bio-based epoxy prepolymers were analyzed by different analytical methods, gelation and crosslinking reactions were studied using rheological measurements and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Properties of the cured networks were evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis and thermo gravimetric analysis. Influence of the bio-based epoxy prepolymer structure on the system properties as well as the influence of the crosslinking agent structure (either derived from renewable resources or bio-based ones) was discussed. Water absorption of the bio-based networks was also studied.

The utilization of renewable sources as alternatives for petroleum and natural gas products has immense commercial, health and global warming significance. D-Isosorbide (2) is a bifunctional, polar, chiral and rigid molecule, which is produced from renewable sources. Synthesis of new polymers containing 2 is of interest for polymers and in drug delivery. The aim of the present work is to synthesize various polymers (homo- and copolymers) containing 2 via the olefin metathesis routes, ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) and acyclic-diene metathesis polymerization (ADMET). N-Phenyl-7-oxanorbornene-dicarboximide, and norbornene functionalized onto 2 were used as the monomers for ROMP. These monomers were polymerized using Grubbs’ catalysts to generate a series of homo-, co-, block and cross-linked-polymers. These polymers were characterized using GPC, NMR, and IR. In addition, ADMET polymerization of a terminal diolefinunctionalized D-isosorbide (2) was also conducted to produce ADMET polymers.

Visando a obtenção de uma nova classe de copoliésteres biodegradáveis com propriedades aprimoradas resíduos monoméricos de succinato de isosorbídeo (IS) foram incorporados à cadeia molecular de poli(L-lactídeo), PLLA. Quatro copolímeros, três em bloco e um aleatório, de baixas massas molares médias, miscíveis e com maior caráter hidrofóbico e temperatura final de degradação térmica que PLLA, foram obtidos por meio de diferentes enfoques. Estudos adicionais envolvendo a incorporação de resíduos de IS ou LLA à cadeia polimérica de poli(3- hidroxibutirato), PHB, foram realizados. A introdução de resíduos de IS na cadeia principal de PHB proporcionou resultados similares. Partindo-se de um dos enfoques, com condições de síntese melhoradas e utilizando um extensor de cadeia polimérica, copolímeros em bloco miscíveis de altas massas molares médias foram obtidos com diferentes composições dos meros de LLA e IS. Os filmes obtidos a partir do copolímero apresentaram propriedades mecânicas ligeiramente superiores àquelas de PLLA. Os resultados de degradação hidrolítica em meio ácido (pH = 2) e alcalino (pH =12) para os filmes dos copolímeros e PLLA foram comparáveis. Os copolímeros são passíveis de formar fibras por fiação do fundido, necessária para aplicações que visem a obtenção de suturas biodegradáveis e bioabsorvíveis. Malhas de não-tecido, com potencial uso como suportes para crescimento celular e dispositivos para liberação controlada de fármacos, foram obtidas com sucesso por eletrofiação, a partir das soluções desses copolímeros. A introdução de resíduos de succinato de isosorbídeo na cadeia polimérica de PLLA aumentou significativamente a adesão celular das malhas de não-tecido obtidas a partir dos copolímeros. / With the goal of obtaining a new class of biodegradable copolyesters with improved properties isosorbide succinate (IS) moieties were incorporated into the poly(L-lactide), PLLA, backbone. Three miscible block copolymers and one miscible random copolymer with both hydrophobic character and final degradation temperature higher than PLLA and possessing low average molar masses were obtained through different approaches. Additional investigations involving the incorporation of IS or LLA residues into poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), PHB, backbone were performed. The incorporation of IS moieties into PHB main chain imparted similar results. Starting from one of the approaches, with improved synthesis conditions and using a chain extensor, miscible block copolymers with high average molar masses were obtained with different mer compositions of LLA and IS. Films obtained from the copolymer presented mechanical properties slightly greater than those from PLLA. Acid (pH = 2) and alkaline (pH = 12) hydrolytic degradation data for the copolymers and PLLA films were comparable. The copolymers are capable of forming fibers by melt spinning, needed for applications that aim at the production of biodegradable and bioresorbable sutures. Non-woven mashes, with potential use as cell growth scaffold and drug-controlled delivery devices, were successfully obtained from the copolymer solutions by electrospinning. The introduction of isosorbide succinate moieties into PLLA main backbone increased significantly the cell adhesion of the non-woven mashes attained from the copolymers.

A busca por materiais derivados de fontes renováveis e com características como biocompatibilidade e biodegradabilidade tem crescido significativamente nos últimos anos. A utilização de enzimas na polimerização representa um grande passo para a obtenção destes, visto que possibilitam a produção de polímeros evitando a utilização de catalisadores tóxicos e, assim, melhorando sua biocompatibilidade. O presente trabalho descreve a utilização de monômeros funcionais derivados de fontes renováveis na produção de poliésteres hidrolisáveis via catálise enzimática. As sínteses de polímeros produzidos a partir de isosorbídeo e ácidos dicarboxílicos ou derivados - como seus ésteres alquílicos e vinílicos - foram feitas utilizando a lipase de Candida antarctica Fração B como catalisador. As polimerizações foram realizadas por policondensações em massa e em solução, utilizando-se diferentes solventes e diferentes técnicas para remoção de subprodutos de reação. A principal abordagem foi o estudo das diferentes condições reacionais realizadas, variando-se o tempo de reação, tipo do monômero, solvente utilizado (se for o caso) e tipo de técnica para remoção de subprodutos visando o aumento da massa molar dos polímeros. A condição que forneceu os materiais com maiores massas molares foi a policondensação em solução, utilizando a mistura cicloexano:benzeno como solvente. Tendo por objetivo investigar profundamente a condição ótima obtida, e estabelecer padrões de comparação com outros sistemas, foram estudados, nessa condição, parâmetros como tempo de reação, efeito do tamanho da cadeia carbônica do monômero, grupo de saída, solubilidade dos polímeros e diluição do sistema. Os materiais obtidos foram caracterizados por cromatografia por exclusão de tamanho (SEC), termogravimetria (TG), calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC), espectroscopia no infravermelho, difração de raios-X, e Ressonância Magnética Nuclear (RMN) de 1H e 13C. Através deste trabalho foi provado que, embora apresente uma cinética de reação lenta, a polimerização enzimática deste diol secundário estericamente impedido é possível, fornecendo poliésteres com massas molares similares às obtidas via catálise química. Todos os resultados obtidos neste trabalho são inéditos no que diz respeito à polimerização enzimática de dióis secundários impedidos, mais especificamente de isosorbídeo. / The search for materials derived from renewable sources, with characteristics such as biocompatibility and biodegradability has grown significantly in recent years. The use of enzymes in the polymerization is a major step for the attainment of these materials, since it allows the production of polymers while avoiding the use of toxic catalysts and thus improving its biocompatibility. This paper describes the use of functional monomers derived from renewable sources in the production of hydrolysable polyesters by enzyme catalysis The synthesis and characterization of polymers derived from isosorbide and dicarboxilic acids or derivatives - such as alkyl and vinyl esters - were carried out using the lipase from Candida antarctica - Fraction B as catalyst. The polymerizations were accomplished by polycondensations in bulk and in solution, using different solvents and different techniques for removal of reaction byproducts. The main approach was to study the different reaction conditions, by varying the reaction time, monomer type, solvent used (if applicable) and the type of technique for removal of byproducts, aiming at maximizing polymer molar mass. The condition that provided the material with higher molecular weight was the solution step-growth polymerization, using a mixture cyclohexane:benzene as solvents. Aiming to thoroughly investigate the optimum condition obtained, and to establish standards for comparison with other systems, it was studied, in this condition, parameters such as reaction time, effect of monomer carbon chain length , leaving group, polymers solubility of and dilution of the reaction system. The materials were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (SEC), thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Through this work it was proved that, in spite of a slow reaction kinetics, the enzymatic polymerization of this hindered secondary diol is possible, providing polyester with molecular weight similar to those obtained by chemical catalysis. All results obtained in this work are unprecedented with respect to the enzymatic polymerization of hindered secondary diols, more specifically of Isosorbide.

Visando a obtenção de uma nova classe de copoliésteres biodegradáveis com propriedades aprimoradas resíduos monoméricos de succinato de isosorbídeo (IS) foram incorporados à cadeia molecular de poli(L-lactídeo), PLLA. Quatro copolímeros, três em bloco e um aleatório, de baixas massas molares médias, miscíveis e com maior caráter hidrofóbico e temperatura final de degradação térmica que PLLA, foram obtidos por meio de diferentes enfoques. Estudos adicionais envolvendo a incorporação de resíduos de IS ou LLA à cadeia polimérica de poli(3- hidroxibutirato), PHB, foram realizados. A introdução de resíduos de IS na cadeia principal de PHB proporcionou resultados similares. Partindo-se de um dos enfoques, com condições de síntese melhoradas e utilizando um extensor de cadeia polimérica, copolímeros em bloco miscíveis de altas massas molares médias foram obtidos com diferentes composições dos meros de LLA e IS. Os filmes obtidos a partir do copolímero apresentaram propriedades mecânicas ligeiramente superiores àquelas de PLLA. Os resultados de degradação hidrolítica em meio ácido (pH = 2) e alcalino (pH =12) para os filmes dos copolímeros e PLLA foram comparáveis. Os copolímeros são passíveis de formar fibras por fiação do fundido, necessária para aplicações que visem a obtenção de suturas biodegradáveis e bioabsorvíveis. Malhas de não-tecido, com potencial uso como suportes para crescimento celular e dispositivos para liberação controlada de fármacos, foram obtidas com sucesso por eletrofiação, a partir das soluções desses copolímeros. A introdução de resíduos de succinato de isosorbídeo na cadeia polimérica de PLLA aumentou significativamente a adesão celular das malhas de não-tecido obtidas a partir dos copolímeros. / With the goal of obtaining a new class of biodegradable copolyesters with improved properties isosorbide succinate (IS) moieties were incorporated into the poly(L-lactide), PLLA, backbone. Three miscible block copolymers and one miscible random copolymer with both hydrophobic character and final degradation temperature higher than PLLA and possessing low average molar masses were obtained through different approaches. Additional investigations involving the incorporation of IS or LLA residues into poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), PHB, backbone were performed. The incorporation of IS moieties into PHB main chain imparted similar results. Starting from one of the approaches, with improved synthesis conditions and using a chain extensor, miscible block copolymers with high average molar masses were obtained with different mer compositions of LLA and IS. Films obtained from the copolymer presented mechanical properties slightly greater than those from PLLA. Acid (pH = 2) and alkaline (pH = 12) hydrolytic degradation data for the copolymers and PLLA films were comparable. The copolymers are capable of forming fibers by melt spinning, needed for applications that aim at the production of biodegradable and bioresorbable sutures. Non-woven mashes, with potential use as cell growth scaffold and drug-controlled delivery devices, were successfully obtained from the copolymer solutions by electrospinning. The introduction of isosorbide succinate moieties into PLLA main backbone increased significantly the cell adhesion of the non-woven mashes attained from the copolymers.

A busca por materiais derivados de fontes renováveis e com características como biocompatibilidade e biodegradabilidade tem crescido significativamente nos últimos anos. A utilização de enzimas na polimerização representa um grande passo para a obtenção destes, visto que possibilitam a produção de polímeros evitando a utilização de catalisadores tóxicos e, assim, melhorando sua biocompatibilidade. O presente trabalho descreve a utilização de monômeros funcionais derivados de fontes renováveis na produção de poliésteres hidrolisáveis via catálise enzimática. As sínteses de polímeros produzidos a partir de isosorbídeo e ácidos dicarboxílicos ou derivados - como seus ésteres alquílicos e vinílicos - foram feitas utilizando a lipase de Candida antarctica Fração B como catalisador. As polimerizações foram realizadas por policondensações em massa e em solução, utilizando-se diferentes solventes e diferentes técnicas para remoção de subprodutos de reação. A principal abordagem foi o estudo das diferentes condições reacionais realizadas, variando-se o tempo de reação, tipo do monômero, solvente utilizado (se for o caso) e tipo de técnica para remoção de subprodutos visando o aumento da massa molar dos polímeros. A condição que forneceu os materiais com maiores massas molares foi a policondensação em solução, utilizando a mistura cicloexano:benzeno como solvente. Tendo por objetivo investigar profundamente a condição ótima obtida, e estabelecer padrões de comparação com outros sistemas, foram estudados, nessa condição, parâmetros como tempo de reação, efeito do tamanho da cadeia carbônica do monômero, grupo de saída, solubilidade dos polímeros e diluição do sistema. Os materiais obtidos foram caracterizados por cromatografia por exclusão de tamanho (SEC), termogravimetria (TG), calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC), espectroscopia no infravermelho, difração de raios-X, e Ressonância Magnética Nuclear (RMN) de 1H e 13C. Através deste trabalho foi provado que, embora apresente uma cinética de reação lenta, a polimerização enzimática deste diol secundário estericamente impedido é possível, fornecendo poliésteres com massas molares similares às obtidas via catálise química. Todos os resultados obtidos neste trabalho são inéditos no que diz respeito à polimerização enzimática de dióis secundários impedidos, mais especificamente de isosorbídeo. / The search for materials derived from renewable sources, with characteristics such as biocompatibility and biodegradability has grown significantly in recent years. The use of enzymes in the polymerization is a major step for the attainment of these materials, since it allows the production of polymers while avoiding the use of toxic catalysts and thus improving its biocompatibility. This paper describes the use of functional monomers derived from renewable sources in the production of hydrolysable polyesters by enzyme catalysis The synthesis and characterization of polymers derived from isosorbide and dicarboxilic acids or derivatives - such as alkyl and vinyl esters - were carried out using the lipase from Candida antarctica - Fraction B as catalyst. The polymerizations were accomplished by polycondensations in bulk and in solution, using different solvents and different techniques for removal of reaction byproducts. The main approach was to study the different reaction conditions, by varying the reaction time, monomer type, solvent used (if applicable) and the type of technique for removal of byproducts, aiming at maximizing polymer molar mass. The condition that provided the material with higher molecular weight was the solution step-growth polymerization, using a mixture cyclohexane:benzene as solvents. Aiming to thoroughly investigate the optimum condition obtained, and to establish standards for comparison with other systems, it was studied, in this condition, parameters such as reaction time, effect of monomer carbon chain length , leaving group, polymers solubility of and dilution of the reaction system. The materials were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (SEC), thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Through this work it was proved that, in spite of a slow reaction kinetics, the enzymatic polymerization of this hindered secondary diol is possible, providing polyester with molecular weight similar to those obtained by chemical catalysis. All results obtained in this work are unprecedented with respect to the enzymatic polymerization of hindered secondary diols, more specifically of Isosorbide.

Thermoset polymers are widely used polymers in the world, but Increase in global plastic pollution and lack of fossil fuel stimulates intense research towards environmentally sustainable materials. Bio-based unsaturated polyesters (UPs) would be an excellent solution to replace oil-based synthetic polyesters. Most of the unsaturated polyesters have been synthesised by ring opening polymerisation (ROP) of cyclic esters or lactides.  In this study, different resins were developed using different initiators such as isosorbide (IS),1,4 butanediol (BD), and cis-2 butene 1,4 diol (C2BD) with monomers like lactide (L) and alpha angelica lactone (AAL) through the ring opening polymerisation process. The produced resins were further characterised by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR),Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA).  Synthesis of resin with lactone monomer was not successful while with lactide monomer it was successful. IS-based resin showed better thermal properties compared to other obtained resins. Tg value of IS containing resin was 63°C, thermal stability up to 235°C and Storage modulus about 3841 MPa. These values are comparable with other bio-based resins produced using the same monomer.