Zugleich: Diss. Trier, 2005.

The theme of this thesis is to describe the development of the philosophical basis for the emergence of existentialism by Jean-Paul Sartre and subsequently explore this philosophical model. Then the work proceeds to the thought experiment and creates an outline of the teacher's competence, which would include the philosophy of Jean-Paul Sartre. The basic question, which this thesis should answer, is whether it is possible to apply a philosophical approach of existentialism, especially early philosophy of Jean-Paul Sartre, as it was presented in the lecture (called) Existentialism is a Humanism, into the school environment with the aim to improve the possibilities of education and thus uplift the teacher's working outside the official curriculum standard. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Zugl.: Trier, Univ., Diss., 2005

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Filosofia, Programa de Pós-Graduação, 2011. / Submitted by Tania Milca Carvalho Malheiros (tania@bce.unb.br) on 2012-04-12T12:11:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_DéboraAraújoMedeiros.pdf: 877223 bytes, checksum: 371ed693feb23423e463e08c087ccec4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Guimaraes Jacqueline(jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2012-04-12T12:33:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_DéboraAraújoMedeiros.pdf: 877223 bytes, checksum: 371ed693feb23423e463e08c087ccec4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-04-12T12:33:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_DéboraAraújoMedeiros.pdf: 877223 bytes, checksum: 371ed693feb23423e463e08c087ccec4 (MD5) / O período de dominação do Nacional-Socialismo inaugurou um mal sem precedentes na História. As barbaridades cometidas pelo regime, destacadamente contra o povo judeu, provocaram uma ruptura com os todos os padrões morais, pairam no ar questões fundamentais que nos atormentam a todos, velhas e novas gerações: como a nação alemã civilizada fora capaz de deixar-se seduzir por uma crença tão delirante e criminosa como a de Hitler? Como foi possível o Holocausto ser perpetrado em uma sociedade desenvolvida, entre pessoas civilizadas? Com o fim da Segunda Guerra Mundial, em 1945, os alemães, derrotados, eram acusados de terem sido cúmplices dos representantes nazistas, responsáveis pelo extermínio de milhões de seres humanos indefesos. Diante da possibilidade de autoextermínio dos homens aberta pelo ideário nazista, a culpa alemã surge como uma marca aparentemente indelével de toda uma nação. Uma herança passada de geração para geração. Tão importante quanto entender como as pessoas mergulharam nos horrores do nazismo e da guerra é compreender como emergiram, como conseguiram superar o passado e lidar com a própria culpa. Para auxiliar-nos nesta investigação sobre a culpa alemã, convidamos dois grandes pensadores da existência humana do século XX que viveram aqueles tempos sombrios: Karl Jaspers e Norbert Elias. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / The period of domination of the National Socialism introduced an unprecedented evil in History. The atrocities committed by the regime, notably against the Jewish people, caused a rupture with all the current moral standarts; promoted "the collapse of civilization". Even today, core issues that stun us all, old and new generations, still hang in the air: how could the civilized German nation be seduced by a belief as How could the Holocaust be perpetrated in a developed society, among civilized people? By the end of World War II, in 1945, the Germans, defeated, were accused of being accomplices of the Nazi leaders, who were responsible for the extermination of millions of helpless human beings. Faced with lf-extermination introduced by Nazi ideology, German guilt emerges as an apparently indelible mark of an entire nation. A legacy passed down from generation to generation. As important as understanding how people plunged into the horrors of Nazism and the war is understand how they emerged, how they managed to overcome the past and deal with their own guilt. To assist us in our research about German guilt, we invite two great twentieth century thinkers of the human existence who lived through those dark times: Karl Jaspers and Norbert Elias.

Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciado en Filosofía

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This paper aims to analyze the philosophical implications of the atomic bomb in the thinking of three German post-war philosophers: Günther Anders, Hannah Arendt, and Karl Jaspers. Although they differ greatly in interest and philosophical perspective, the atomic bomb can be discerned as a problem of humanity's technological, ethical, and political conditions in the intersection of their authorships. In the examination of their ideas, they are situated within a diachronic tradition of philosophy of technology. Their common entanglement with phenomenological-hermeneutic philosophy is also considered, most notably in the form of the influence of Martin Heidegger. For Anders, the atomic bomb is the defining feature of the ethical and political conditions of post-war humanity, yet humans are unable to grasp its reality. In the thinking of Jaspers, the bomb necessitates a supra-political principle grounded in the faculty of reason. For him, politics in the nuclear age must rest upon the responsibility of the many individuals, in an ethical re-birth of humanity. Arendt primarily understands the bomb as a product of the increasing power of the thoughtless instrumentality of science. The destructive potential of atomic weapons solidifies to her a crisis in the meaning of politics, in which brute force has undermined political power. All three thinkers share the view that the atomic bomb must be understood in conjunction with a certain thought- and meaninglessness in the science and politics of their contemporary. The bomb also signifies to them a technological obscuring of human agency, the implications of which are exacerbated by the fact that it has also immensely improved the ability of one individual to commit heinous acts. In impairing the conditions for ethical action and meaningful politics for lasting peace, the bomb necessitates these very same principles. By threatening to make humanity as mortal as only individuals had been before, the bomb has made radical change in human thinking and activity urgent. However, to what extent sufficient adaptations are probable, or even possible, is a question in which the philosophers discussed in this paper diverge.

Contrairement à plusieurs critiques qui ont reproché à l'interprétation heideggérienne de Nietzsche sa violence et son confinement de la pensée nietzschéenne dans la métaphysique en se basant presque exclusivement sur les cours des années quarante, ce travail veut présenter cette interprétation comme l'exemple d'un dialogue authentique, tendu, mais non-violent et dicté non par la curiosité d'un historien de la philosophie ou d'un érudit, mais par la tâche même de la pensée dans son passage de l'un à l'autre commencement. Dans la deuxième section de ce travail, nous nous sommes attelés à la tâche de montrer que la présence de la pensée nietzschéenne dans l'œuvre de Heidegger ne date pas uniquement de la fin des années trente comme on nous le présente souvent, mais plutôt qu'elle était déjà agissante dans ses projets philosophiques de jeunesse. Dans la troisième section, nous avons voulu montrer que la thèse heideggérienne selon laquelle Nietzsche est la fin de la métaphysique cache plus une proximité entre les deux pensées qu'une distance. Les analyses des concepts de nihilisme, de vérité, de temporalité et de subjectivité à partir de textes tirés des deux premiers cours et des Beitrage zur Philosophie, montrent que la pensée de la fin de la métaphysique appartient à la même constellation d'idées et au même espace que la philosophie du passage. Un examen plus attentif du concept de «fin» montre qu'il est plus une catégorie temporale que temporelle. Il réfère moins à une étape révolue de l'histoire de l'estre qu'a un instant décisif avec lequel l'échafaudage de la métaphysique se met à vaciller ouvrant par son vacillement l'espace abyssal dans lequel se décidera le passage de l'un à l'autre commencement.

The Reconstruction of the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Prague constitutes a fundamental challenge for the Czech capital city of Prague. The existing wastewater treatment plant is obsolete and fails to comply with limits set forth by the Council Directive 91/271/EEC concerning urban waste-water treatment. Thus, it is necessary to build a new waterline and reconstruct the old one. As such a project would be financially demanding, its implementation is dependent upon a subsidy from the EU Operational Programme "Environment". There are also more variants of the reconstruction of the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Prague. In the thesis, the author compares the contemplated options of re-building and reconstruction of the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Prague. He also examines the influence of negotiations with European Commission representatives and of the amount of the subsidy upon the choice of the final option. A hypothesis of the study is that due to the subsidy policy creates pressure on the final form of the reconstruction of the Prague Central Wastewater Treatment Plant, which directly interact its economic efficiency.

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