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The influence of public participation in the development of a construction phase Environmental Management Plan following EIA: a case study of the Gautrain rail linkMofokeng, Nondumiso Nomonde Radebe January 2017 (has links)
Mini-Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree Master of Science (Environmental Sciences) School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Witwatersrand
School: Mining Engineering (Centre For Sustainability In Mining And Industry)
26 January 2017 / The Gautrain Rapid Rail Link project is one of the biggest transport projects undertaken in South Africa. One of the unique features of this project was the manner in which public participation was conducted. There were two stages of public participation, one for the EIA process and the other for the EMP process. The research undertaken sought to study the influence of public participation on the development of mitigation measures in an EMP following EIA. The aim of the research project was to assess how the mitigation of environmental impacts, developed for an EMP during the construction phase, were affected by public participation, using the Gautrain Rail Link as a case study. When the comments were classified according to how they related to the different mitigation management plans it was found that the issues most commented on were those pertaining to public consultation and disclosure, noise vibration, visual/aesthetics, working hours, surface water, traffic as well as construction sites. Approximately 7% of the comments made by IAPs could be linked to specific changes to DFEMPs. Approximately 4% of the changes suggested by IAPs were rejected by Bombela. Prior to changes being made the DFEMP 2 had 238 targets; by the end on DFEMP5 the number of targets was 217 which reflected an 8.8% reduction. Prior to changes being made the DFEMP 2 had 789 method statements; by the end on DFEMP5 the number of method statements was 845 which reflected a 7.1% increase. These changes were mostly due to some of the targets being replaced by a “No complaints from the public” target and then the shifting of the previous targets into method statements. There was a change in the overall approach of mitigation targets to what could be viewed as more ‘people-orientated’ as opposed to mitigation that aimed to prevent adverse impacts to the environment. This was evident in the change of targets focusing on having no complaints from the public as opposed to setting targets that related to standards and specific environmental conditions. It was also found that the public input at the EMP stage could not have altered the mitigation strategy significantly but could have likely assisted in improving and refining the mitigation measures that had been selected. Public preference on the mitigation strategies applied was observed in the research as was the “Not In My Back Yard” phenomenon where the IAPs were more concerned with the impacts that directly affected their everyday lives and not the natural environment as a whole. It was noted that the input from the public resulted in valuable information being added and improved decision-making. It was found that the Independent Auditor’s comments resulted in the most evident changes in the DFEMPs. The public input process was able to highlight the feasibility and practicality of the targets set in the DFEMPs. It also gave IAPs an opportunity to voice their opinion on socioeconomic issues that they would otherwise not have been able to raise. A drawback from the public participation process was that the comments made by the IAPs were often repetitive which led to generic responses being given and also increased the likelihood of both IAP and developer participation fatigue. There was an agreement by all the interview participants for the need to EMP to be developed as continuous documents through the different phases of the project. Overall, the case study could add valuable input to the environmental management body of knowledge in South Africa. / MT2017
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Jarateng: Making social-ends meet by embracing public livingBogatsu, Katlego 09 October 2014 (has links)
The aim of this thesis is to investigate the importance of public space and to explore the concept of public living. The concept behind this thesis exploration is to look at the Soweto yard called a `jarata` and to look at various configurations of a Soweto yard. The reason behind choosing a Soweto yard is to conceptualise a public space which has the essence of the sociality of a Soweto yard. The investigation will begin by exploring the concept of social space and to gain an understanding of what a `social space` is in comparison to a physical place. Over the years people have defined and redefined spaces around them. In shared spaces people have used traditions and cultures to dictate the manner in which they use these spaces and have therefore created unwritten rules in these spaces. As people redefine these spaces from their designed or intended use, they essentially create social spaces. These social spaces are not the physical spaces but they happen in the physical spaces, and are driven by events which are part of people’s social and cultural patterns. So therefore the architecture of a place is defined by the social spaces which are the events, activities and the happenings in the place, which are centred on social patterns.
Place is the visible space, and space is the hidden place. The architectural response is a public space where public living can be embraced more especially for the residents of Soweto and more specifically to the residents of Mofolo Central where my site is based. The space will be an enabling space which should allow the users the freedom to carry out their traditions and social patterns. The space is also an event space which allows for a variety of recreational activities from musical events, celebrations, ceremonies and play. The design of the space also incorporates an existing old cinema and seeks to revive the cinema and develop it as a cinema and theatre. The purpose of reviving the cin- ema is to bring back a cinema-going culture to the area of Mofolo and Soweto at large. The exterior space will be an extension of the cinema and will function as an open-air cinema among other uses mentioned above. In addition there will be office spaces, trade spaces both formal and informal and recreational facilities. The design plays on the social patterns of public life in Soweto.
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Invert city: designing for homeless women in HillbrowCarew, Julia 10 September 2014 (has links)
The city of Johannesburg has battled with the condition of homelessness
for years, identifying a problem even before our emancipation from the
ruthless apartheid construct (Beavon, 2004). Political measures have
subsequently been implemented in order to combat its harsh effects, introducing
various short-term housing policies and theoretical solutions for the
homeless in the city. The temporary housing institution as a body is therefore
representative, for many people, of the first step in the process toward
a legitimate and permanent housing solution. However, the institution as it
exists today, does so in both a social and political vacuum. The great divide
between the temporary solution and the initial rungs of the social housing
ladder give the user little to no option for situational improvement (Olufemi,
1998). These collective spaces for the ostracised community, through their
layered autonomous nature, divorce the user even further from the community
aimed to be reunited with.
The institution as a typology requires investigation, interrogation and reintegration
within existing and enforced political structures. The immediate
accommodation answer needs to be seen both as an independent entity
as well as only part of a greater strategy for a permanent, integrated and
holistic housing solution. The contestation of the institution is not the argument,
but rather a proposal for its deconstruction and ultimate innovative
reconnection through a strategy of layered inversion. If we choose to view
the city and many of its microcosmic constructs through a post-structuralist
or deconstructivist lens, we begin to understand the prevalence of the
disjointed other within the urban whole:
The homeless woman is the city’s marginalised user.
The alleyway; the silent ‘other’ to the prominent street.
The vacant space is the forgotten site.
And if the physicality of structure is the prominent former, the network and
connections existing between built forms must be the secondary within the
realm of architecture.
If we connect the city’s marginalised elements, through the vessel of temporary
accommodation as the initial part of an integrated housing model,
the role of the institution is inverted rather than its function or programme.
Therefore, the ‘exo-stution’ is the folding out and reconnection of the existing
‘in-stitution’ is an answer to the city’s detached collection of limited
- where marginalised user, space and structure collectively connect street,
suburb and city.
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The responsiveness of public transport systems to the development of urban and economic nodes in Johannesburg / The responsiveness of public transport systems to urban development in the West of JohannesburgPrim, Lyle Brice January 2016 (has links)
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Development Planning, 2016 / Over the last decade national, provincial and local governments within South Africa have paid considerable attention to the benefits and need for an effective and reliable public transport system to meet the social challenges facing South African cities. The development of public transport systems is viewed as a tool to alleviate poverty and unemployment, as they provide access to opportunities and services previously out of reach. In Johannesburg the Spatial disparities created during the apartheid era continue to divide the city along the lines of class and race, and serve to marginalise low income groups located on the periphery, far from economic centres. Over the last 10 years urban and economic growth in the west of Johannesburg has occurred at a rapid rate giving rise to numerous informal settlements and government subsidised homes. These developments occurred without the development of public transport systems isolating low income residents. This study seeks to examine the extent to which public transportation systems are responding to the growth of new urban and economic nodes in Johannesburg in a manner that supports the interests and needs of the city’s low income residents.
The study investigates the cases of the Gautrain and Rea Vaya. The study evaluates the systems through an analysis of the state’s public transportation plans and policies and the challenges and successes of each system, taking into account what are the state’s current and future public transport plans and how are they responding to urban and economic growth in the west of Johannesburg.
Through the use of spatial data, the study examines the spatial and economic trends in Johannesburg, the location of the urban poor and the effects of changes in commuter patterns. The study takes into account current and future urban and economic trends and examines the way in which public transport systems can make a positive impact upon the urban poor. This evaluation is done through an analysis of international literature and best practices that can be used in the development of public transport systems that are responsive, effective and reliable. Key respondents were interviewed to examine the impediments facing the development of responsive
public transport systems and how this affects low income commuters in Johannesburg.
Through the use of numerous forms of data including maps, policy documents and key respondent interviews, study reveals that future transport developments see the Gautrain and the Rea Vaya expanding to the west of Johannesburg. These developments will only occur in the late future, leaving low income residents without a formal means of public transport for many years to come. Low income residents within these regions lack the means to access opportunities and services. Research into the phenomenon reveals that in order to address the challenges faced by the urban poor in the west a more dynamic and integrated approach is required in the development of public transport systems in Johannesburg. These findings provide a critical understanding the development of public transport systems and the impediments that restrict the responsiveness of public transportation development in Johannesburg. / MT2017
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The policy and practice of reclaimer integration in the City of JohannesburgSekhwela, Maite Mmakgomo January 2017 (has links)
A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Geography). Johannesburg, 11 June 2017. / Reclaimer integration in South Africa has been identified as a priority, but how to integrate reclaimers remains a challenge. Crucially, there is not yet a coherent approach or a clear understanding of what reclaimer integration means in South Africa, let alone whether this same understanding of integration is shared by the reclaimers who are being integrated. By focusing on the integration initiatives of the Environment and Infrastructure Services Department (EISD) and Pikitup, this thesis conducts a comparative study of two reclaimer integration projects in Johannesburg. It investigates the breakdown and mismatch of understandings between social actors who do not share the same view of integration and implications thereof. In doing so, it contributes to discourse on the transformation of Johannesburg’s waste management system. Social constructivism theory by Berger and Luckmann (1966) provides the theoretical grounding for this dissertation by exploring how different milieus and experiences shape people’s understanding of realities. Findings illustrate that there is no clear conceptualisation of integration that underpins waste management policy. Drawing on social constructivism theory, the paper concludes that integration is a socially constructed and contested concept. Essentially, there are inconsistent understandings of integration among different groups of reclaimers as well as officials. For that reason, integration programmes created a new form of exclusion and imposed negative effects on reclaimers.
KEYWORDS: Integration, Reclaimers, Waste, Policy, Recycling, cooperatives / LG2018
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Unzoo: creating conservational conscience - a progressive development scheme for Johannesburg ZooAllcock, Bronwyn Anne January 2016 (has links)
Thesis (M.Arch. (Professional))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2016. / Humans and animals have a diverse and complex set of relationships but their
inextricable narratives of development leave them interdependent. By understanding
the human fascination with other living beings, in conjunction with our responsibility of
preserving the planet, the importance of human-animal interaction becomes apparent.
Acknowledgment that understanding the role played by animals in society, ancient
and modern, goes far beyond biology, introduces ideas of culture, association and
imagination as key contributing elements to the forging of meaningful relationships
between man and beast. Zoological gardens, as an architectural typology, are a
fundamental platform for human-animal interaction and an important link in the
chain of conservation. Their development over time illustrates a refl ection of human
thought and highlights the typology as a powerful tool in the establishment of an
environmental conscience. A redefi nition of the role of the modern zoo causes us
to critically analyse the experience of animal spectatorship; learning about animals
aids us in learning about ourselves. Understanding the complexities of both people
and animals can expose common ground, through which we can educate ourselves
and improve our abilities to create a better environment for animals, and in so doing
perhaps also for ourselves.
This thesis proposes a redevelopment scheme for a portion of Johannesburg
Zoo; creating a transition from the traditional colonial zoological garden model to
an urban ecological destination, in line with contemporary conservational thought.
Through understanding the historical, topographical and functional layering that
conglomerates the existing Johannesburg Zoo, the design prioritises a sensory
architectural experience: liberating zoo animals from cages and altering the physical
and psychological viewpoint of the spectator. / EM2017
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In preparedness for an integrated infrastructure asset management system for the City of JohannesburgDoyle, James Oliver January 2016 (has links)
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering.
School of Civil & Environmental Engineering
Johannesburg, September 2015 / The research presented in this report set out to determine the extent to which cross-enterprise integration between three Municipal Owned Entities (MOEs) in Johannesburg, i.e. City Power, Johannesburg Water and Johannesburg Roads Agency (JRA), could be beneficial to the Council and users of the Council’s assets.
The research included a comprehensive review of available literature to find the needs of / gaps in infrastructure asset management and examples of cross-enterprise integration. Interviews with MOEs’ personnel were conducted to determine current levels of infrastructure asset management. A library of the costs of potential hazards arising from damages caused by MOEs to other MOEs’ assets during maintenance tasks was compiled.
A simulation exercise was conducted. The exercise involved the development and application of a computer program using Visual Basic for Applications programming tool. The program created a series of job cards for maintenance works by all MOEs using available asset data for a section of the city. Conflict areas were identified where work on one asset might compromise the integrity of other assets. Costs of the damage to the assets in terms of direct costs of repairs and users’ costs, due to lower levels of service, were quantified for each conflict point. The simulation exercise was run over a thirty year period. The average annual costs were costed using cost to benefit analysis. Expenses associated with the creation of new organisational structures and new cross-enterprise software systems were studied using available data in literature. The expenses and savings formed the basis of the cost to benefit analysis.
The study shows that the introduction of a cross-enterprise integrated system can significantly reduce costs to the Council and users. There are several other benefits originating from cross-enterprise integration including more efficient use of skilled personnel, efficiency in issuing of way leaves, and improved integrity of asset data.
The installation of such a system need not only service the three MOEs included in the study. It is possible that all owners of assets on Council property, including external organisations such as Telkom, Neotel, and Dark Fibre Africa, will benefit from cross-enterprise integration.
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Investigating the causes of learner dropout at secondary schools in Johannesburg South, GautengMnguni, Innocent Bongani 11 1900 (has links)
The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of learner dropout in secondary schools around Johannesburg South, Gauteng Province. Twenty-seven participants from three secondary schools in Orange Farm area were purposively sampled for the study. A qualitative design was used. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect data to allow the researcher a platform to ask open-response questions and to explore the participants’ perspectives about the causes of learner dropout. The data was analysed thematically by carefully identifying and describing significant themes that emerged from educators, learners, parents, SGB chairpersons and principal’s responses to interview questions. The study revealed that teenage pregnancy, lack of parental involvement, substance abuse and peer pressure, among others, were the causes of learner dropout. The study recommends that schools put more efforts on abstinence programs, sex education and the use of contraceptives such as condoms, pills and injectables; training of educators on the management of drugs and pregnancy, and resuscitation of extra-mural activities. Recommendations for further research were made. / Inclusive Education / M. Ed. (Inclusive Education)
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Visitor perceptions and awareness of litter at the Johannesburg ZooMalepa, Piet Lesiba 05 1900 (has links)
The aim of the study was to determine how litter affects the image of the environment and the animals at the Johannesburg Zoo, situated in the Northern part of Johannesburg, as perceived by various stakeholders. Furthermore, effectiveness of the educational awareness programmes developed and currently being presented at the Zoo were assessed.
The central themes of the research on the issue of litter in a conservation area included the current status of litter in the Johannesburg Zoo, the perception of stakeholders frequenting or living in the vicinity of the Zoo and the nature and effectiveness of educational programmes presented at the Zoo. The stakeholders included visitors (n=332), employees (n=20) and others who represented the Zoo and people from the neighbouring Forest Town.
It was possible to collect data on the premises while the Zoo was in full operation. The data-collection tools included two questionnaires (for visitors and employees) and interviews (other stakeholders), as well as a reflective recall of eight years of hands-on experiences and observations of a current curator at the Zoo. The latter served as a situation analysis of the Zoo to provide a backdrop for exploring the litter problem and served as background for designing the data-collection tools. The data of the survey conducted with questionnaires was quantitative in nature and was analysed descriptively in form of frequencies and percentages. The qualitative data gathered by means of the interviews were analysed and described against the experiences, beliefs and contact with the Zoo of the specific stakeholder. The educational programmes were described and the content assessed based on the effectiveness regarding litter minimisation information.
The situation analysis revealed some tragic consequences of littering at the Zoo. It became clear that educating the public was a necessity to provide knowledge in such a way that it would inculcate a spirit of caring about and valuing the environment and the animals. All stakeholders identified that the Zoo has a serious litter problem and that the signboards needed more specific litter control messages and should be placed strategically so that they are noticed. Although the number of dustbins were sufficient, their distribution and placement in and around the Zoo were not effective. Educational programmes were considered by all to be the answer to the litter problem if the content could be expanded to include information on the consequences of and the legislation on littering. Recommendations regarding litter management for Johannesburg Zoo and for further investigation were suggested. / Geography / M. Sc. (Geography)
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Grave rites and grave rights: anthropological study of the removal of farm graves in northern peri-urban JohannesburgHill, Cherry Ann 02 1900 (has links)
Text in English / In a diachronic and multi-sited study that extended from 2004 through
2012/2013 I deconstructed the sociocultural dynamics of relocating farm graves
from the farm Zevenfontein in northern peri-urban Johannesburg. The graves at
the focus of the study were some seventy-six graves removed from a northern
portion of the farm in 2004 for a huge development project that commenced
construction in 2010, and other graves removed in the 1980s from portions of
the farm developed for residential estates in the 1990s.
The study explored the people who dwelt on the farm and created the
graveyards, the religious processes entailed in relocating the mortal remains of
ancestors, the mortuary processes of exhuming and reburying ancestors, the
disputations between and negotiating processes of landowners and grave
owners, and the demands and demonstrations by farm workers and dwellers
seeking redress for past human and cultural rights infringements.
Although the topic of farm graves is well-referenced in land claims and sense of
place discourses and is not in itself a new topic, this study provides original and
in-depth information and insight on the broader picture of ancestral graves and
their relocation, including the structuring of a community and its leaders and
followers, it suggests answers to the question as to whether ancestral
graves/graveyards can successfully and functionally be relocated. Not only are
religious aspects examined in the study, but also the sociopolitical and economic
dimensions of relocating graves are fully scrutinised in the context of farm
workers and dwellers’ political awareness of and astuteness to the social and
economic potential of farm graves and their relocation. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Anthropology)
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