[pt] O objetivo desta tese é analisar a perspectiva intelectual de Henry Kissinger sobre as relações internacionais - os fundamentos de sua filosofia da grande estratégia internacional - e a articulação dessa perspectiva com um caso central de sua prática diplomática: a formação do triângulo estratégico entre os EUA, a China e a URSS. / [en] This thesis is an analysis of Henry Kissinger s intellectual outlook on international relations - the roots of his philosophy of international grand strategy - and its connection to a central case in his diplomatic practice: the designing of a strategic triangle between the USA, China, and the USSR.

This thesis focuses on the events surrounding the South Asia Crisis of 1971, beginning in when the Pakistani government launched its military crack-down in East Pakistan in the spring and extending to the conclusion of the Indo-Pak War by the year's end. It examines how President Nixon's administration and the US State Department viewed the events in South Asia, what they saw as being the appropriate response, and the differences in what they thought the US should do in response to what was happening on the other side of the globe. The analysis will reveal that the President and his primary foreign policy advisor, Dr. Kissinger, deliberately misled and misinformed the US State Department and its Ambassadors abroad in Pakistan and India in an effort to keep secret from them and the American public, the President's desire to support Pakistan and to blame India as the source of the conflict. The resulting confusion and misunderstanding by the diplomatic community raised tensions in the region, lengthened the conflict, and weakened America's credibility in the sub-continent. / text

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Henry Kissinger has often been depicted as a disciple of Continental realism, and a rarity among American Cold War diplomats. According to this interpretation, Kissinger did not concern himself with domestic politics, public opinion, and economic issues in his diplomacy toward the Soviet Union, and was focused solely on primary high-policy issues such as ending the Vietnam War. However, his later actions as National Security Advisor and Secretary of State under Presidents Nixon and Ford were decidedly inconsistent with Continental realism. This thesis argues that Kissinger gradually incorporated economic issues as part of his ―diplomatic arsenal,‖ in which the context of East-West trade facilitated a transition away from Continental realism toward a ―naturalized‖ realism inclusive of more traditional American foreign policy elements. These elements include economic issues, domestic politics, and the relationship between the statesman and the American public. / Dr. Werner Lippert Dr. Sharon Franklin-Rahkonen Dr. Steven Schroeder Dr. Thomas Alan Schwartz

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This thesis is essentially about the origin, course, and impact of

Thèses (M.A.)--Université de Sherbrooke (Canada), 2001. / Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 20 juillet 2006). Publié aussi en version papier.

Il y a plusieurs types d’analyses concernant le conflit chypriote. La première est qu’après la crise constitutionnelle de 1963 en Chypre, Washington ne désirait plus soutenir l’indépendance de l’île et avait même préparé un plan d’invasion afin de l’utiliser comme une menace en vu d’obtenir des accords favorables à ces intérêts. La deuxième consiste dans le fait que les Etats-Unis auraient craint l’ingérence de l’URSS en raison de la puissance du parti Communiste chypriote AKEL et de la politique non alignée de Makarios, et avaient donc permis la partition. La troisième suppose que la Turquie se serait entendue avec les américains pour partager l’île. La quatrième serait strictement intercommunautaire avec les revendications de l’Enosis (rattachement de l’île à la Grèce) par les Grecs et le Taksim (partage de l’île entre les deux pays) par les Turcs. En s’appuyant sur ces analyses, j’ai choisi d’inscrire ma thèse dans l’idée que la Turquie fut l’élément important dans cette affaire car selon la politique réaliste de Kissinger et dans ce contexte de guerre froide, la Turquie était militairement indispensable pour les Etats-Unis. Kissinger, chef des opérations secrètes de la CIA et Président du Conseil de la Sécurité nationale suivait les principes de la realpolitik dans les relations internationales. Alors que la puissance et le maintien du statu quo est la caractéristique centrale de l’analyse réaliste, son concurrent principal, le libéralisme se différencie en ce que les acteurs non Etatiques comme les Nations Unies, jouent un rôle important. Les concepts clés du libéralisme sont l’interdépendance et le transnationalisme. Chypre avait aussi une importance stratégique, transformée en base militaire, arbitrant des appareils d’espionnage très sophistiqués. Tout ceci dans le contexte particulier de la Guerre froide où les Etats-Unis et la Grande Bretagne devenaient les gendarmes du monde face à l’armement nucléaire et la menace communiste / There are several sorts of analysis about the Cyprus conflict. One is that after the 1963-constitutional crisis in Cyprus, Washington didn’t wish to support the island’s independence and had even prepared an invasion plan in order to use it as a threat to obtain favorable personal agreements.A second analysis lies in the fact that the USA had feared the URSS’ intervention because of the power of AKEL, the local-Communist party and of Makarios’ none allied politics and had therefore allowed the separation.A third analysis presumes that the Turkish government would have had an arrangement with the Americans about sharing the island. A fourth analysis would be strictly inner to the community with the Enosis’ requests (the reunion of Cyprus to Greece) for the Greeks and Taksim (the share of the island between the two countries) for the Turkish. Taking into consideration these analyses I have chosen to direct my thesis in the perspective that Turkey was the crucial element in that case due to Kissinger’s realistic politics and in the context of the Cold War, Turkey was military indispensible to the Americans. Kissinger, chief of the CIA’s secret operations and President of the National Security Council was following the principals of the realpolitik of the International relations.While power and the preservation of the status-quo was the central characteristic of the realistic analysis; its main rival, liberalism differs in the fact that non state actors like the United Nations played an important part. The key concepts of Liberalism are interdependence and transnationalisme.Cyprus also had a strategic importance. Transformed into a military basis it was controlling very sophisticated spying instruments. All this in the particular context of the Cold War where the USA and Great Britain had turned into the world’s police on the matter of nuclear equipment and the communist threat

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Bowling Green State University, 2008. / Document formatted into pages; contains v, 277 p. Includes bibliographical references.

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