Kommunikativ innovation är ett hett forskningsområde med tanke på web 2.0. Interaktion mellan människor uppstår kontinuerligt i vardagen och det är just i dessa konstellationer som ny kunskap genereras, information delas och erfarenhet bekräftas. Uppsatsen fokuserar på innovativ kommunikation i intranätmiljöer. Syftet är att undersöka resultatet från den årliga enkätundersökningen av verksamhetsportalen på företag X med målet att generera nya perspektiv på portalens potential ur ett kommunikativt perspektiv. Intentionen med uppgiften är att generera ett resultat som är i linje med de förväntningar systemets användare har och företagets strategiska målsättning att vara en kunskapsstark, homogen organisation med starkt intern kultur. Strategin har varit en metodkombination med en primär kvantitativ studie omfattande 378 respondenter i en online enkätundersökning samt en kompletterande kvalitativ intervju. Även det vetenskapliga perspektivet är dualistiskt och innefattar såväl en hermeneutisks som en pragmatisk syn på undersökningen. Metoden har resulterat i ett emiriskt material som analyserats ur ett holistiskt perspektiv med Knowledge Management, kommunikation och organisationskultur som tre primära katalysatorer. Analysen är realiserad i två steg varav det första innehåller en generell tolkning av resultatet medan det andra fokuserar på korstabulering och resultatfördelning med intentionen att finna intresseväckande kombinationer. Målet har varit att svara på följande forskningsfrågor: Vad är den generella uppfattningen om verksamhetsportalen och finns det några utmärkande tendenser i undersökningen? Finns det några markanta skiljaktigheter i undersökningen i förhållande till föregående års undersökning? Hur kan verksamhetsportalen utvecklas ur ett kommunikativt perspektiv? Resultatet påvisar en jämförbart produkt med tidigare års undersökningar och den mest betonade tendensen i undersökningen är intresset för nyhetsflödet. Ur ett kommunikativt perpektiv finns det möjlighet att utveckla verksamhetsportalen med ett koncept inspirerat av web 2.0, där wikis och bloggar skulle kunna utgöra två primära komponenter. Slutsatserna påvisar flera inspirerande produkter av studien med tekniken, den mänskliga faktorn och interaktion som gemensamma nämnare. Avslutningsvis diskuteras även framtida forskningsmöjligheter, aha upplevelser som genererats under studiens framfart och ett kritiskt perspektiv för att bevisa realismen i arbetsprocessen.

Kommunikativ innovation är ett hett forskningsområde med tanke på web 2.0. Interaktion mellan människor uppstår kontinuerligt i vardagen och det är just i dessa konstellationer som ny kunskap genereras, information delas och erfarenhet bekräftas. Uppsatsen fokuserar på innovativ kommunikation i intranätmiljöer. Syftet är att undersöka resultatet från den årliga enkätundersökningen av verksamhetsportalen på företag X med målet att generera nya perspektiv på portalens potential ur ett kommunikativt perspektiv. Intentionen med uppgiften är att generera ett resultat som är i linje med de förväntningar systemets användare har och företagets strategiska målsättning att vara en kunskapsstark, homogen organisation med starkt intern kultur. Strategin har varit en metodkombination med en primär kvantitativ studie omfattande 378 respondenter i en online enkätundersökning samt en kompletterande kvalitativ intervju. Även det vetenskapliga perspektivet är dualistiskt och innefattar såväl en hermeneutisks som en pragmatisk syn på undersökningen. Metoden har resulterat i ett emiriskt material som analyserats ur ett holistiskt perspektiv med Knowledge Management, kommunikation och organisationskultur som tre primära katalysatorer. Analysen är realiserad i två steg varav det första innehåller en generell tolkning av resultatet medan det andra fokuserar på korstabulering och resultatfördelning med intentionen att finna intresseväckande kombinationer. Målet har varit att svara på följande forskningsfrågor: Vad är den generella uppfattningen om verksamhetsportalen och finns det några utmärkande tendenser i undersökningen?Finns det några markanta skiljaktigheter i undersökningen i förhållande till föregående års undersökning? Hur kan verksamhetsportalen utvecklas ur ett kommunikativt perspektiv? Resultatet påvisar en jämförbart produkt med tidigare års undersökningar och den mest betonade tendensen i undersökningen är intresset för nyhetsflödet. Ur ett kommunikativt perpektiv finns det möjlighet att utveckla verksamhetsportalen med ett koncept inspirerat av web 2.0, där wikis och bloggar skulle kunna utgöra två primära komponenter. Slutsatserna påvisar flera inspirerande produkter av studien med tekniken, den mänskliga faktorn och interaktion som gemensamma nämnare. Avslutningsvis diskuteras även framtida forskningsmöjligheter, aha upplevelser som genererats under studiens framfart och ett kritiskt perspektiv för att bevisa realismen i arbetsprocessen.

This paper analyzes the relationship between e-learning and knowledge management. It describes the possibilities of practical applications of this relationship, in context of supporting knowledge management in a company. It analyzes the theoretical background of e-learning and knowledge management. The paper also examines the ways of creation, dissemination and use of knowledge. It looks for common methods, goals and tools used in both e-learning and knowledge management. The concluding chapters describe the usage of particular e-learning applications, present relevant statistical data and the last one provides suggestions for e-learning solutions for different sized companies.

The goal of this paper is to analyze the relationship between e-learning and knowledge management. I would also like to examine the possibility of practical applications of this relationship. To fulfill the objectives, I want to analyze the theoretical background of e-learning and knowledge management and examine the ways of creation, dissemination and use of knowledge. I will then look for common methods, goals and tools used in both e-learning and knowledge management. My contribution lies especially in an unconventional view of the key issues. I am not aware of any document, systematically mapping the relationship between e-learning and management of knowledge and investigating the possibilities of using e-learning as a support to knowledge management. The discoveries presented in this paper can be used to increase the effectiveness of knowledge management, leading to increased overall performance and more innovations in organization. The applicability of the study results is about putting them into practice. Taking the relationship between e-learning and knowledge management into account, may lead to better strategic and investment decisions. The introductory chapters describe today’s e-learning and knowledge management solutions, including the most recent ones coming from the web 2.0 world. Later the relationship between e-learning and knowledge management is discussed, including the possibilities of using e- learning as a support to KM. The concluding chapters describe the usage of particular e- learning applications, present relevant statistical data and the last one provides suggestions for e-learning solutions for different sized companies.

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The advance of information technologies (IT) makes it possible to collect a massive amount of data in business applications and information systems. The increasing data volumes require more effective knowledge discovery techniques to make the best use of the data. This dissertation focuses on knowledge discovery on graph-structured data, i.e., graph-based learning. Graph-structured data refers to data instances with relational information indicating their interactions in this study. Graph-structured data exist in a variety of application areas related to information systems, such as business intelligence, knowledge management, e-commerce, medical informatics, etc. Developing knowledge discovery techniques on graph-structured data is critical to decision making and the reuse of knowledge in business applications.In this dissertation, I propose a graph-based learning framework and identify four major knowledge discovery tasks using graph-structured data: topology description, node classification, link prediction, and community detection. I present a series of studies to illustrate the knowledge discovery tasks and propose solutions for these example applications. As to the topology description task, in Chapter 2 I examine the global characteristics of relations extracted from documents. Such relations are extracted using different information processing techniques and aggregated to different analytical unit levels. As to the node classification task, Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 study the patent classification problem and the gene function prediction problem, respectively. In Chapter 3, I model knowledge diffusion and evolution with patent citation networks for patent classification. In Chapter 4, I extend the context assumption in previous research and model context graphs in gene interaction networks for gene function prediction. As to the link prediction task, Chapter 5 presents an example application in recommendation systems. I frame the recommendation problem as link prediction on user-item interaction graphs, and propose capturing graph-related features to tackle this problem. Chapter 6 examines the community detection task in the context of online interactions. In this study, I propose to take advantage of the sentiments (agreements and disagreements) expressed in users' interactions to improve community detection effectiveness. All these examples show that the graph representation allows the graph structure and node/link information to be more effectively utilized in addressing the four knowledge discovery tasks.In general, the graph-based learning framework contributes to the domain of information systems by categorizing related knowledge discovery tasks, promoting the further use of the graph representation, and suggesting approaches for knowledge discovery on graph-structured data. In practice, the proposed graph-based learning framework can be used to develop a variety of IT artifacts that address critical problems in business applications.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-12-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:54:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 orti_ps_me_bauru.pdf: 811706 bytes, checksum: 3b16ecf79e62cce83f9304c500ee0fce (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Um dos grandes desafios da empresa moderna é manter-se atualizada e pró-ativa no mercado em que atua para poder obter vantagens competitivas e diferenciarem-se no mercado, agregando valor aos seus produtos e serviços. A Gestão do Conhecimento e a Educação Corporativa têm sido grandes recursos nesse sentido, devido ao fato de estimularem e possibilitarem o processo de criação, captação, codificação, armazenamento e distribuição de conhecimento em toda a organização. Apesar da importância dessas atividades encontram-se poucos recursos de métricas para a gestão de desempenho dessas atividades tal como as exigentes em outras áreas como Gestão da Qualidade, Governança Corporativa, Tecnologia da Informação, entre outros. Um dos recursos utilizados pelas empresas na busca pela excelência em gestão, os modelos de maturidade, que constituem na descrição dos níveis de evolução no que se referem a processos, pessoas, tecnologia e a organização como um todo. Devido à importância desses temas para a vida organizacional propôs-se uma ferramenta de diagnóstico de gestão dos estágios de maturidade desses processos tanto internamente, quanto comparado às melhores práticas do mercado em seus vários processos de trabalho, podendo assim, planejar suas ações, implantar melhorias, inovar e, com isso, obter uma gestão consistente e crescimento consciente e focado nos objetivos planejados. Esta pesquisa pretende, portanto, fazer um estudo de caso exploratório sobre a viabilidade e efetividade de uma ferramenta de diagnóstico de modelos de maturidade em educação corporativa - uma das áreas ainda pouco parametrizadas dentro das organizações - para que haja uma melhor avaliação, compreensão e desenvolvimento dessas atividades, tal como as demais áreas que já possuem modelos de maturidade melhor estruturados e de forma prática e detalhada / One of the main challenges of modern business is to keep updated and pro-active in the market in which operates in order to gain competitive advantage and differentiate themselves in the market, adding value to their products and services. In this paper we discuss the importance of Knowledge Management and Organization Learning as resources in assisting the search for competitive advantage, because they allow the process of creating, capturing, encoding, storage and distribution of knowledge across the organization. Despite the importance of knowledge Management and Organization Learning, there are few resources of performance metrics for such activities, as those in other areas such as Quality Management, Corporate Governance, Information technology, among others. Organization Learning is one of the resources used by companies in pursuit of excellence in management and it is used to disseminate knowledge in the organization and ofter its employees opportunities for learning that enables a better understanding of the realities and challenges of organization, by creating appropriate responses to the strategic challenges presented. Maturity models have been used in various fiels of knowledge to ofter a description of levels of development as they relate to processes, people and organization as one. They constitute a benchmark for organization as one. They constitute a benchmark for organization to evaluate their progress on certain issues, projects and processes, as well to comparate themselves to the best practices in the market field in question. Because of the importance of these issues to organizational life, this work presents a bibliographic study on the topic of maturity models and their applicability in the area of Organization Learning, proposing a diagnostic tool of maturity to maturity levels for monitoring of internal practices and comparison to best market practices in ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: João Pedro Albino / Banca: Davi Noboru Nakano / Banca: Manoel Henrique Salgado / Resumo: Um dos grandes desafios da empresa moderna é manter-se atualizada e pró-ativa no mercado em que atua para poder obter vantagens competitivas e diferenciarem-se no mercado, agregando valor aos seus produtos e serviços. A Gestão do Conhecimento e a Educação Corporativa têm sido grandes recursos nesse sentido, devido ao fato de estimularem e possibilitarem o processo de criação, captação, codificação, armazenamento e distribuição de conhecimento em toda a organização. Apesar da importância dessas atividades encontram-se poucos recursos de métricas para a gestão de desempenho dessas atividades tal como as exigentes em outras áreas como Gestão da Qualidade, Governança Corporativa, Tecnologia da Informação, entre outros. Um dos recursos utilizados pelas empresas na busca pela excelência em gestão, os modelos de maturidade, que constituem na descrição dos níveis de evolução no que se referem a processos, pessoas, tecnologia e a organização como um todo. Devido à importância desses temas para a vida organizacional propôs-se uma ferramenta de diagnóstico de gestão dos estágios de maturidade desses processos tanto internamente, quanto comparado às melhores práticas do mercado em seus vários processos de trabalho, podendo assim, planejar suas ações, implantar melhorias, inovar e, com isso, obter uma gestão consistente e crescimento consciente e focado nos objetivos planejados. Esta pesquisa pretende, portanto, fazer um estudo de caso exploratório sobre a viabilidade e efetividade de uma ferramenta de diagnóstico de modelos de maturidade em educação corporativa - uma das áreas ainda pouco parametrizadas dentro das organizações - para que haja uma melhor avaliação, compreensão e desenvolvimento dessas atividades, tal como as demais áreas que já possuem modelos de maturidade melhor estruturados e de forma prática e detalhada / Abstract: One of the main challenges of modern business is to keep updated and pro-active in the market in which operates in order to gain competitive advantage and differentiate themselves in the market, adding value to their products and services. In this paper we discuss the importance of Knowledge Management and Organization Learning as resources in assisting the search for competitive advantage, because they allow the process of creating, capturing, encoding, storage and distribution of knowledge across the organization. Despite the importance of knowledge Management and Organization Learning, there are few resources of performance metrics for such activities, as those in other areas such as Quality Management, Corporate Governance, Information technology, among others. Organization Learning is one of the resources used by companies in pursuit of excellence in management and it is used to disseminate knowledge in the organization and ofter its employees opportunities for learning that enables a better understanding of the realities and challenges of organization, by creating appropriate responses to the strategic challenges presented. Maturity models have been used in various fiels of knowledge to ofter a description of levels of development as they relate to processes, people and organization as one. They constitute a benchmark for organization as one. They constitute a benchmark for organization to evaluate their progress on certain issues, projects and processes, as well to comparate themselves to the best practices in the market field in question. Because of the importance of these issues to organizational life, this work presents a bibliographic study on the topic of maturity models and their applicability in the area of Organization Learning, proposing a diagnostic tool of maturity to maturity levels for monitoring of internal practices and comparison to best market practices in ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Dans la plupart des activités quotidiennes, l’Homme a tendance à utiliser des connaissances imparfaites. L’imperfection se rapporte à trois volets : l’imprécision, l’incertitude et l’incomplétude. Nous thèse concerne les connaissances imprécises. En particulier, nous nous intéressons au traitement qualitatif de l’information imprécise dans les systèmes à base de connaissances. Diverses approches ont été proposées pour traiter les connaissances imprécises, en particulier, la logique floue et la logique multivalente. Les théories des ensembles flous et des multi-ensembles sont un moyen très approprié pour la représentation et la modélisation de l’imprécision.Notre travail s’inscrit dans le contexte de la logique multivalente. Celle-ci permet de représenter symboliquement des connaissances imprécises en utilisant des expressions adverbiales ordonnées du langage naturel. L’utilisation de ces degrés symboliques est plus compréhensible par les experts. Ce type de représentation de données est indépendant du type de leurs domaines de discours. Ainsi, la manipulation des connaissances abstraites ou faisant référence à des échelles numériques se fait de la même manière.Dans la littérature, le traitement de l’information imprécise repose sur une hypothèse implicite de la répartition uniforme des degrés de vérité sur une échelle de 0 à 1. Néanmoins, dans certains cas, un sous-domaine de cette échelle peut être plus informatif et peut inclure plus de termes. Dans ce cas, l’information est définie par des termes déséquilibrés, c’est-à-dire qui ne sont pas uniformément répartis et/ou symétriques par rapport à un terme milieu. Par exemple, pour l’évaluation des apprenants, il est possible de considérer un seul terme négatif F correspondant à l’échec. Quant à la réussite, elle est décrite par plusieurs valeurs de mention, i.e. D, C, B et A. Ainsi, si le terme D est le seuil de la réussite, il est considéré comme le terme milieu avec un seul terme à sa gauche et trois à sa droite. Il s’agit alors d’un ensemble non uniforme.Dans ce travail, nous nous concentrons sur l'extension de la logique multivalente au cas des ensembles non uniformes. En s'appuyant sur notre étude de l'art, nous proposons de nouvelles approches pour représenter et traiter ces ensembles de termes. Tout d'abord, nous introduisons des algorithmes qui permettent de représenter des termes non uniformes à l'aide de termes uniformes et inversement. Ensuite, nous décrivons une méthode pour utiliser des modificateurs linguistiques initialement définis pour les termes uniformes avec des ensembles de termes non uniformes. Par la suite, nous présentons une approche de raisonnement basée sur le modèle du Modus Ponens Généralisé à l'aide des Modificateurs Symboliques Généralisés. Les modèles proposés sont mis en œuvre dans un nouveau système de décision fondé sur des règles pour la reconnaissance de l'odeur de camphre. Nous développons également un outil pour le diagnostic de l'autisme infantile. Les degrés de sévérité de l'atteinte par ce trouble autistique sont représentés par l'échelle d'évaluation de l'autisme infantile (CARS). Il s'agit d'une échelle non uniforme. / In most daily activities, humans use imprecise information derived from appreciation instead of exact measurements to make decisions. Various approaches were proposed to deal with imperfect knowledge, in particular, fuzzy logic and multi-valued logic. In this work, we treat the particular case of imprecise knowledge.Taking into account imprecise knowledge by computer systems is based on their representation by means of linguistic variables. Their values form a set of words expressing the different nuances of the treated information. For example, to judge the beauty of the Mona Lisa or the smell of a flower, it is not possible to give an exact value but an appreciation is given by a term like "beautiful" or "floral".In the literature, dealing with imprecise information relies on an implicit assumption: the distribution of terms is uniform on a scale ranging from 0 to 1. Nevertheless, in some cases, a sub-domain of this scale may be more informative and may include more terms. In this case, knowledge are represented by means of an unbalanced terms set, that is, not uniformly nor symmetrically distributed.We have noticed, in the literature, that in the context of fuzzy logic many researchers have dealt with these term sets. However, it is not the case for multi-valued logic. Thereby, in our work, we aim to establish a methodology to represent and manage this kind of data in the context of multi-valued logic. Two aspects are treated. The first one concerns the representation of terms within an unbalanced multi-set. The second deals with the treatment of such kind of imprecise knowledge, i.e. with symbolic modifiers and in reasoning process.In this work, we focus on unbalanced sets in the context of multi-valued logic. Basing on our study of art, we propose new approaches to represent and treat such term sets. First of all, we introduce algorithms that allow representing unbalanced terms within uniform ones and the inverse way. Then, we describe a method to use linguistic modifiers within unbalanced multi-sets. Afterward, we present a reasoning approach based on the Generalized Modus Ponens model using Generalized Symbolic Modifiers. The proposed models are implemented in a novel rule-based decision system for the camphor odor recognition within unbalanced multi-set. We also develop a tool for child autism diagnosis by means of unbalanced severity degrees of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS).