"Every day people experience hassles and joys at work. Consequently, research on emotion in organizational settings has tended to focus on these "as they occur" and "as they are managed". However, not only do people experience emotional events at work they may also talk about these events to their colleagues or intimates. And this verbal sharing of emotion may occur as well in everyday work life as it does in turbulent times or after extraordinary events… Thus begins the journey my dissertation. On the following pages I will introduce the reader to the theory of the Social Sharing of Emotion - i.e. the experiencing of an emotional event, the mental rumination upon it and, finally, telling others about it - with a view to knowledge sharing, narratives and social networks at work. In five articles the role of social sharing of emotion in humor at the workplace, collective memory, strategic change, decision making and change management will be untangled. " / Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Handelshögsk., 2003

Blogging is a recent phenomenon with research currently focusing on how it facilitates both personal and organisational knowledge exchange (Aimeur, Brassard & Paquet 2005; Hsu & Lin 2008). Social capital is shown to be a crucial factor facilitating knowledge transfer (Nahapiet and Ghoshal 1998). Blogging is a new social communication technology enabling individuals to collaborate and share knowledge. This research investigates how three dimensions of social capital affect individual knowledge sharing in weblog communities. In particular, it explores how individuals exploit weblogs as a tool for conversational knowledge management in educational institutions. Following Wasko & Faraj's (2005) study, the conceptual model is developed by setting eight independent variables from social capital dimensions and a dependent variable is set from individual behaviour in online knowledge sharing. Eight hypotheses are developed to test the relationship between these variables. A quantitative approach was applied for data collection and analysis. For data collection, an online survey was published in several Australian university weblog communities. An additional paper-based survey was distributed to the respondents in order to gain adequate sample size. For data analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was applied to eliminate measurement items that shared a significant residual value with other measurement items. Further, the models obtained from confirmatory factor analysis were used to test the hypotheses by multiple regression analysis. Results from multiple regression analysis on online knowledge sharing suggest that trust, personal reputation and enjoy helping are positively associated with individual online knowledge sharing. The stepwise estimation procedure was further adapted in the regression model. The results show that four independent variables became significant to the study. These four significant variables were individual expertise, trust, personal reputation and enjoy helping. Lastly, several limitations in this study such as the sample of university online setting and respondents' activities on weblogs are discussed. These limitations lead to the direction of future research provided in conclusion of this study.

Connecting Human Resource Management (HRM) and knowledge transfer through motivation is a new research area. Out of the few existing studies there is a predominance of quantitative studies, which are showing inconclusive results. As a response, this study uses a qualitative micro perspective to investigate how HRM practises influence intrinsic- and extrinsic motivation to share knowledge. It is important to divide motivation into intrinsic and extrinsic, as it impacts knowledge sharing differently. Former studies have identified a need to study the whole HRM system, therefore, to capture differences in motivation among employees exposed to the same system, this thesis takes on a single case study approach. Qualitative interviews were held with employees at an MNC that relies on knowledge intensive activities. The findings showed that employees were motivated intrinsically through career development and extrinsically by the performance management system. The supportive climate showed to influence motivation to share knowledge, both directly and indirectly. Job design was shown to work well in combination with other practises. Finally, a key finding was the importance of having an aligned HRM system.

Submitted by Timbo Noeme (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2016-08-08T18:43:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunaSantos.pdf: 1745061 bytes, checksum: b0768d59f3d825b89e4d93698d3463fb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-08T18:43:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunaSantos.pdf: 1745061 bytes, checksum: b0768d59f3d825b89e4d93698d3463fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-19 / The research aimed to analyze the main reasons why state-owned enterprises (SOEs) from São Paulo-Brazil use coaching and mentoring as a knowledge sharing practice.The 2009 decree No. 53963,sanctioned by the Governor of São Paulo established the Knowledge and Innovation Management Policy for SOEs. Kuniyoshi and Santos (2007) conducted a research, in which identifies practices and knowledge management initiatives adopted by some companies, among them, coaching and mentoring. The pratical process requires not only financial investment but time and adequate people, thus instigates research actions in the organizational context of the SOEs. This study seeks to contribute to the development of studies in the public area. The method used in this qualitative study is exploratory type. The object of this research were the São Paulo SOEs, that currently add up to 21. We conducted a case study with interview and document analysis in two of these SOEs, Sabesp, company sanitation sector water and sewage, aimed to analyze the coaching practice and the Institute for Technological Research (IPT), national reference metrology, aimed to analyze the practice of mentoring. Since there are no exclusive practices to Knowledge Management, and the success of a practice is related to the context in which it operates. In the case of Sabesp, the coaching practice is used as one of the activities within both programs, aimed at developing human capital as a competitive force. IPT aimed at the implementation of mentoring program, specifically the sharing tacit knowledge. It has been discovered that coaching and mentoring practices are used as a way of making a company unique before others, even SOEs with no focus on competitiveness, but they use knowledge strategically to improve the quality of service to society. / A pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar as principais razões pelas quais as empresas públicas paulistas utilizam coaching e mentoring como práticas de compartilhamento de conhecimento. No ano de 2009, foi instituído pelo governador do Estado de São Paulo, o decreto nº 53.963 que instituiu a Política de Gestão do Conhecimento e Inovação para as empresas públicas. Kuniyoshi e Santos (2007) realizaram uma pesquisa, na qual identificaram práticas e iniciativas de gestão do conhecimento adotadas por algumas empresas, dentre elas, coaching e mentoring. As práticas são processos que necessitam de investimento não somente financeiro, mas de tempo e pessoas adequadas, por serem processos mais complexos, instigam a investigação de ações no contexto organizacional de empresas públicas. Este estudo busca contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estudos na área pública. O método utilizado neste estudo de abordagem qualitativa é do tipo exploratória. O objeto desta pesquisa foram as empresas públicas paulistas, que, atualmente, somam 21. Foi realizado estudo de caso, com entrevista e análise documental em duas destas empresas, A Sabesp, empresa do segmento de saneamento de água e esgoto, teve como objetivo analisar a prática de coaching e, o Instituto de Pesquisa Tecnológicas (IPT), referência nacional em metrologia, teve como objetivo analisar a prática de mentoring. Uma vez que não existem práticas exclusivas à Gestão do Conhecimento, e o sucesso de uma prática está relacionado ao contexto na qual está inserida. No caso da Sabesp, a prática de coaching é utilizada como uma das atividades dentro de dois programas, visando desenvolver o capital humano como força competitiva. O IPT teve como objetivo da aplicação do programa de mentoring, especificamente, o compartilhar conhecimento tácito. Foi constatado que as práticas de coaching e mentoring podem ser utilizadas como recurso capaz de tornar a empresa singular perante as demais, mesmo empresas públicas não tendo foco em competitividade, mas utilizam o conhecimento de forma estratégica para melhorar a qualidade de atendimento à sociedade.

Submitted by Thassia da Silva (tdasilva22@gmail.com) on 2018-01-18T18:07:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Thassia da Silva--Key Success Factor Ranking for Intrafirm Knowledge Sharing A Delphi Method Approach in the Oil and Gas Industry.pdf: 2005716 bytes, checksum: 3357ec23f1c093750910850a6e7e9434 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2018-03-02T19:31:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Thassia da Silva--Key Success Factor Ranking for Intrafirm Knowledge Sharing A Delphi Method Approach in the Oil and Gas Industry.pdf: 2005716 bytes, checksum: 3357ec23f1c093750910850a6e7e9434 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-12T18:57:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thassia da Silva--Key Success Factor Ranking for Intrafirm Knowledge Sharing A Delphi Method Approach in the Oil and Gas Industry.pdf: 2005716 bytes, checksum: 3357ec23f1c093750910850a6e7e9434 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-18 / Knowledge and its propagation are unquestionably at the center of most, if not all, discussions on innovation, performance, as well as other elements related to firm success. Although the literature has proposed several key success factors for knowledge sharing, it has yet to explore how these factors rank in terms of importance from a firm nationality perspective. Through a Delphi Method approach, upstream professionals from four major multinational Oil & Gas firms (Brazilian, North American, Norwegian and French), with at least seven years of experience, ranked specific literature-based proposed factors for successful intrafirm knowledge sharing. There was a total of three rounds, where the first round had 41 participants, and the remaining two rounds (second and third) had 39 participants. On average, open door policy was the most relevant factors that lead to knowledge sharing among the four firms. In terms of the least relevant ones, acknowledgement and status were seen, on average, as factors less likely to lead to intrafirm knowledge sharing.

With the advent of knowledge-intensive economies, plus the ever-accelerating development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), organisational knowledge has become the key driver of an organisation's value and ultimately, an important source of an organisation's sustainable competitive edge. Thus, numerous organisations have started to invest heavily in establishing knowledge management systems (KMSs). Subsequently, they wish to access knowledge from individuals in order to enhance their acquisition of knowledge and ultimately transform this into organisational knowledge. Even though existing research studies have evidenced extensively the intrinsic and extrinsic motivators of individuals' knowledge-sharing behaviour in organisations from diverse perspectives (e.g. organisational behaviour, sociology and psychology), individuals still seem inclined to hoard their knowledge, rather than share it with others in organisations. To this end, this research aims to investigate and identify essential elements related to individuals' knowledge-sharing behaviour within the complex context of the virtual organisation of Taiwanese Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs), comprising the whole system of Taiwanese Farmers' Associations, by integrating multilevel perspectives of individuals in organisations (the micro-level), workplace networks in organisations (the meso-level) and organisational culture (the macro-level).

Knowledge is now considered the most important organizational resource, surpassing other resources like land and capital. It has, therefore, been acknowledged that knowledge can play an important role in ensuring an organization’s competitive edge. The purpose of this study was to investigate if knowledge sharing is being used to improve service delivery at the National University of Lesotho’s Thomas Mofolo Library. The researcher held the view that Librarians at Thomas Mofolo Library have different sets of skills which, if combined, could improve service delivery. By not sharing and retaining this existing wealth of knowledge, the researcher claimed that when librarians retire or resign from work, they will certainly take with them the knowledge they possess and the result of this knowledge loss is that the Library may be plagued by an inability to learn from the past experiences, which leads to reinvented wheels, unlearned lessons and the pattern of repeated mistakes. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed in the case study design in order to allow for multiple methods of data collection. Data were collected by means of questionnaires and interviews. Questionnaires were administered to all librarians who were available at the time and purposive sampling was used to determine interview participants. Out of the 25 questionnaires administered, 15 were returned, providing a response rate of 60%. The data collected by means of questionnaires was processed using Microsoft Access and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software (Version 17). The results of analysis were exported into Microsoft Excel for visual presentation and reporting of the results. The data from the interview sessions was analyzed manually by content analysis, using the notes that were taken by the researcher from the respondents during the interview sessions. The findings pointed to the fact that knowledge sharing does occur at TML, although mostly in an informal manner. This was largely due to a number of impediments such as lack of trust and the absence of motivations and rewards. The study concluded by recommending a number of initiatives that could be implemented in order to retain knowledge within the Library. The recommendations included developing a knowledge management strategy and formalizing knowledge sharing by formulating the desired policies. / Information Science / M.A. (Information Science)

Submitted by Morgana Silva (morgana_linhares@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-02T16:57:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3280983 bytes, checksum: f92e1c6df6e4d2b135d9bdd19d8a7443 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-02T16:57:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3280983 bytes, checksum: f92e1c6df6e4d2b135d9bdd19d8a7443 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-30 / The sharing of information and knowledge in university libraries can be understood as a practice which can mobilize information and knowledge in order to generate new ones and organizational learning, necessary for the development of librarians activities. Thus, the objective is to analyze the share held among librarians of the “Sistema Integrado de Bibliotecas da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (SIB/UEPB)”. As theoretical review, it is divided into two parts: an overview, converging on the area of information management and knowledge about sharing in the organizational environment with its practices, tools, influences and barriers, and; a view, focused on libraries and university librarians and their tools and sharing practices. From a methodological point of view, it is characterized, on the objectives, such as exploratory and descriptive, and the nature of the data, as quantitative qualitative. As a technique for data collection adopted the methodological triangulation, comprising: online survey, online focus groups and interviews with staff. The technique for analysis and interpretation of data was content analysis. By analyzing and interpreting the data, it was found that the share is held at the SIB / UEPB mainly informal practices, using e-mail, phone, social networking and conversations with colleagues. Librarians considered the environmental SIB / UEPB, most of the time, favorable to exchange information and knowledge. The barriers were related to geographical distance and lack of incentives. On the other hand, coordination and librarians possessed good will and interest in participating in activities that involve sharing. It is proposed an action plan for the systematic sharing among librarians of the SIB / UEPB, starting with the establishment of a responsible team and directing for the use of practices and systematic and formalized way tools. / O compartilhamento da informação e do conhecimento nas bibliotecas universitárias pode ser compreendido como uma prática capaz de mobilizar a informação e o conhecimento, com vista à geração de outros novos e da aprendizagem organizacional, necessários ao desenvolvimento das atividades bibliotecárias. Desta forma, objetiva-se analisar o compartilhamento realizado entre os bibliotecários do Sistema Integrado de Bibliotecas da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (SIB/UEPB). Como revisão teórica, divide-se em duas partes: uma visão geral, convergindo para área da gestão da informação e do conhecimento, sobre o compartilhamento no ambiente organizacional, com suas práticas, ferramentas, influências e barreiras, e; uma visão focada nas bibliotecas e nos bibliotecários universitários e suas ferramentas e práticas de compartilhamento. Do ponto de vista metodológico, caracteriza-se, quanto aos objetivos, como exploratória e descritiva, e quanto à natureza dos dados, como quantiqualitativa. Como técnica para coleta de dados adotou-se a triangulação metodológica composta por: questionário online, grupo focal online e entrevista com pauta. A técnica para análise e interpretação dos dados foi a análise de conteúdo temática. Ao analisar e interpretar os dados constatou-se que o compartilhamento é realizado no SIB/UEPB principalmente por práticas informais, utilizando e-mail, telefone, redes sociais e conversas com colegas. Os bibliotecários consideraram o ambiente do SIB/UEPB, na maioria das vezes, favorável às trocas de informação e conhecimento. As barreiras encontradas foram relacionadas à distância geográfica e falta de incentivos. Por outro lado, a coordenação e os bibliotecários, possuíam boa vontade e interesse em participar de atividades que envolvem o compartilhamento. Propõem-se um plano de ações para o compartilhamento sistemático entre os bibliotecários do SIB/UEPB, iniciando com a constituição de uma equipe responsável e direcionando para a utilização de práticas e ferramentas de maneira sistematizada e formalizada.

Submitted by FABIANA DA SILVA FRANÇA (fabiana21franca@gmail.com) on 2017-12-07T12:21:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ArquivoTotal.pdf: 2207635 bytes, checksum: 866c67cae38f232c134e9d55b5dde979 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-07T12:21:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArquivoTotal.pdf: 2207635 bytes, checksum: 866c67cae38f232c134e9d55b5dde979 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The sharing of information and knowledge is known as a human behavior, which is made possible by means of the dialogue among the individuals, in their environments of coexistence. Within organizations, this practice allows the synergy of information and the creation of new knowledge, resulting in innovation and improvements for the development of organizational processes. In this scenario, the information and communication technologies are considered as virtual environments that can subsidize the sharing among the individuals and result in new possibilities of coexistence in the organizations. Considering that this practice involves a set of intervening aspects - facilitators or inhibitors -, especially when mediated in virtual environments, it is analyzed the information and knowledge sharing in the virtual community of SIGAA, among the agents of the Federal University of Paraíba. Methodologically, the research is configured as a case study of the descriptive type, whose corpus is constituted by the virtual community environment and the people management agents. For data collection, it is used the form instruments, field diary, and questionnaire. For the analysis of the data, it is made an interpretation of the results from the quantitative and qualitative methods, through the techniques of content analysis and discourse analysis of the collective subject. And about the results concerning the resources available for the sharing in the virtual community, it is inferred that, although this environment has computational applications designed to subsidize the information and knowledge sharing, it must be available other types of resources that can help the practice of this behavior only at the tacit level, in order to promote the socialization of the individuals' experiences. With regard to the use of these resources for the sharing, it is observed that there was no continuity with the passage of time, resulting in a decrease in the frequency of users' participation. It is also noted that knowledge sharing practices did not present a high percentage in relation to the total of identified records, revealing that there is a preference for shares that involve the flows of formal informational (information). It is concluded that the intervening aspects of sharing among agents in this virtual environment, while involving facilitators, such as motivation to share and satisfaction of the individuals regarding the use of this mechanism, also present some inhibitors that need to be overcome, among them, the relationship among the agents, the culture and structure of the organization, and the understanding of these collaborators regarding the use of available resources. As recommendations, it is suggested initiatives that can involve, in an integrated way, the culture and structure of the organization, the agents and the resources of the virtual community. / O compartilhamento de informações e conhecimentos é compreendido como um comportamento humano, que se viabiliza por meio do diálogo entre os sujeitos, em seus ambientes de convivência. No âmbito das organizações, essa prática permite a sinergia das informações e a criação de novos conhecimentos, resultando em inovação e melhorias para o desenvolvimento dos processos organizacionais. Nesse cenário, as tecnologias de informação e comunicação são consideradas como ambientes virtuais que podem subsidiar o compartilhamento entre os sujeitos e resultar em novas possibilidades de convivência nas organizações. Por considerar que essa prática envolve um conjunto de aspectos intervenientes - facilitadores ou inibidores -, sobretudo quando mediada em ambientes virtuais, analisa-se o compartilhamento de informações e conhecimentos na comunidade virtual do SIGAA, entre os agentes de pessoas da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa configura-se como um estudo de caso do tipo descritivo, cujo corpus é constituído pelo ambiente da comunidade virtual e pelos agentes de gestão de pessoas. Para a coleta de dados, utiliza-se dos instrumentos formulário, diário de campo e questionário. Para a análise dos dados, realiza-se a interpretação dos resultados a partir dos métodos quantitativo e qualitativo, por meio das técnicas de análise de conteúdo e análise do discurso do sujeito coletivo. Quanto aos resultados acerca dos recursos disponíveis para o compartilhamento na comunidade virtual, infere-se que, apesar de esse ambiente dispor de aplicações computacionais projetadas para subsidiar o compartilhamento de informações e conhecimentos, é necessário que sejam disponibilizados outros tipos de recursos que possam auxiliar a prática desse comportamento apenas no nível tácito, no intuito de promover a socialização das experiências dos sujeitos. No que concerne ao uso desses recursos para o compartilhamento observa-se que não houve uma continuidade com o passar do tempo, resultando em diminuição na frequência da participação dos usuários. Também nota-se que as práticas de compartilhamento de conhecimento não apresentaram um percentual elevado em relação ao total de registros identificados, revelando que há uma preferência por compartilhamentos que envolvem fluxos informacionais formais (informação). Conclui-se que os aspectos intervenientes ao compartilhamento entre os agentes, nesse ambiente virtual, ao mesmo tempo que envolvem facilitadores, tais como, motivação para compartilhar e satisfação dos sujeitos quanto ao uso desse mecanismo, também apresentam alguns inibidores que precisam ser contornados, entre eles, o relacionamento entre os agentes, a cultura e a estrutura da organização e o entendimento desses colaboradores quanto ao uso dos recursos disponíveis. Como recomendações, sugere-se iniciativas que possam envolver, de maneira integrada, a cultura e a estrutura da organização, os agentes e os recursos da comunidade virtual.

Os estudos acerca da gestão do conhecimento apontam para a utilização do conhecimento como fomento de um desempenho mais eficaz, a partir do envolvimento dos sujeitos nos processos organizacionais, valorizando os ativos do conhecimento, capazes de promover o sucesso da organização. A literatura da área de gestão do conhecimento concentra suas discussões no ambiente das organizações empresariais e possui a maioria das pesquisas e aplicações voltadas ao conhecimento organizacional, contudo, verifica-se a existência de outros contextos, nos quais a gestão do conhecimento pode ser estudada e discutida, dentre esses, o contexto das organizações universitárias, sob a perspectiva do conhecimento científico. A pesquisa investigou o ambiente de uma organização universitária, com o objetivo de estudar o processo de compartilhamento do conhecimento científico na Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR). Para tanto, realizou um estudo de caso envolvendo docentes que atendessem a dois requisitos: orientar tese de doutorado e possuir bolsa produtividade do CNPq. Os dados foram coletados por meio de pesquisa documental e entrevistas em profundidade analisadas utilizando a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam que embora ainda não existam muitos estudos acerca da gestão do conhecimento científico, o ambiente científico já agrega elementos utilizados pela GC. Para os entrevistados, o processo de aquisição de conhecimentos e o interesse pela atividade de pesquisa não estão atrelados à área de formação, mas as suas características individuais. As pesquisas são realizadas em áreas definidas para adensar o conhecimento. A produção está atrelada à pesquisa dos seus orientandos e para iniciar um novo estudo, utilizam a literatura, sobretudo periódicos internacionais. Os canais de comunicação utilizados são, a participação em eventos, e-mail, viagens, contato face a face, participação em bancas, Skype, aulas, fórum, reuniões, telefone, chat, lista de e-mail, página web (acesso aberto e restrito por senha), palestras, seminários, servidor web (com senha), videoconferência. Na comunicação formal, os periódicos são escolhidos por qualidade e credibilidade. Não há ferramentas e práticas institucionalizadas para o compartilhamento de informação e conhecimento, o que ocorre em meios informais, contudo, há o investimento recente em ferramentas como portal institucional, biblioteca digital de teses e dissertações e repositório institucional. O ambiente institucional apresenta espaço físico limitado, por outro lado oferece condições para a realização de atividades de pesquisa. Consideram o contato com os pares relevante para a realização de suas atividades de pesquisa. / Studies on knowledge management have pointed out the use of knowledge as a way for developing more efficient performances, due to the involvement of subjects on organizational processes, recognizing the value of knowledge assets as capable of making an enterprise successful. The literature in the area of knowledge management concentrates the discussions on business organizational environment and most of researches and applications are related to the organizational knowledge perspective. However, it is noted the existence of other contexts where knowledge management can be studied and discussed, among these, academic contexts on the scientific knowledge perspective. This work has investigated the environment of an academic institution with the aim of studying the scientific knowledge sharing at Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR). For so, a case study was developed at the institution, involving professors who met the following requirements: being primary adviser of doctorate dissertations and receiving Research Productivity Scholarship from CNPq. The data were collected by means of documental research and interviews were deeply analyzed using Content Analysis. The results showed that, even though there are not many studies on scientific knowledge management, the scientific environment already possesses elements used by KM. According to the interviewees, the process of knowledge acquisition and the interest in research activities are not tied to their professional area, but to their individual characteristics. Research is conducted in defined areas in order to deepen knowledge. Their production is related to the research conducted by their advisees and, in order to start a new study, they make use of literature, especially international journals. The communication channels mentioned were: participation in events, e-mails, trips, face to face contact, participation in boards, Skype, classes, forums, meetings, phone calls, chat, e-mail list, web page (open access and restricted by password), lectures, seminars, web server (with password), video conferencing. In relation to the formal communication, journals are chosen for their quality and credibility. There are no institutionalized tools and practices for sharing information and knowledge. It occurs in informal ways. However, investments have been recently made in tools such as the institutional portal, digital library of theses and dissertations and institutional repository. The institutional environment has limited physical space, on the other hand, it offers conditions for carrying out research activities. They consider contact with peers relevant for the development of their research activities.