As nursing is a practice-based profession it is essential that pre-graduate students are socialised in the clinical learning environment from the start of their training. Consequently, clinical accompaniment is regarded as a vital component of nursing training to offer the necessary support to pre-graduate students. This study aimed to evaluate clinical accompaniment of pre graduate students in a specific Nursing Education Institution (NEI) in Gauteng as part of the four year comprehensive programme by means of Appreciative Inquiry (AI). The AI approach focuses on the positive aspects of an organisation and aims to enhance what could and should be valued rather than focusing on the problems. A qualitative, contextual, explorative and descriptive research design was utilised. Data was collected from second-, third- and fourth-year comprehensive programme pre-graduate nursing students in a specific NEI by means of semi-structured self-report interview guide. The data was analysed according to the four objectives of this study, guided by the 4-D cycle of AI, utilizing content analysis and verified by the co-coder. The results were categorized into four main themes. For the first objective, “the best of what is”, nurse educator support, registered nurse support, students’ professional development, and multidisciplinary team members’ support, were themed. The second objective intended to enhance the best of what is by indicating “what could be” the ideal clinical accompaniment. The third objective indicated “what should be” addressed during clinical accompaniment to move towards excellence and enhance the clinical learning experiences of students and the following themes emerged: inadequate support from nurse educators, lack of resources, inadequate support from registered nurses, and disregard for student status. The respondents recommended “what must be” as an action plan to enhance clinical accompaniment based on the findings, and the following themes emerged: nurse educator’s responsibility, registered nurse’s responsibility, and availability of resources for students. / Dissertation (MCur)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Nursing Science / unrestricted

I det här arbetet har jag undersökt melodiernas kvalitet och vilka byggstenar som ligger till grund för melodins intresse. Därför begränsade jag mig till att skriva sex ”four chords”-låtar där jag sedan bedömde och analyserade resultatet. Jag kom fram till att melodins samverkan med rytmen samt användandet av pauser är av största vikt för att melodin ska finna mitt intresse.

Notre travail est consacré à l’étude des matériaux carbonés utilisés comme réducteurs pour la production des alliages de manganèse dans le four électrique à arc immergé. Le choix du réducteur est important pour l’optimisation du procédé métallurgique et sa réactivité au CO2 est le paramètre le plus important utilisé par les producteurs de ferroalliages pour évaluer sa qualité. Les objectifs de notre travail sont : ? d’établir les critères de sélection du coke métallurgique ou réducteur de remplacement, utilisés pour la production des alliages de manganèse dans le four électrique, en utilisant la réactivité au CO2 comme le principal paramètre pour évaluer sa qualité ; ? d’un point de vue plus fondamental, apporter une meilleure compréhension des réactions du carbone dans le réacteur industriel. Dans l’optique d’une modélisation globale du four électrique, notre travail fournit des paramètres cinétiques d’une des réactions les plus importantes du procédé : la réaction de Boudouard. L’étude de la réductibilité des oxydes de manganèse pourrait donc être une nouvelle étape vers la construction d’un modèle global du réacteur industriel. Un troisième volet d’expériences utile à la modélisation serait l’étude de l’influence de la nature et du calibre du réducteur sur la résistivité électrique de la charge. / The main aims of our work have been to establish criteria useful for reductant selection, using coke reactivity to CO2 as the main parameter for reductant quality assessment and, from a fundamental point of view, to develop a better understanding of carbon reactions inside the industrial reactor. Therefore, Boudouard reaction has been studied on three increasing scales: intrinsic chemical reaction, coke lump, and coke bed scales. Several different types of carbonaceous materials have been studied. They represent the variety of reductants commonly used in the production of manganese ferroalloys in the electric furnace. It has been shown that this extended range of reductants introduces large differences between their characteristics, mainly between their reactivity to CO2. Regarding the coke lump gasification kinetics, the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model has been used to represent the intrinsic rate of the Boudouard reaction. A good correlation has been found between the initial gasification rates of the coke beds and the single coke lumps. The difference between these rates increases with increasing reductant reactivity. It is possible to determine coke gasification regime inside the industrial electric arc furnace using single particle and coke bed gasification models. The overall rate at which coke reacts with CO2 inside the industrial reactor is probably limited by the intrinsic chemical reaction. Therefore, a reactivity index, based on the initial gasification rate of the reductant, measured in the chemical-kinetics controlled regime, seems to be adapted to the reductant quality assessment. An additional technique could be the microtextural analysis.

This study intends to explore and give insight in how the Swedish PR-profession has evolved due to digitization, in reference to the science expectations of the professions evolvement.Through qualitative interviews, six Public Relations practitioners has supplied this study with the empirical basis which with an interpretive analysis generates a comprehensive insight into the Swedish public relations profession. This study has analyzed the PR-practitioner’s descriptions of their communicative activities through Grunig and Hunts (1984) four communicative models and with consideration to social contexts. The digitization and the emergence of social media is described by science as the beginning of a new communicative paradigm, which entails a development towards symmetrical dialogue that will generate mutual understanding between the organization and stakeholders (Grunig, 2009). This analysis shows that the Swedish public relations profession exhibit tendencies to evolve with scientific prophecy. The study also shows that the organizations still widely don’t operates with the symmetrical two-way model.

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / Capacitance and conductance measurements using two and four wire techniques were developed and statically and dynamically calibrated in this thesis. The voltage sensitivities range from 7.3 to 8.1 ± 0.1 mV/cm for the two wire capacitance system static calibrations. This is ± 5.2% of the limiting theoretical value. The voltage sensitivities range from 0.3 to 0.4 ± 0.1 V/cm for the four wire conductance system static calibrations. Dynamic calibrations were only completed for the conductance system. The dynamic calibration results were weakly frequency dependent with a qj-0.15 decay in a limited, 2-4 Hz range. Wind power spectrum measurements were taken in the existing Upper Ocean Simulations Facility at the Naval Postgraduate School. There was excellent agreement in the spectra with both techniques. Driven gravity wave frequency downshifting and wind energy dumping was observed in the combined gravity wave and wind-wave measurements. The power spectra peaked near two Hertz and decayed at 50 to 70 dB per decade, or as CO -5 to G)" 7 for both systems. Gravity wave phase speed and wavelength measurements were performed with the capacitance system. The results were approximately 40% higher than theory. / http://archive.org/details/developmentcalib00yarb

A study was done at Steve Biko Academic hospital to determine the influence that respiratory gating will have on target volumes used in radiotherapy treatment planning. The primary objective was to compare target volumes of respiratory gated scans to ungated scans and to determine whether it will be meaningful to permanently implement a 4D respiratory gating system on CT scanners in the South African public health sector and to use these images for target volume delineation in radiotherapy planning. The study consisted of three sections. In the first section, 4D respiratory gated CT images were obtained and delineated with 4D software. The full-inspiration and full-expiration phases of the gated scans were then fused to obtain ungated images which were also delineated. The gross tumor volumes (GTVs) of the gated phases were compared to the ungated GTVs, and found that on average the volumes decreased by 14.63% with a standard deviation of 7.96% when gating was applied. Yet another aim was to determine the influence that 4D imaging will have on radiotherapy treatment planning. One of the 4D study sets was imported to the XIO treatment planning system where IMRT treatment plans were created on both the gated and ungated scans. The plans conformed to the treatment aims and restrictions when clinical parameters such as DVHs were used to evaluate it. The planned target volume coverage differed by less than 1% between the gated and the ungated plans, but significant dose reductions to the OARs of up to 32.65% to the contralateral lung were recorded on the gated plan. In the second section of this study, respiratory gated CT scans were simulated by applying the breath-hold technique to lung cancer patients. The technique was applied during full-inspiration which fundamentally represents the maximum peak of the sinusoidal respiratory waveform. An ungated scan was also acquired during normal respiration. The clinical target volumes (CTVs) were identified on both scans by three oncologists and the average CTVs were compared. It was found that the CTVs decreased significantly by an average of 14.33%. Palliative patients receive parallel opposing field therapy which is planned from 2D films. It is very unlikely that these opposing field sizes will differ when gating is applied. It was therefore concluded that only radical lung patients, which was estimated to be a mere 0.03% of the total radiation therapy patient population, will benefit by implementing respiratory gating or any motion-reduction technique. For the third section of the study, respiratory gated PET scans were acquired on a PET/CT scanner to evaluate external, non-technical parameters that will influence respiratory gating. The results indicated that time and patient participation were not limiting factors. The biggest concerns however were the effectiveness of the gating system, software limitations and the gated results. These problems might be minimized with thorough training on the system. All three sections as well as the financial implications were considered to conclude that it will not be meaningful to implement 4D respiratory gating techniques in the South African public health sector Copyright / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Medical Oncology / unrestricted

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In the first chapter the thesis describes the theoretical forms of investment and the key aspects for investment decision. In the second chapter, the support systems of individual countries are characterized. The third chapter focuses on the key sectors for investment in Visegrad four and their support. In last chapter, the thesis summarizes common and different features of the investment support systems and offers the SWOT analysis including recommendations for next steps.

My diploma thesis examines international relations of Germany and Central European states, mainly German neighbours - Poland, the Czech Republic and Austria. The topic is interesting due to deep historical roots of mutual relations among the mentioned states as well as due to their current intensive bilateral and multilateral cooperation.

The theme of the diploma thesis is the Visegrad Four and its activity from the establishment in 1991 to the present. The aim of the thesis is to focus on the main purpose of the Group. The thesis examines fulfillment of set goals, which accomplishment the cooperation of V4 enabled. Significant activities of the group include EU entry, NATO entry, Schengen membership and establishment of CEFTA. The thesis covers present economic development of members of Visegrad and monetary policy regarding possible Euro acceptance. In the closing part there are the current priorities and spheres of cooperation of the Visegrad Group evaluated, i.e. activity in the EU and cooperation within V4, as well as other future perspective interest areas.