The traditional mobile radio channel has always suffered from the detrimental effects of multipath fading. The use of multiple antennae at both ends of the wireless channel has proven to be very effective in combatting fading and enhancing the channel's spectral efficiency. To exploit the benefits offered by Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) systems, both the transmitter and the receiver have to be optimally designed. In this thesis, we are concerned with the problem of receiver design for MIMO systems in a spatial multiplexing scheme. The MIMO detection problem is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem. Solving this problem to optimality requires an exponential search over the space of all possible transmitted symbols in order to find the closest point in a Euclidean sense to the received symbols; a procedure that is infeasible for large systems. We introduce a new heuristic algorithm for the detection of a MIMO wireless system based on the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) metaheuristic. The new algorithm, AntMIMO, has a simple architecture and achieves near maximum likelihood performance in polynomial time.

With the rapid development of power electronic devices and microprocessor chips, the engineers and researchers have come to pay more attentions to the feasibility of the control and drive for the switched reluctance motor. This motor has lots of advantages of low-cost, high efficiency, high stability and high hot emissive. And, it can be well operated under high temperature environment. In this paper, A newly control and monitor system is proposed with DSP-based driver system and the user-friendly LabVIEW software. The TMS320C240 chip-set is applied to construct the motor-driving system and to produce the PWM signal for the switched motor. The graphic user interface (GUI) is designed by using LabVIEW. The functions of the proposed human/machine interface (MMI) system includes the multi-channel digital I/O acquisition, the voltage/current signal acquisition,and the protocol setting.

The design and implementation of LabVIEW-aided power system SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) for industrial applications is presented in this thesis. The system includes some sensors¡Bcontrol hardware, and two fore-microprocessors; and it runs in the environment of popular windows by personal computer, using LabVIEW between human and machine. The mainframe computer can get the electrical power parameters (such as voltage¡Bcurrent and power factor )from the fore-microprocessor via RS-485 communication interface. All of the power parameters and control signals are transmitted upon the network, so it can also command the remote controllers to detect the status and control the switching gear of the remote equipments. These data can be recorded and stored simultaneously in the LabVIEW environment and displayed on the screen. The design accomplishes function of signal acquisition and data transmission features low cost¡Bhigh stability, with remote controller, and easy expansion. It can mange and control the conventional household or industrial electric equipment, to achieve the goal of energy conservation.

Well stimulation techniques are applied on a regular basis to enhance productivity and maximize recovery in oil and gas wells. Among these techniques, matrix acidizing is probably the most widely performed job because of its relative low cost, compared to hydraulic fracturing, and suitability to both generate extra production capacity and to restore original productivity in damaged wells. The acidizing process leads to increased economic reserves, improving the ultimate recovery in both sandstone and carbonate reservoirs. Matrix acidizing consists of injecting an acid solution into the formation, at a pressure below the fracture pressure to dissolve some of the minerals present in the rock with the primary objective of removing damage near the wellbore, hence restoring the natural permeability and greatly improving well productivity. Reservoir heterogeneity plays a significant role in the success of acidizing treatments because of its influence on damage removal mechanisms, and is strongly related to dissolution pattern of the matrix. The standard acid treatments are HCl mixtures to dissolve carbonate minerals and HCl- HF formulations to attack those plugging minerals, mainly silicates (clays and feldspars). A matrix acidizing apparatus for conducting linear core flooding was built and the operational procedure for safe, easy, and comprehensive use of the equipment was detailed. It was capable of reproducing different conditions regarding flow rate, pressure, and temperature. Extensive preliminary experiments were carried out on core samples of both Berea sandstone and Cream Chalk carbonate to evaluate the effect of rock heterogeneities and treatment conditions on acidizing mechanisms. The results obtained from the experiments showed that the temperature activates the reaction rate of HF-HCl acid mixtures in sandstone acidizing. The use of higher concentrations of HF, particularly at high temperatures, may cause deconsolidation of the matrix adversely affecting the final stimulation results. It was also seen that the higher the flow rate the better the permeability response, until certain optimal flow rates are reached which appears to be 30 ml/min for Berea sandstone. Highly permeable and macroscopic channels were created when acidizing limestone cores with HCl 15%. In carbonate rocks, there is an optimum acid injection rate at which the dominant wormhole system is formed.

This thesis proposes an interactive software tool that can be used to compute complete sets of Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Controllers from knowledge of the plant transfer function/frequency response data. This is based on research results and algorithms developed by Bhattacharyya and others. Until these research results were published, it was not known if a nominal system could be stabilized using PID Controllers, and current PID Controller designs are carried out using ad hoc tuning rules. By using simulations, engineers can best plan for and observe the stabilizing effect each of the variables has on system performance in a realistic environment. The software application developed calculates and optimizes complete stabilizing sets of PID Controllers for a rational Linear Time Invariant (LTI) system, and has been developed for analytical models of plants with and without time delay. Further, these PID Controller sets are optimized to project subsets simultaneously satisfying multiple performance index specifications. Sets of PID Controllers that stabilize a system are also calculated automatically from knowledge of the frequency response of the plant. It allows the user ease of design and the ability to customize the final solution while permitting full control over source parameters. This thesis includes an introduction to the algorithms that have been developed for plant stabilization, a complete description of the graphical user interface, the simulation of the algorithms performed using LabVIEW, and a summary of future work.

<p>Insamling av data med hjälp av en linjär bildsensor, I/0 modul och LabVIEW i realtid för analys.Uppgiften innefattar val av skanner och I/O modul samt utvärdering av den insampladeinformationen. I rapporten beskrivs det också hur olika enheter synkroniseras med varandra.</p> / <p>This report deals about how to collect data with a linear image sensor, I/0 modul and LabVIEW in real time for further analyses. The report declares the choices of scanner and I/O modul for the insamples of data information. This rapport also tells about how to synchronize the equipments.</p>

This master thesis report covers an investigation of how FPGA based hardware can be used to create customizable measurement instruments, for test of electrical equipment in JAS 39 Gripen. The investigation is done at Saab Support and Services in Arboga. Electrical equipment are gradually replacing functions, which previously have been obtained by other systems, in safety critical environments. Since the functions are safety critical, they require regular testing in order to verify proper operation. The aircraft JAS 39 Gripen, which is manufactured and developed by Saab, is an example of such system. Proper operation of the avionics in it are essential in order to maintain flying safety. There already exist systems today that can verify the functionality of electronics in JAS 39 Gripen. However, there are a number of scenarios where those test systems are somewhat inflexible. More flexible test systems are often desired. This flexibility can be obtained by using congurable hardware, suggestively with FPGAs. This approach is investigated in this master thesis.

Ο στόχος αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας αυτής είναι η ανάπτυξη ενός συστήματος ελέγχου για την κίνηση ενός επίπεδου ρομποτικού βραχίονα πλεονάζοντων βαθμών ελευθερίας με στόχο την αποφυγή εμποδίων έτσι ώστε να αποφευχθεί οποιαδήποτε πιθανή σύγκρουση. Αρχικά γίνεται εισαγωγή στα κινούμενα ρομπότ και στις παραμέτρους που τα χαρακτηρίζουν. Επίσης δεδομένου ότι η επικοινωνία του ρομπότ με το περιβάλλον γίνεται μέσω αισθητήρων γίνεται μια εισαγωγή για τη γενική λειτουργία αυτών. Πιο συγκεκριμένα αυτή η εργασία πραγματεύεται τους ρομποτικούς βραχίονες οι οποίοι είναι αρθρωτά ρομπότ η λειτουργία των οποίων είναι παρόμοια με αυτή του ανθρώπινου βραχίονα. Τέλος γίνεται αναφορά στους αισθητήρες θερμοκρασίας και συγκεκριμένα σε αυτούς που παρέχουν οι ολοκληρωμένες πλατφόρμες Telos motes οι οποίες συνδυάζουν χαμηλή κατανάλωση ισχύος και δυνατότητα ασύρματης μετάδοσης δεδομένων. Για να προσομοιώσουμε την αποφυγή εμποδίων και στη συνέχεια να εκτελέσουμε το πείραμα χρειάστηκε πρώτα να μελετήσουμε το ευθύ κινηματικό πρόβλημα, το οποίο προσδιορίζει τη θέση του τελικού σημείου όταν γνωρίζουμε τις γωνίες των συνδέσμων του βραχίονα. Επιπρόσθετα παρουσιάζεται το μαθηματικό μοντέλλο της θεωρίας της αποφυγής εμποδίων και η τελική εξίσωση η οποία εφαρμόζεται στον επαναληπτικό αλγόριθμο της αποφυγής. Σε αυτή την εργασία δεν ασχολούμαστε καθόλου με τη δυναμική των ρομπότ. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο προσομοιώνουμε με τη βοήθεια του λογισμικού πακέτου MATLAB την αποφυγή εμποδίων θεωρώντας πολλές περιπτώσεις ρομπότ διαφόρων βαθμών ελευθερίας και ποικίλων εμποδίων στο περιβάλλον του βραχίονα. Η στρατηγική αποφυγής έγγυται στο να προσδώσουμε στα σημεία του βραχίονα που απειλούνται από ενδεχόμενα εμπόδια μία ταχύτητα έτσι ώστε να τα οδηγήσει μακρύα από αυτά. Για να γίνει αυτό χωρίς να διακοπέι η πρωτεύουσα εργασία του ρομπότ, η οποία είναι η τοποθέτηση του τελικού σημείου δράσης σε ένα σημείο του επιπέδου, χρειάζεται ο βραχίονας να διαθέτει πλεονάζοντες βαθμούς ελευθερίας ώστε να είναι αρκετά ευέλικτος σε ένα περιβάλλον με εμπόδια. Σε τελικό στάδιο παρουσιάζεται η πειραματική αποφυγή ενός εμποδίου χρησιμοποιώντας το λογισμικό Lab VIEW για την επικοινωνία του χρήστη με ένα ρομποτικό βραχίονα τριών βαθμών ελευθερίας. Εδώ εφαρμόσαμε για πρώτη φορά τη θεωρία της ανάδρασης δεδομένου ότι λόγω θορύβου και μηχανικών τριβών στα γρανάζια των επενεργητών η πραγματική θέση του ρομπότ θα διαφέρει από την επιθυμητή. Για μέτρηση της πραγματικής θέσης χρησιμοποιήθηκαν δύο ψηφιακοί και ένας οπτικός encoders. Τέλος για αισθητήρα χρησιμοποιήσαμε ένα Telos mote για αναγνώριση θερμοκρασίας του εμποδίου το οποίο ήτανε μια πηγή φλόγας. Με κατάλληλους μετασχηματισμόυς μετατρέψαμε αυτή τη μέτρηση θερμοκρασίας σε απόσταση η οποία είναι και η απόσταση του εμποδίου από το βραχίονα. Στο τελευταίο κεφάλαιο συνοψίζουμε τα αποτελέσματα της προσομοίωσης και του πειράματος και παραθέτουμε προτάσεις για περεταίρω έρευνα καθώς και για βελτίωση των αποτελεσμάτων σε μελλοντικά πειράματα. Εντέλει, αυτή η εργασία αποτελεί μία εισαγωγή στη ρομποτική και σε πειράματα ελεγχόμενα από ηλεκτρονικό υπολογιστή και τονίζει τη σπουδαιότητα της χρήσης τον ρομπότ στη σύγχρονη επιστήμη. / -

As the rapid development of the rail transportation industry, rail transportation becomes more popular as a component of urban public transport systems, but the fallen obstacle(s) from the rail platform becomes the terrible hidden danger for the rail transportation. As an enclosed public transport systems, rail transportation creates gathered crowd both on board and on the platform. Although railway is the safest form of land transportation, it is capable of producing lots of casualties, when there is an accident.There are several conventional systems of obstacles detection in platform monitoring systems like stereo visions, thermal scanning, and vision metric scanning, etc. As the traditional detection systems could not achieve the demand of detecting the obstacles on the rail within the platform. In this thesis, the author designs a system within the platform based on laser sensors, virtual instruments technology, and image processing technology (machine vision) to increase the efficiency of detection system. The system is useful for guarantying the safety of rail vehicle when coming into the platform and avoid obstacle(s) on the rail fallen from the platform, having a positive impact on traffic safety to protect lives of people.The author used LabVIEW software to create a simulation environment where the input blocks represent the functionalities of the system, in which simulated train detection and fallen object detection. In this thesis, the author mainly focuses on fallen object detection. For fallen object detection, the author used 2D image processing method to detect obstacle(s), so the function is, before the rail vehicle comes into the platform, the system could detect whether there is fallen obstacle(s) on the rail within the platform, simultaneously categorize size of the obstacle(s), and then alarm for delivering the results.

With the development of computer and information technology, information and network will be the inevitable trend of smart home which aims to offer a comfortable, efficient, and convenient home. In this thesis, the background, developments and limitations of smart home systems will be described. Wired and wireless technologies applied on the smart home network will be analyzed and a comparison of them will be made. Finally, the ZigBee technology is selected to design the wireless communication network. For the system design, the thesis describes an idea where cluster topology is chosen to design the smart home system and demonstrates the process of networking as well. Based on the Labview platform, a smart home system will be simulated to achieve the functions included in data acquisition, analysis, display and storage. More specially, I will focus on temperature monitoring and control of heating and cooling systems. Finally, an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the smart home system is given.