Dans la première partie, nous considérons une relation positive entre la qualification des travailleurs et la qualité du produit final, dans un modèle d’équilibre partiel avec un marché verticalement différencié. Nous prouvons qu’avec l’introduction du marché du travail, le résultat standard de différenciation en qualités n’est plus vérifié. Nous testons ce résultat en ouvrant l’économie à l’international. Nous considérons ensuite un modèle d’équilibre général où les individus sont potentiellement consommateurs, travailleurs et propriétaires des firmes. Nous nous intéressons à la préférence de la majorité entre le monopole et le duopole. Nous montrons que ce choix démocratique ne génère pas nécessairement moins de pauvreté sur le plan individuel et collectif. Dans la deuxième partie, nous introduisons des universités en amont du marché du travail. Dans un premier temps, nous montrons que pour un niveau d’inefficience faible de l’Etat, la privatisation partielle apparaît à l’équilibre et l’Etat est généralement largement majoritaire. Ensuite, nous nous intéressons au financement de l’éducation. Nous déterminons le niveau des frais d’inscription publics à travers un vote à la majorité, dans un système éducatif mixte. Nous prouvons que les extrêmes ou la classe moyenne sont majoritaires selon le niveau du coût marginal de la qualité privée. Finalement, nous nous intéressons au sponsoring des universités par les firmes. Moyennant un modèle d’agence commune, nous prouvons qu’il existe une relation négative entre la proportion des travailleurs qualifiés et la part des firmes dans le financement de l’éducation. / We consider, first, a positive relationship between workers’ skills and product quality, in a model of partial equilibrium with vertical preferences. We prove that the standard result of vertical differentiation no longer applies by the introduction of the labor market. We also test the robustness of our results under globalization. Then, we consider a general equilibrium model where individuals are potentially consumers, workers and shareholders. We study the majority preference between duopoly and monopoly, and we prove that the democratic choice doesn’t always generate less poverty, collectively and individually. Second, we introduce universities upstream the labor market. We prove that partial privatization of the university appears at equilibrium for a low level of public inefficiency, where the State has a broad majority. Then, we study the question of financing education. We determine the level of public tuition fees via a majority voting model, in a mixed education system. We prove that the extremes or the middle class hold the majority depending on the marginal cost structure of the private quality. And finally, we study firms’ sponsoring universities. Using a common agency approach, we prove that there is a negative relationship between the proportion of skilled workers and the share of firms in financing education.

This thesis calculates the value of statistical life (VSL) in the Czech Republic based on estimation of fatal risk computed across occupation within industries. Using the regression analysis, I estimate the impact of the fatal risk on wage. From this I calculate the VSL using the hedonic wage model. I use randomized wage data sample with 150 000 observations from the year 2013 combined with injury data from the years 2013-2015. Based on this data I estimated the VSL to be in a range between 6 965 277CZK (260 092EURO) and 37 355 674CZK (1. 394mil.EURO) based on statistically significant estimates of fatal risk. Furthermore, I estimate my model of fatal risk calculated across industries to compare the impact of the level of risk in the computation. This regression indicates that estimates based on risk in industries are overestimated. My results show that the method of risk computation is a key factor affecting the VSL.

The aim of this work is the description of the unemployment of graduates from selected universities in the Czech Republic between 2012 to 2016 and compare the unemployment of graduates across the fields of study. This work will be split into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part will describe the labor market, unemployment, the development of unemployment in the Czech Republic, the legislation on labor market in the Czech Republic, active and passive policy of unemployment and the status of the graduate in the labor market. In the practical part, it will be compared to the unemployment rate of university graduates in custody on the rankings of universities in the Czech Republic. The end of practical part will be based on the survey analysis of work experience and work involvement of students of master's degree at selected universities in the Czech Republic and will be compared with the development of graduate unemployment in the years 2012 to 2016 across the fields of study.

This thesis is focused on employment opportunities for persons with disabilities. Displays their currently employment opportunities and apply on the Czech labor market. In the context of international comparision, these options are compared also with the support in Austria. Specific case of this thesis is project STUDEO. Programs designed to promote employment of disabled people are often lergely co-financed by EU funds. Distribution of these funds is also part of the work. Finally work show that these small and transparent projects are effective instrument for promoting employment of disabled people.

The theme of diploma thesis is the analysis of developments on the regional labor market in the South Bohemian region. The analytical part of the work is focused on assessing the development of employment and unemployment and on the evaluation of factors that influence this development. The work monitors the position of women on the labor market in the South Bohemian region. The work assesses overall labor market developments in the the South Bohemian region and compares this trend with the situation in the Czech Republic. The work analyzes the development of social care and assistance in material need, the trend has been influenced by changes in the development of unemployment and legislative changes in the provision of these benefits.

The focus of this paper is second-generation immigrants and their labor market performance. With increased immigration from a more diverse ethnic background during the latest decades, it has become apparent that there is a difference between immigrant ethnic groups in labor market performance, in which some groups are more disadvantaged. Now more of these children have grown up, and research shows that the difficulties their parents had, affects the second generation. It is therefore of interest to understand what causes problems and generates opportunities for the second generation and try to understand the division between groups. One theory regarding the integration over generations and the differences between groups is segmented assimilation theory, proposed by Portes and Zhous (1993). According to this theory, both individual characteristics, and the context of immigrant lives are important. Starting with this theory, this paper looks deeper into individual characteristics and context, with special attention towards the implication of the context and the labor market. The thesis does this by testing if “local context,” a concept by Ellis & Almgren (2009) branched to understand the local geographical dimension at a smaller scale than national matter, in the shape of regions. The focus toward context and labor market is due to a small degree of research that attempts to explain how well the second-generation succeeds, depending on the labor market. The method for this is quantitative and builds on comparisons between regressions. A measurement called International Socioeconomic Index (ISEI) is used to explain the impact of the differences between ethnic groups. First are ordinary least square regressions with only ethnic groups, individual characteristics and no spatial aspect compared to a multilevel model based on labor market regions. Further are the spatial characteristics (whether a region is a big city or not), and the degree to which a region is knowledge-based. These factors are added in a multilevel regression to see if these spatial aspects can explain what it is about the regions that have an impact. The result shows a difference between both ethnic groups and regions, and that regions do explain some of the difference between the ethnic groups. The data also show that some non-European groups have higher status occupation than previous research has indicated. Other factors affecting immigrant groups are whether they live in a big city region or not, and how knowledge-based a region is, there it is an advantage living in regions with these factors. However, there is still an unexplained difference between ethnic groups, due to unknown factors. The result are also influenced of sample selection, it is therefore important to be aware that this result only show people with occupation and not labor market performance overall, as unemployment is not taken into account.

The diploma thesis focuses on human resources, labor market and regional development in the South Bohemian region. The main goal of the thesis is to evaluate the demographic and economic indicators, labor market indicators and educational structure in the South Bohemian region compared to other regions at NUTS III level in the Czech Republic and on the basis of own survey to formulate recommendations to a regional policy in supporting of the employment and development of the human resources in the South Bohemian region. This thesis consists of 5 parts. The first part focuses on human resources and labor market. The second part defines the regional development and regional policy, focusing on a regional policy of the European Union and the Czech Republic. The third part characterize the South Bohemia region and describes the basic documents of regional policy in the South Bohemia region. The fourth part examines and evaluates the development of demographic and economic indicators, labor market and educational structure in the Czech Republic. The fifth section focuses on the human resources and labor market in the South Bohemia region and its comparison with other regions at NUTS III level. This section consist of an analysis of demographic and economic indicators, labor market and educational structure and evaluation of the survey of residents and employers in the South Bohemia region. The conclusion formulates recommendations on regional employment policies of the region and human resources.

The work examines the diversity of the status of graduates of private and public colleges in the labor market. It describes the main differences between the two types of institutions. It includes argument for the existence of both types of institutions and the issue is viewed in terms of cost recovery of investments in education. As the main analysis method it is used questionnaires and structured interviews with personnel agencies. The main hypothesis of this study was proved. It means that graduates of private colleges are evaluated worse than graduates of public universities in the labor market.

This diploma thesis is focused on the harmonization of work and family life. Specifically focused to the return of women with completed secondary education without leaving exam to the labor market after the maternity leave. The aim of this work is to find the unique determinants that affect transition between maternity leave and labor market. Next step is to compare unique factors with those that can be seen in the literature and specific determinants that can be seen in the financical sector. Adopted research strategy is qualitative approach, specifically semi-structured interview and questionnaire, which is conducted on nine preselected respondents. Collected data are analyzed by using open coding method, which brings us following details and conclusions. The respondents with completed secondary education without leaving exam are not interested in harmonization of work and family life, they would rather separate both spheres.The biggest barrier of return to the labour market is low education, the lack of kindegartens, night shifts and the lack of work experience. On the other hand there is an advantage on labor market if the mother have enough work experiences. Newly identified determinants are: poor financial situation of the family, the lack of information and sick child as a barrier of the transition between maternity leave and labor market. Vice versa contacts in the work field makes huge advantage when the mother has them. The results of this study provide hypotheses for further research. The contribution of this work is an insight to the return of a particular group of women to the labor market. It is possible that these women could experience different barriers than better educated mothers.

In my thesis I will focus on issue of changes in current Czech family roles and status. Main objective of my thesis is to cover essential roots of these changes. This topic was covered by me on basis of statistical and demogarfical data published in professional press as well as on individual study of independent sources. Changes in the family values are also caused by interchanging roles of men and women, their individual participation in operation, education and economic welfare of a family. These topics are also covered in the paper.These issues will be analyzed in regard of social mobility and unequality of particular family members, which influences theis social nad cultural capital, as well as consecuent ability to assert themselves in labour market. Changes in economic and social conditions have influenced family life very substantially, thus, partial task of my diploma thesis will be research focused on whether or not, in economicaly and socialy deprived regiones with relatively high unemployment, there are changes in family life influenced by disadvantegous social and economic conditons of a particular family dwelling area. My conception of this diploma thesis should contribute to understanding of development of a Czech family in contemporary social-economic and geopolitical development of Czech Republic in new millenium.