Diss.--Fachbereich Sprachen und Kulturen des Mittelmeerraums und Osteuropas--Giessen, 1982. / Bibliogr. p. 217-232.

Diss.--Philosophy--New York--Columbia university, 1928. / Bibliogr. p. 137-139. Index.

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Les auteurs qui vivaient à la cour des Plantagenêt, créaient une sorte de mythe historique et culturel, appelé à contribuer à la consolidation politique et sociale de leur royaume. Les Lais de Marie s’inscrivent dans ce contexte. La première partie montre pourquoi et comment Marie s’adresse à l’œuvre historiographique de Wace. L’influence de cet écrivain transparaît incontestablement dans l’œuvre de Marie et il n’est pas impossible que son projet littéraire, consistant à créer un recueil des douze lais, puisse être inspiré par la chronique de l’historiographe. La seconde partie dégage de nombreux liens intertextuels entre Marie et Chrétien de Troyes. Les contes d’origine celtique portant sur les transformations des personnes en animaux, « métamorphoses bretonnes », furent aux yeux de Marie une sorte de version des Métamorphoses antiques, un monument littéraire adapté par le jeune Chrétien. Celui-ci n’hésitait pas à faire dans ses romans des allusions plus au moins claires aux lais. La troisième partie étudie les notions-clés de la poésie des troubadours, ainsi que certains genres de la lyrique provençale qui auraient pu influencer les Lais. La quatrième partie met en lumière l’aspect parodique de la réception de la matière bretonne, ainsi que des lais de Marie par les auteurs anonymes. Marie transforme radicalement le statut culturel et littéraire des contes bretons, en imprégnant leurs adaptations françaises des réminiscences des écrits créés par ses contemporains et en ennoblissant les personnages conformément à la nouvelle morale de la société courtoise. Le genre de lai acquiert des contours précis, le chronotope breton se fixe en tant qu’élément essentiel du lai. / Authors who lived at the Plantagenet court created a historical and cultural myth that was meant to contribute to the political and social consolidation of the kingdom. Marie de France’s Lais are situated in this context. The first part of my thesis focuses on how and why Marie addresses the historiographical work of Wace. Not only is his influence visible in the lais but his voluminous poetical chronicle might have inspired in Marie the very idea of composing a collection of twelve lais. The second part brings to light a significant number of intertextual connections between Marie de France and Chrétien de Troyes. It is argued that Marie saw some similarities between the tales of Celtic origin about the transformation of humans into animals and Ovid’s Metamorphoses, translated by young Chrétien de Troyes. In his turn, Chrétien did not hesitate to allude to Marie’s Lais, more or less openly. The third part centers on the key notions and certain genres of troubadour poetry as a potential source of Marie’s Lais. The fourth part examines the parodic aspect in the reception of the Matter of Britain and of Marie’s Lais by anonymous authors. The results of my research have lead me to the conclusion that Marie radically transformed the cultural and literary status of Breton tales, filling them with reminiscences of her contemporaries’ writings, ennobling the characters of her tales in accordance with the new moral code of the court, and endowing them with the gloss of a fairy-tale ideality. Her immediate successors made this gloss even more pronounced. Thus the genre of the lai acquired a precise shape, and the Breton chronotope became an essential element of the lai.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-01-26T19:26:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LawrenceCezarMedeirosAraujoDeMoura_DISSERT.pdf: 1455935 bytes, checksum: 9fef77836a5ab162f9508aa7d8120c17 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-28T22:04:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LawrenceCezarMedeirosAraujoDeMoura_DISSERT.pdf: 1455935 bytes, checksum: 9fef77836a5ab162f9508aa7d8120c17 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-28T22:04:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LawrenceCezarMedeirosAraujoDeMoura_DISSERT.pdf: 1455935 bytes, checksum: 9fef77836a5ab162f9508aa7d8120c17 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-16 / A inova??o vem se tornando uma quest?o cada vez mais central e de grande notoriedade, n?o somente na literatura, como tamb?m nas pr?ticas de gest?o, tornando-se um tema estrat?gico para os gestores das organiza??es. Aliado a isso, tem-se o alto grau de competitividade presente no mercado, que contribui para a complexidade das tomadas de decis?o, uma vez que os gestores necessitam manter um ciclo de renova??o cont?nuo de seus processos e produtos. Dessa forma, as press?es do mercado em busca de novas alternativas incentivam a inova??o dentro das organiza??es como alicerce ? cultura da mudan?a em busca da sobreviv?ncia e de maior competitividade, tornando-se essencial conhecer os fatores que promovem o avan?o dos ambientes organizacionais direcionados ? inova??o. Corroborando essa perspectiva, Bouchikhi e Kimberly (2001) expressaram emblematicamente a ideia com dois enunciados: (1) as empresas necessitam inovar para sobreviver, sob pena de morrerem; e (2) o vasto reconhecimento dessa necessidade, assim como a dificuldade em estimular e sustentar a inova??o e o esp?rito empreendedor nas empresas, tem gerado uma mini-ind?stria de pesquisa e consultoria em gest?o focalizada nesses t?picos. Este trabalho caracteriza-se como descritivo com m?todos qualitativos e quantitativos. Quanto ao planejamento da pesquisa, optou-se pela pesquisa bibliogr?fica e pelo estudo de caso. A pesquisa, aqui desenvolvida, tem como intuito analisar o ambiente organizacional de um laborat?rio voltado para a inova??o tecnol?gica em sa?de, que ? refer?ncia em pesquisa e tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte, e verificar se o mesmo apresenta-se prop?cio ao desenvolvimento de inova??es. Para tanto, foram mapeadas as tecnologias desenvolvidas pelo Laborat?rio de Inova??o Tecnol?gica em Sa?de ? LAIS/UFRN e em seguida foi aplicado um question?rio com os atores do LAIS/UFRN. Tal question?rio ? fechado e com escala Likert. Como resultados, tem-se que as dimens?es 1, 6, 7 e 8, s?o as mais influentes para a forma??o de um ambiente inovador no LAIS. / Innovation has become an increasingly central issue of great reputation, not only in literature but also in management practices, becoming a strategic issue for managers of organizations. Allied to this, there is a high degree of competitiveness on the market, which contributes to the complexity of decision making, since managers need to maintain a continuous cycle of renewal processes and products. Thus, market pressures for new alternatives encourage innovation within organizations as a foundation for culture change in pursuit of survival and increased competitiveness, making it essential to know the factors that promote the advancement of organizational environments targeted innovation. Confirming this view, Bouchikhi and Kimberly (2001) symbolically expressed the idea with two statements: (1) companies need to innovate to survive, otherwise they die; and (2) the wide recognition of this need, as well as the difficulty to encourage and support innovation and entrepreneurship in business, has generated a mini-industry research and consulting in management focused on these topics. This study is characterized as descriptive with qualitative and quantitative methods. As for the planning of the research, it was decided to bibliographical research and the case study. The research, developed here, is meant to examine the organizational environment of a laboratory focused on technological innovation in health, which is a reference in research and technology of Rio Grande do Norte, and ensure that it presents opportunities to develop innovations. Therefore, the technologies developed by the Laborat?rio de Inova??o Tecnol?gica em Sa?de - LAIS/UFRN were mapped and then a questionnaire with the stakeholders of LAIS/UFRN was applied. This questionnaire is closed and Likert scale. As a result, it follows that the dimensions 1, 6, 7 and 8 are the most influential to form an innovative environment at LAIS.

Cette thèse examine d’abord les personnages merveilleux dans cinq lais de Marie de France, et reconnaît trois types de merveilleux : féerique, amoureux et lycanthropique. Sans motivation ni explicitation – donc par moyen d’un silence narratif – on reconnaît le personnage merveilleux « type ». Une analyse narratologique montre qu’un personnage peut être merveilleux sans être « type » et qu les cinq lais étudiés sont construits selon une focalisation sur le personnage humain. Examinant les actes magiques, cette thèse conclut que la magie des merveilleux « types » ne diffère d’un acte de celle des personnages non « types » que par la motivation psychologique. M’appuyant sur les lois universelles de la magie décrites par Hubert et Mauss, je conclus que Chievrefueil décrit en fait la construction d’une baguette magique. Dernièrement, l’altérité du personnage humain crée la possibilité d’une rencontre – d’habitude érotisée – entre le monde humain et le monde merveilleux et lance le récit.

In this dissertation, I explore how the twelfth-century poet Marie de France combines animals and clothing to define and teach noble conduct in her Lais collection. I suggest that the nexus she creates between animals, dress, and virtue is chimeric but consistent, appearing differently in each narrative situation but recurring as a means of demonstrating moral conduct. My chapters explore three of her lais that combine beasts and attire to address the unique way Marie features the animal-clothing combination in each to teach distinctive lessons in virtuous behavior. My chapter on Guigemar argues that Marie uses the magical hind and the exchange of a knotted shirt and a belt to rework Ovidian anti-love themes to teach the value of being tightly bound in loyal love. Chapter 3 analyzes the eponymous knight's removal of his clothing as the mechanism that triggers his appearance as a werewolf in Marie's lai Bisclavret. I show that Bisclavret's werewolf form is like a sartorial skin under which his selfhood remains unaltered rather than a true transformation, and I argue that Marie uses the knight's appearance as a wolf so that the loyalty he demonstrates to his king and his homosocial community becomes voluntary and therefore serves as a model of noble conduct to the reader. Chapter 4 discusses Marie's use of the characters' relationships to animals and dress in her lai Lanval to assert the importance of a feminine contribution to leadership in society.

Improving the quality of metal castings for serial production of automotive industry, leading to improvements in the properties of casts and their lower costs. This publication analyzes the non-metallic inclusions contained in casts of heads of internal combustion engines, molded of Nemak Czech Republic, Ltd. Tackling includes analysis of size, shape, chemical composition and hardness of the specific non-metallic inclusions. The thesis describes the purity metal holding furnaces and proposals to eliminate inclusions from metal.