Seit den 1990er Jahren werden Großereignisse in der Stadtsoziologie und den Planungswissenschaften als Instrumente der Stadtentwicklungspolitik diskutiert. Großereignissen wie den Olympischen Spielen, Weltausstellungen, Gartenschauen oder der Europäischen Kulturhauptstadt eilt der Ruf voraus, Entwicklungsimpulse in den Ausrichterstädten zu setzen oder einen Wendepunkt in der Stadtentwicklung zu markieren. Die fachliche Diskussion eint, dass Großereignisse die Umsetzung von Stadtentwicklungsprojekten beschleunigt. Ebenso gehört die Mobilisierung von Fördermitteln, die Bündelung personeller Ressourcen und die Stärkung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Ausrichterstadt zu weiteren bekannten Auswirkungen. Diese zu erwartenden positiven Effekte motiviert Städte immer wieder sich für Großereignisse zu bewerben. Doch was passiert, wenn Städte mit der Großereignisbewerbung scheitern? Die Dissertation konzentriert sich auf das Phänomen, dass zwischen 2000 und 2010 eine Vielzahl deutscher Städte mehrfach mit Bewerbungen für Großereignisse scheiterten. Inwieweit bestand ein Zusammenhang zwischen den verschiedenen Bewerbungsprozessen einer Stadt bzw. zu Stadtentwicklungsstrategien? Welche Effekte riefen die Bewerbungsprozesse in den Städten hervor und worauf lassen sich die Effekte zurückführen? Diesen Fragen wird durch die Analyse von 11 Fallstädten nachgegangen. Die recherchierten und aufgearbeiteten Informationen über die gescheiterten Großereignisbewerbungen und deren Effekte zeigen, dass die Bewerbungsprozesse oftmals der Ausgangspunkt für weitere Entwicklungen gewesen sind. Bewerbungsbücher, Bewerbungskonzeptionen und Machbarkeitsstudien enthalten viele Informationen über die Bewerberstädte, Zukunftsideen und Projekte zur Verbesserung der Lebensqualität in der Stadt. Sie stellen damit Belege dar, die einen bestimmten Entwicklungsabschnitt der ehemaligen Bewerberstädte dokumentieren und strategischen Stadtentwicklungsdokumenten ähneln.

<p>In the context of climate change, increasing demands for freshwater make it necessary to manage our water resources in a sustainable way and find innovative ways to extend their life. An integrated water management approach needs to consider anthropogenic water use and reuse which represent major components of the current water cycle. In particular, unplanned, or de facto, indirect water reuse occurs in most of the U.S. river systems; however, there is little real-time documentation of it. Despite the fact that there are national and state agencies that systematically collect data on water withdrawals and wastewater discharges, their databases are organized and managed in a way that limits the ability to combine reported water data to perform large scale analysis about water use and indirect reuse. To better document these issues and to demonstrate the utility of such an analysis, I studied the Wabash River Watershed located in the U.S. Midwest. Existing data for freshwater extraction, use, discharge, and river streamflow were collected, curated and reorganized in order to characterize the water use and reuse within the basin. Indirect water reuse was estimated by comparing treated wastewater discharges with stream flows at selected points within the watershed. Results show that during the low flow months of July-October 2007, wastewater discharges into the Wabash River basin contributed 82 to 121% of the stream flow, demonstrating that the level of water use and unplanned reuse is significant. These results suggest that intentional water reuse for consumptive purposes such as landscape or agricultural irrigation could have substantial ecological impacts by diminishing stream flow during vulnerable low flow periods. This research also completed a time series watershed-scale analysis of water use and unplanned indirect reuse for the Wabash River Watershed from 2009 to 2017. Results document the occurrence of indirect water reuse over time, ranging from 3% to 134% in a water-rich area of the U.S. The time series analysis shows that reported data effectively describe the water use trends through nine years, clearly reflecting both anthropogenic and natural events in the watershed, such as the retirement of thermoelectric power plants, and the occurrence of an extreme drought in 2012. Results demonstrate the feasibility and significance of using available water datasets to perform large scale water use analysis, describe limitations encountered in the process, and highlight areas for improvement in water data management.</p>

Der Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) stellt die zukünftige und einheitliche Basistechnologie für das Breitband-ISDN dar. Da nahezu alle wesentlichen Protokollfunktionen in Hardware realisierbar sind, soll nachfolgend ein Überblick über bereits angebotene VLSI-Schaltkreise gegeben werden. Eine Systematisierung und Einordnung vorhandener ATM-Chips hinsichtlich ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit und ihres Funktionsumfangs erfolgt in Hinblick auf das sogenannte B-ISDN-Referenzmodell. Dieses Schichtenmodell definiert die notwendigen Protokolle und Schnittstellen für den Asynchronous Transfer Mode. Zum grundlegenden Verständnis wird einleitend eine kurze Einführung in die Basisprinzipien von ATM gegeben.

Considering the long term target set by the Swedish government of having an energy system basedexclusively on renewable sources, the potential for different renewable sources need to beinvestigated. When analyzing the sources used for electricity production in Sweden today, solarPV represents a very small share. This relatively small share also mainly consists of grid-connecteddistributed PV systems, and to analyze the possibilities of making solar energy a larger share inthe electricity production in Sweden this study will focus on grid-connected centralized PV farms.The main purpose of the study is to identify the potential for grid-connected centralized PVsystems for large scale production in Sweden. This will include an identification of the mostimportant key factors influencing the profitability, an investment calculation to be aware of theprofitability, a prediction of the future development of the PV industry in Sweden and lastly themain challenges that the PV industry is facing.To conduct this study a collaboration with Vattenfall Vind AB has been made, where a case studybased on three specific locations has been implemented when analyzing both the profitability andthe key factors. These three cases are based on places where Vattenfall has existing wind farms orhas assigned for upcoming ones. These areas could be seen as a potential benefit since the companyalready has started to inspect the land area, and that wind and PV farms might be able to sharenecessities such as infrastructure.The results of the study mainly indicate that the PV industry most likely will continue develop andgrow, but the profitability of investing in grid-connected centralized PV farms does not lookpromising today or in the next coming years. This mainly due to low prices for electricity anduncertainties in the future development of the financial support policy. The location is also veryimportant for this type of installation. There are places in southern Sweden with enough insolation,but these areas can be seen as limited. To make solar energy a larger share of the electricityproduction in Sweden in a profitable way today, more investments should be made in gridconnecteddistributed PV systems rather than grid-connected centralized PV farms. PV farms forlarge scale production might though be more profitable in the future when the prices for modulesand inverters will decrease further and when the spot price increases.

As in many other fields, biology is faced with enormous amounts ofdata that contains valuable information that is yet to be extracted. The field of proteomics, the study of proteins, has the luxury of having large repositories containing data from tandem mass-spectrometry experiments, readily accessible for everyone who is interested. At the same time, there is still a lot to discover about proteins as the main actors in cell processes and cell signaling. In this thesis, we explore several methods to extract more information from the available data using methods from statistics and machine learning. In particular, we introduce MaRaCluster, a new method for clustering mass spectra on large-scale datasets. This method uses statistical methods to assess similarity between mass spectra, followed by the conservative complete-linkage clustering algorithm.The combination of these two resulted in up to 40% more peptide identifications on its consensus spectra compared to the state of the art method. Second, we attempt to clarify and promote protein-level false discovery rates (FDRs). Frequently, studies fail to report protein-level FDRs even though the proteins are actually the entities of interest. We provided a framework in which to discuss protein-level FDRs in a systematic manner to open up the discussion and take away potential hesitance. We also benchmarked some scalable protein inference methods and included the best one in the Percolator package. Furthermore, we added functionality to the Percolator package to accommodate the analysis of studies in which many runs are aggregated. This reduced the run time for a recent study regarding a draft human proteome from almost a full day to just 10 minutes on a commodity computer, resulting in a list of proteins together with their corresponding protein-level FDRs. / <p>QC 20160412</p>

There are many difficulties in agile transformations, and a majority of the transformation efforts fail. However, companies continue to pursue the agile path, pushed by forces, both in their environments and internally. The purpose of this study is to explore what facilitators and inhibitors are present in an agile transformation. This is to try and understand agile transformations better, and a lens of change management and culture will be utilized to focus on some essential aspects. To succeed in this, two research questions are to be answered: How does culture facilitate or inhibit change in agile transformations in a software organization in the automotive industry? And, how does change management facilitate or inhibit change in agile transformations in a software organization in the automotive industry? This thesis is a case study on a software organization in the automotive industry, and provides a retrospect on the transformation. The firm originates from the automotive industry, resulting in the industry-related culture to continue affecting the firm today, both internally and externally. To understand the organizational context, the history of the organization, and the culture, the case study try to go in depth by exploring solely a single case. The thesis results are that multiple facilitators and inhibitors are identified for each of the aspects. However, most facilitators and inhibitors relates to both change management and culture, touching upon the interplay between these aspects. Further, the transformation effort is identified to be dependent on both the organizational culture and the organizational context, implicating that transformations efforts are rather unique.

In recent years, the energy shortage has become a barrier to social development as there is a shortage of resources, especially non-renewable resources. In order to improve the current situation of human settlement for future generations, a series of environmental protection activities and rational utilizations of natural resources have been carried out at a global level on the theme of "Sustainable Development". Along with the quantitative growth of Chinese public buildings, especially the Large-Scale Public Buildings, the levels of energy consumption are rising and this phenomenon has been seen as a key point of energy management from a national view. This paper discusses the realities of energy consumption and the energy-saving policies of public buildings in the world’s major developed countries, and sums up the current condition of Chinese energy consumption in relation to public buildings. With regard to these factors, this paper tries to find approaches for solving the existing problems in each construction section. Less developed construction technology in China leads to a waste of materials and labor force. There is a lack of professional personnel to handle the operational management and a lack of consideration for energy efficiency in the designing process. There is not a suitable framework for compiling statistics and data on energy consumption. There are still many management problems such as inadequate policy standards in operability or implementation, unclear positioning in governmental management, ineffective incentive or punitive mechanisms, and a defective state system which results directly in an undeveloped service system for energy efficiency. Based on all of the problems listed above, this paper suggests solutions in four areas, namely Policy, Energy Statistics, Management and Education, in order to give academic support for the overhaul of Large-Scale Public Buildings towards greater energy efficiency in China.

In recent years, the energy shortage has become a barrier to social development as there is a shortage of resources, especially non-renewable resources. In order to improve the current situation of human settlement for future generations, a series of environmental protection activities and rational utilizations of natural resources have been carried out at a global level on the theme of "Sustainable Development". Along with the quantitative growth of Chinese public buildings, especially the Large-Scale Public Buildings, the levels of energy consumption are rising and this phenomenon has been seen as a key point of energy management from a national view. This paper discusses the realities of energy consumption and the energy-saving policies of public buildings in the world’s major developed countries, and sums up the current condition of Chinese energy consumption in relation to public buildings. With regard to these factors, this paper tries to find approaches for solving the existing problems in each construction section. Less developed construction technology in China leads to a waste of materials and labor force. There is a lack of professional personnel to handle the operational management and a lack of consideration for energy efficiency in the designing process. There is not a suitable framework for compiling statistics and data on energy consumption. There are still many management problems such as inadequate policy standards in operability or implementation, unclear positioning in governmental management, ineffective incentive or punitive mechanisms, and a defective state system which results directly in an undeveloped service system for energy efficiency. Based on all of the problems listed above, this paper suggests solutions in four areas, namely Policy, Energy Statistics, Management and Education, in order to give academic support for the overhaul of Large-Scale Public Buildings towards greater energy efficiency in China. / www.ima.kth.se

Purpose of the thesis This study aims to propose an AI maturity model in order to be able to evaluate to whatextent large-scale manufacturing companies utilize AI in their inbound logistical operationsand also to reveal the challenges related to the implementation of AI.  Methodology This study employs a qualitative research method with the use of a survey conducted on 10companies within 5 industries. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were employed attwo out of these 10 companies. Theoretical framework The theoretical framework provides a deeper theoretical understanding of inbound logisticsoperations, AI implementations and their suggested operationalization in inbound logisticsoperations at large-scale manufacturers. Further, it also provides theory of the challengesassociated with implementing AI in inbound logistics operations. Empirical data The empirical section illustrates the data that were collected through survey and interviewstudy. First, data is presented based on the respondents' various industries that are grouped.Within each grouped industry, data is structured according to the various RQ’s and proposedframeworks, meaning that data will be related to the different levels of AI implementation,maturity levels as well as challenges. Analysis and discussion In this section, the industries are analysed and discussed with the help of the theoreticalframework and collected empirical data. This was first established with an individual analysisof industries where one research question is covered at a time. After this is done, across-analysis is carried out on the involved industries in relation to the research questions. Conclusion This chapter gives a concluding discussion and presents theoretical and practicalcontributions. The main results of the three research questions are highlighted. Finally, further research opportunities and limitations are discussed.

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