Detta examensarbete är en studie som syftar till att undersöka och belysa vikten av logistikens betydelse inom byggsektorn och dess nödvändiga tillämpning för byggbranschen. Ett annat syfte är att undersöka logistikkvoten i byggnadskostnad inom byggföretaget wäst-Bygg och jämföra de med att par andra byggföretag inom byggbranschen.Det finns studier som visar att det finns stora kostnader i byggsektorn som är dold i form av slöseri. I byggbranschen kan detta slöseri vara så högt som 30 % av produktionskostnaden, vilket skulle innebära att så mycket som 50 % av byggkostnaden kan vara rent slöseri. Studien (Josephson, Saukkorripi, 2005) visar att dessa kostnader kan sänkas betydligt mycket genom att fokusera på att minimera andelen slöseriet.Ett viktigt område där det finns en stor besparingspotential och förbättringsmöjligheter för den väl behövande byggsektorn är logistik och materialhantering.Byggföretag kan ha stor nytta av att veta sin logistikkvot i byggkostnad för att lättare kunna bedöma graden av slöseri och de kan även förbättra sin lönsamhet och effektivisera byggproduktionen genom logistiska rutiner.Om man hårdrar begreppet slöseri i byggprocessen, så är det ju egentligen lika med allt som inte tillför ett värde till slutprodukten ur användarens perspektiv. Men det gäller att se begreppet ur en positiv synvinkel och försöka hitta de förbättringar som kan ge störst effektivitetsvinst (Josephson, Saukkorripi, 2005).

Despite the successful application of lean thinking across a wide range of industries, and a number of UK Government funded programmes such as the Construction Lean Improvement Programme and Constructing Excellence, the construction sector lags behind other sectors as highlighted in the Egan Report (1998) and more recently in Sir John Egan’s speech to the House of Commons in 2008 which gave the construction industry “four out of ten – for trying.”This led to the research question: What are the critical success factors for lean construction interventions? The emergence of lean production as a concept and the contributions of its key historic influencers are explored. Differences between construction and manufacturing are compared and discussed, and it is concluded that there is no practical reason why lean production cannot be successfully applied to construction operations. However, the issue of buildings being “rooted-in-place” is a potential barrier to true global competition. Progress was made towards a satisfactory definition of lean construction, a term hitherto ill-defined. Nineteen potential critical success factors (CSF) were identified in a literature review. A pilot study conducted with senior construction staff experienced in lean construction identified a further seven potential critical success factors and discounted three derived from the literature. Face-to-face interviews with thirty-one construction staff that had attempted lean construction interventions were conducted to examine the significance of each factor. Of the interventions, twenty-six were successful and six were failures. Statistical analysis compared the failure and success groups and of a total of twenty-three factors examined, thirteen were critical, two important, seven not critical and one unknown. Some of the most cited lean critical success factors, for example “There must be a crisis”, were shown to be not significantly important for the construction sector. Interdependencies between the statistically significant factors were explored and it was concluded that a wide concern with “getting buy-in” exists. Three factors appeared to possess a greater ability to influence all the others: the capability of management; client influence; and the right facilitator.

Teniendo en cuenta el crecimiento en el sector construcción el cual es consecuente con el crecimiento económico de la ciudad de Arequipa; además de la situación de informalidad del sector y el entorno de mercados competitivos y globalizados; realizamos el presente trabajo que consiste en la implementación de una gestión basada en procesos con la aplicación de la metodología del “Ultimo Planificador y “Valor Ganado” para la planificación y control de obra; las cuales en combinación deberían ser usadas siempre para la mejora continua durante todas las etapas del proyecto, y así lograr el éxito deseado. El trabajo se ha desarrollado en el proyecto: “Residencial Emmel”; se trata de un conjunto residencial ejecutado por la empresa: LD INVERSIONES SAC; que es una MYPE; que viene desarrollando sus proyectos en la ciudad de Arequipa. La primera parte consistirá en la descripción de las metodologías a usar; para luego realizar la gestión por procesos de la obra; documentando cada uno de los procesos de construcción relevantes. Paralelamente a esto se procederá a aplicar las herramientas de gestión de plazo con la metodología del último planificador al proyecto en estudio; de igual forma se hará con las herramientas de control de costo con el método de valor ganado. Finalmente se expondrá los resultados obtenidos en la obra; esto mostrando los indicadores obtenidos de la aplicación de las metodologías mencionadas: realizando un análisis de la gestión de costo y plazo realizada en el proyecto. / Taken into account the growth in the construction sector which is consistent with the economic growth of the city of Arequipa; in addition to the informality situation of the sector and the environment of competitive and globalized markets; We carry out the present work that consists of the implementation of a process-based management with the application of the methodology of the "Ultimate Planner and" Earned Value "for the planning and control of the work; which in combination should always be used for continuous improvement during all stages of the project, and thus achieve the desired success. This work has been developed in the project: "Residencial Emmel"; it is a residential complex executed by the company: LD INVERSIONES SAC; which is a MYPE; that has been developing their projects in the city of Arequipa. The first part will consist in the description of the methodologies to be used; to then perform the process management of the work; documenting each of the relevant construction processes. Parallel to this, the term management tools will be applied with the methodology of the last planner to the project under study; In the same way it will be done with the cost control tools with the earned value method. Finally, the results obtained in the work will be exposed; showing the indicators obtained from the application of the mentioned methodologies: performing an analysis of the cost and time management carried out in the project. / Trabajo de investigación

Dissertação de mestrado integrado. Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Civil - Especialização em Construções. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2012

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Submitted by Malu Borges (malu.limaa@hotmail.com) on 2018-05-04T17:12:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO VERSÃO FINAL 02 05.pDf: 3073358 bytes, checksum: 42f2e0d4fe6b81a67c817a4bd81f0749 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Reis (vanessa.jamile@ufba.br) on 2018-05-07T10:43:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO VERSÃO FINAL 02 05.pDf: 3073358 bytes, checksum: 42f2e0d4fe6b81a67c817a4bd81f0749 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-07T10:43:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO VERSÃO FINAL 02 05.pDf: 3073358 bytes, checksum: 42f2e0d4fe6b81a67c817a4bd81f0749 (MD5) / CAPES / Dentre os diversos fatores críticos de sucesso que as empresas devem considerar, destaca-se a busca por padrões de produtividade e qualidade cada vez mais elevados. O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a aplicação da filosofia Lean Construction em empresas construtoras do Brasil. Para que esse objetivo fosse alcançado, a pesquisa se dividiu em três etapas. A primeira compreendeu a caracterização dos impactos da Lean Construction em empresas de construção civil. A segunda etapa relacionou a utilização de medição de desempenho e da aplicação da Lean Construction em empresas do setor e, por fim, foi realizado um comparativo da cidade de Salvador - BA em relação a outras cidades do Nordeste e do restante do país na implantação da filosofia Lean Construction, visando avaliar o quanto as empresas da região tem se adaptado à implantação desta metodologia em seus canteiros de obra. O trabalho é baseado em um estudo de caso realizado através da aplicação de questionários para diagnosticar a utilização da filosofia Lean e como tem sido feita sua aplicação nas construtoras. A partir dos resultados obtidos, verifica-se que as empresas de construção civil conhecem a filosofia e até aplicam alguns de seus princípios sem, porém, fazê-lo de forma estruturada. Para finalizar foram apresentadas orientações para implantação da filosofia Lean nas empresas. / Among the several critical success factors that companies must consider, the most important are the search for higher productivity and quality standards. The objective of this work is to investigate the application of the Lean Construction philosophy in construction companies in Brazil. For this objective to be achieved, the research was divided into three parts. The first was to characterize the impacts of Lean Construction on construction companies. The second related the use of performance measurement and the application of Lean Construction in companies of the sector and, finally, a comparison was made of the city of Salvador - BA in relation to other cities of the Northeast and the rest of the country in the implementation of the philosophy Lean Construction, to assess how much companies in the region have adapted to the implementation of this methodology in their construction sites. The work is based on a case study conducted through the application of questionnaires to diagnose the use of the Lean philosophy and how its application has been made in the constructors. From the obtained results, it is noticed that the construction companies know the philosophy and even apply some of its principles without, however, doing so in a structured way. Finally, guidelines for implementation of the Lean philosophy in companies were presented.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-15T00:30:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ArturMoura_DISSERT.pdf: 9075980 bytes, checksum: e2a8d1090b82fe63fcd2e3b9128aec3a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-20T19:00:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ArturMoura_DISSERT.pdf: 9075980 bytes, checksum: e2a8d1090b82fe63fcd2e3b9128aec3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-20T19:00:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArturMoura_DISSERT.pdf: 9075980 bytes, checksum: e2a8d1090b82fe63fcd2e3b9128aec3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-18 / Atualmente, vive-se em uma ?poca de escassez de cr?dito provocada pela crise financeira mundial, e a exemplo do ocorrido no passado, cabem aos mais diversos setores e segmentos da sociedade buscar meios para se reinventar. Nesse contexto, a Lean Construction se apresenta como uma forte alternativa de gest?o da produ??o para empresas do segmento de constru??o civil. Advinda da mentalidade enxuta que teve sua origem no Jap?o no per?odo p?s-guerra e se difundiu pelo mundo em ?pocas de extrema escassez com a crise do petr?leo. Na pr?tica a Lean Construction ? uma filosofia que busca aperfei?oar o processo de gest?o da produ??o, maximizando o fluxo do valor a partir da ?tica do cliente atrav?s da elimina??o das perdas. E prospera em ambientes e culturas que consideram a escassez de recursos como algo natural, aplicando-se tanto a ?pocas de crise macroecon?micas como de prosperidade. O Planejamento e Controle da Produ??o - PCP apresenta-se como alicerce fundamental para que as empresas se protejam diante das flutua??es econ?micas, visando sua sobreviv?ncia e sucesso no disputado mercado. Motivado pela car?ncia de discurs?o do tema na academia local, e, pela identifica??o dos 93,33% de construtoras que n?o fazem o uso de metodol?gico de ferramentas para o PCP no estado, a presente disserta??o objetiva estudar e propor a implementa??o da constru??o enxuta na metodologia de planejar empreendimentos aplicados em canteiros de obras. Nesta caracterizou-se o sistema de gest?o da produ??o de uma empresa construtora, apontando as principais causas da inefic?cia relacionadas a consequente baixa no desempenho de um de seus empreendimentos. Na sequ?ncia implementou-se o PCP com o uso de ferramentas para atendimento aos princ?pios da constru??o enxuta. Sendo este monitorado atrav?s de indicadores que proporcionaram aos gestores a vis?o gerencial do processo de controle das a??es e mecanismos de prote??o da produ??o. Todas as diretrizes de implementa??o e aplica??o deste modelo de gest?o, foram expostas de maneira simplificada, pr?tica e eficiente, visando quebrar a resist?ncia de novas pr?ticas e antigos paradigmas do setor. / Nowadays lives up in an era of tight credit caused by the global financial crisis, as occurred in the past, it is the responsibility of various sectors and segments of society find ways to reinvent itself. In this context, Lean Construction presents itself as a strong alternative production management for companies in the construction segment. Arising out of lean thinking that originated in Japan in the postwar period and has spread around the world in times of extreme scarcity with the oil crisis. In practice the Lean Construction is a philosophy that seeks to improve the process of production management, maximizing the value of the flow from the customer's perspective through the elimination of losses. And thrives in environments and cultures that consider the scarcity of resources like something natural, applying both the macroeconomic crisis as in times of prosperity. The Planning and Production Control - PCP presents itself as a fundamental building block for companies to protect themselves in the face of economic fluctuations, seeking for their survival and success in the competitive market. Motivated by the lack of discussion of the topic in the local academy, and for the identification of 93.33% of construction companies that do not make use of methodological tools for PCP in the state, this dissertation aims to study and propose the implementation of lean construction in methodology of planning projects implemented on construction sites. This characterized the management system, of the production of a construction company, pointing out the main causes of ineffectiveness related to consequent low performance of one of his ventures. In sequence, the PCP was implemented with the use of tools to serve the principles of lean construction. This being monitored through indicators that provided managers managerial view of process of actions control and production of protective mechanisms. All implementation guidelines and application of this management model, were exposed in a simplified way, practical and efficient, in order to break the resistance of new practices and old paradigms in the industry.

Los proyectos de construcción suelen tener relaciones adversarias entre colaboradores, bajos ratios de productividad, alto grado de ineficiencia y re trabajo, frecuentes disputas y poca innovación. Como resultado, se tienen proyectos que son muy costosos y que no cumplen con los plazos especificados. Este panorama puede ser visto desde enfoques diversos de solución, empezando por la mejora de la productividad, la tecnología, entre otros. Sin embargo, es necesario revisar las bases mismas de la relación entre las empresas que forman parte de un proyecto y, a partir de ello, presentar un nuevo modo de trabajo colaborativo: el IPD, un marco de trabajo integrador de resultados fascinantes.

Orientador: Flávio Augusto Picch / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T21:33:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariz_RenatoNunes_M.pdf: 3886715 bytes, checksum: 80396e82fffbae61a5750b4452e5f948 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O trabalho padronizado (TP) tem sido amplamente utilizado na manufatura. Por meio de sua aplicação, resultados significativos de produtividade e estabilização de processos têm sido alcançados. Na construção, sua aplicação é ainda embrionária, sendo observadas ações parciais, não existindo ainda conhecimento suficiente sobre as melhores práticas que tragam resultados tão significativos quanto os observados na manufatura. O objetivo desta pesquisa é propor um método para aplicação do trabalho padronizado em serviços de construção. A estratégia de pesquisa utilizada foi a Design Science Research (DSR). Para tanto foram realizados três estudos de caso, com o intuito de desenvolver e validar esse método, que partiu de uma base utilizada para a manufatura, adaptando-o a especificidades da construção, tendo na forma final dez etapas e uma tabela que relaciona as etapas aos documentos do trabalho padronizado utilizados, dando assim uma orientação prática que facilita a aplicação do trabalho padronizado a serviços de construção. Os resultados indicam que ao aplicar o método a produtividade dos funcionários dobrou, a satisfação melhorou e houve redução de desperdício no ambiente de trabalho. Como sugestão para trabalhos futuros, indica-se o teste prático deste método em outros serviços de construção, inclusive que utilizem maquinário, e a avaliação de outros aspectos, como: qualidade do serviço, segurança e ergonomia / Abstract: Standardized work has been widely used in manufacturing. Through its application, results have been achieved, such as significant productivity and process stabilization. In construction, its application is still incipient, with partial applications, and there is not yet sufficient knowledge on the best ways to apply and to produce results as important as in manufacturing. The objective of this research is to propose a method for standardized work application in construction services. The research strategy used was Design Science Research (DSR). Therefore, we performed three case studies, in order to develop and validate this method. The method started from a base used for manufacturing, adapting it to the specifics of construction, taking into final form ten steps and a table that lists the steps and relates these steps to standardized work documents, thus giving practical guidance that facilitates application standardized work construction services. The results indicate that by applying this method doubled the productivity of employees, employee satisfaction was improved and waste was reduced in the workplace. Suggestion for future studies indicates the practical test of this method in other building services, including the ones that use machinery and evaluation of other aspects, such as quality, safety and ergonomics / Mestrado / Arquitetura e Construção / Mestre em Engenharia Civil