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This study claims that an LGBTQ+ themed memoir, All Boys Aren’t Blue by George M. Johnson, and possibly similar texts can be used by teachers in the L2 English classroom in an approach of raising gender identity awareness. The memoir is examined for its potential of raising gender identity awareness in the L2 English classroom through a method of close reading the memoir. Along with the close reading, the memoir is evaluated against previous research and steering documents for the English subject in Swedish upper secondary school. The memoir’s teaching potential is demonstrated by a sample lesson for the English subject in Swedish upper secondary school.

This thesis explores the ways in which LGBTQ+ individuals in Philadelphia ascribe significance to various places based on oral history interviews and additional primary source material collected initially for the National Park Service Northeast Regional Office’s LGBTQ+ Heritage Initiative. By examining stories from LGBTQ+ individuals of places that matter most to them in Philadelphia, this thesis argues that historic preservationists can expand their definition of significance to include personal testimony and broaden their practices to better engage the communities whose histories they seek to preserve. / History

Understanding gender, sex, and sexuality is required in order to be a competent, patient-centered physician, and, therefore, inclusion of these topics in undergraduate medical education is essential. Current medical education is not producing physicians equipped to manage the complaints and issues that face their patients in these areas. LGBTQ populations are most affected by the inadequacy of training related to these topics. LGBTQ patients face unique issues in healthcare in terms of their normal development, pathology, social determinants of health, and healthcare system practices. Additionally, LGBTQ people and those who engage in behaviors that parallel these identities are prevalent in the general population. The addition of a gender, sex, and sexuality curriculum would simultaneously address LGBTQ disparities as well as the need for improved sexual health education that would benefit all patients. Currently, undergraduate medical curricula have limited, non-standardized education on gender, sex, and sexuality. A few American institutions have published both qualitative and quantitative studies that indicate medical students’ attitudes are malleable and their clinical skills can be improved in these areas. Further, numerous national medical societies have created curriculum guidelines and recommendations in order to aid medical schools looking to bolster their gender, sex, and sexuality related curricula. This paper will synthesize research and these guidelines to propose a robust gender, sex, and sexuality curriculum that is tailored to the environment found at the Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University. / Urban Bioethics

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, intersex, and queer (LGBTQIQ) adults are more likely to report experiences of complex trauma, and have detrimental mental health effects as a result, when compared to cisgender, heterosexual adults. However, LGBTQIQ adults have excellent capacity for resilience. In this phenomenological investigation, I explored the lived experiences of resilient LGBTQIQ emerging adults (N = 11) who have histories of complex trauma. Five themes emerged as a result of this study, including (a) abuse and neglect, (b) emotional experiences during and after trauma, (c) connections are essential, (d) getting through hard times, and (e) struggles in the counseling process. The results indicated implications for counselors and counselor educators to better address the experiences of complex trauma and identify resilience in LGBTQIQ emerging adults. Recommendations are provided to counselors and counselor educators for integrating knowledge and actions into their counseling, teaching, and supervision practices, as well as for parents and caregivers, teachers and school personnel, and policymakers.

Recent literature suggests that LGBTQ+ women of color are more likely to raise children or have children in the home compared to White LGBTQ+ women (Gates, 2013, 2015). Most of the LGBTQ+ motherhood research has focused narrowly on one domain of queer motherhood, lesbian mothers' experience of mothering (Bible et al., 2018) and centered on the experiences of White, middle-class, cisgender mothers (Brainer et al., 2020; Manley and Ross, 2020; Reczek, 2020). The interlocking nature of multiple marginalized identities places Black queer mothers at a unique intersection of oppression (Crenshaw, 1991). Exploring the complexity of lived experience among Black mothers who identify with a plurisexual identity (i.e., bi, queer, pan, or fluid; Galupo, 2018) provides family scientists and scholar-practitioners an opportunity to analyze the internal, relational, and institutional influences that reinforce or challenge racism, sexism, and homophobia. The present study sought to understand how Black queer mothers experience motherwork as queer mothers, how they build and navigate networks of support, and how they use community resources. The study was guided by intersectionality rooted within the theoretical framework of Black Feminist Thought, as well as an emphasis on motherwork as both a theoretical framework and a concept explored. Using reflexive thematic analysis, semi- structured interviews (Mtime = 79.63 minutes), photovoice submissions, and photovoice interviews (Mtime = 38.32 minutes) were conducted with 10 participants (8 of the 10 participants completed photovoice). Four key themes were identified (a) Attentiveness and Resistance to Discrimination (subtheme: Active Reflectivity in Parenting Strategies); (b) Promoting Openness of Self-Expression in Child(ren) (subtheme: Queer Identity Helps Foster Acceptance and Intentionality); (c) Negotiating Informal Support (three subthemes: Barriers to Support, Desiring Like-Minded Social Groups, and Boundaries in Close Relationships Are Critical); and (d) Emphasis on Finding the "Right" Environment to Meet Family Needs (subtheme: Utilizing Individual or Couples Therapy). Findings have implications for the family science literature by providing an in-depth, Black feminist understanding of how Black queer mothers engage in queer motherwork, navigate informal support, and strategically access community resources. / Doctor of Philosophy / Recent literature suggests that LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer) women of color are more likely to raise children or have children in the home compared to White LGBTQ+ women (Gates, 2013, 2015). Most of the LGBTQ+ motherhood research has focused narrowly on one domain of queer motherhood, lesbian mothers' experience of mothering (Bible et al., 2018) and centered on the experiences of White, middle-class, cisgender mothers (Brainer et al., 2020; Manley and Ross, 2020; Reczek, 2020). Exploring the complexity of lived experience among Black mothers who identify with a plurisexual identity (i.e., bi, queer, pan, or fluid; Galupo, 2018) provides researchers and clinicians an opportunity to consider the internal, relational, and institutional influences that reinforce or challenge marginalization. The present study sought to understand how Black queer mothers experience motherwork (e.g., identity, survival, and power) as queer mothers, how they build and navigate networks of support, and how they use community resources. The study was guided by intersectionality rooted within the theoretical framework of Black Feminist Thought, as well as an emphasis on motherwork as both a theoretical framework and a concept explored. I analyzed data from two individual interviews (including a photo-elicited interview) with 10 participants (8 of the 10 participants completed the second interview) (Braun and Clarke, 2022; Wang and Burris, 1997). Four key themes were identified (a) Attentiveness and Resistance to Discrimination (subtheme: Active Reflectivity in Parenting Strategies); (b) Promoting Openness of Self-Expression in Child(ren) (subtheme: Queer Identity Helps Foster Acceptance and Intentionality); (c) Negotiating Informal Support (three subthemes: Barriers to Support, Desiring Like-Minded Social Groups, and Boundaries in Close Relationships Are Critical); and (d) Emphasis on Finding the "Right" Environment to Meet Family Needs (subtheme: Utilizing Individual or Couples Therapy). Findings have research and clinical implications for how Black queer mothers engage in queer motherwork, navigate informal support, and strategically access community resources.

Research has established a link between LGBTQ+ identity and high victimization rates. However, transgender experiences specifically are not well understood because they are often subsumed under the monolithic label of LGBTQ+ experiences, despite the specific risks associated with non-normative gender identities. It has also been established that the police function is grounded in the maintenance of the dominant social order. Given that LGBTQ+ individuals, and transgender individuals in particular, are disruptive of the social order, many of their interactions with police have been negative. In this study, I examine how varying degrees of "visible" gender nonconformity affect a transgender individual's comfort level with asking for police help. I hypothesize that transgender people who visibly transgress gender norms by physically presenting as a gender that does not match their government-issued identification will be less comfortable asking the police for help than transgender individuals who do not have such incongruence. Through a logistic regression analysis of the 2015 United States Transgender Survey, I find that those groups who visibly transgress gender norms have a higher likelihood of experiencing discomfort with asking for police help. These findings have important implications for our understanding of transgender victimization by elucidating the barriers to police officers' ability to prevent or lessen the effects of victimization within the transgender community. / Master of Science / Research has established a link between LGBTQ+ identity and high victimization rates. However, transgender experiences specifically are not well understood because they are often grouped in under the monolithic label of LGBTQ+ experiences, despite the specific risks associated with non-normative gender identities. It has also been established that the police function is grounded in the maintenance of the status quo. Given that LGBTQ+ individuals, and transgender individuals in particular, disrupt the status quo, many of their interactions with police have been negative. In this study, I examine how varying degrees of "visible" gender nonconformity affect a transgender individual's comfort level with asking for police help. I hypothesize that transgender people who visibly transgress gender norms by physically presenting as a gender that does not match their driver's license or state identification card will be less comfortable asking the police for help than transgender individuals who do not have such incongruence. Through a logistic regression analysis of the 2015 United States Transgender Survey, I find that those groups who visibly transgress gender norms have a higher likelihood of experiencing discomfort with asking for police help. These findings have important implications for our understanding of transgender victimization by elucidating the barriers to police officers' ability to prevent or lessen the effects of victimization within the transgender community.

Yes / Nigeria is one of many countries in Africa that criminalize same-sex relations, and this has been reinforced by law enforcement agencies and the courts. As part of efforts to protect LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) persons from various forms of discrimination and violence, the growing LGBTQ movement sometimes approaches the court for rights enforcement. There is a dearth of cases specifically focused on lesbian rights except for a 2018 case, Pamela Adie v. Corporate Affairs Commission. This limits empirical evidence for assessing the role of the courts but also strengthens the case for an enquiry into how the courts can protect lesbians in Nigeria against discrimination on the grounds of their sexual identity. This chapter analyzes how intersecting categories of gender, sexual orientation, class, and location affect lesbians’ experiences of discrimination. It also explores impediments in laws and the formal justice system that result in discrimination, thereby affecting access to justice. The analysis reveals opportunities for the courts to adopt a proactive approach to interpreting fundamental rights guarantees in the constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999. Pragmatic recommendations are made for a multi-stakeholder approach and cross-jurisdictional learning.

Bakgrund: HBTQ+-personer utsätts för diskriminering, våld och utstötning. Även om det strävas efter lika vård för alla och trots framsteg i lagstiftning och medvetenhet, möter HBTQ+-personer fortfarande barriärer som kan leda till fördröjning, undvikande och/eller vägran att söka vård. Syfte: Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att sammanställa barriärer för vårdsökande bland HBTQ+-personer. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie genomfördes, där totalt tio vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades enligt fördefinierade urvalskriterier och bedömningar. Resultat: Tre huvudkategorier kunde identifieras som barriärer för vårdsökande bland HBTQ+-personer: diskriminering, sociodemografiska faktorer och övriga faktorer. I avsnittet om diskriminering framhölls det i överväldigande majoritet att sexualitet/könsidentitet och/eller stigma var orsaker till att HBTQ+-personer fördröjde, undvek, och/eller vägrade att söka vård. Ras/etnicitet påvisades som den mest framträdande sociodemografiska faktor. Dessutom förstärktes hälsovårdsbarriärerna för HBTQ+-personer av övriga faktorer såsom samhällsfaktorer samt förekomsten av våld och/eller sexuella trakasserier. Konklusion: Denna systematiska litteraturstudie kan ses som ett bidrag till förståelse av barriärer för vårdsökande bland HBTQ+-personer. Diskriminering baserat på sexualitet/könsidentitet och/eller stigma är en huvudorsak till dessa barriärer. Ras/etnicitet är en framträdande sociodemografiska faktor och övriga faktorer såsom samhällsfaktorer samt våld och/eller sexuella trakasserier, utgör ytterligare barriärer för HBTQ+-personer när de söker vård. Behovet av riktade utbildningsprogram för vårdpersonal och politiska insatser framhålls. Det är viktigt med fortsatt forskning och genomförande av åtgärder för att uppnå en mer rättvis vård där alla har likvärdig tillgång. / Background: LGBTQ+ individuals are subjected to discrimination, violence, and exclusion. Even though there is a strive for equal healthcare for all and despite advancements in legislation and awareness, LGBTQ+ individuals still encounter barriers that can lead to delays, avoidance, and/or refusal to seek healthcare.  Aim: The aim of this systematic literature review was to compile the barriers faced by LGBTQ+ individuals seeking healthcare.  Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted, where a total of ten scientific articles were included based on predefined selection criteria and evaluations. Results: Three main categories could be identified as barriers to healthcare seeking among LGBTQ+ individuals: discrimination, sociodemographic factors, and other factors. In the section on discrimination, it was overwhelmingly highlighted that sexuality/gender identity and/or stigma were reasons why LGBTQ+ individuals delayed, avoided, and/or refused to seek healthcare. Race/ethnicity was demonstrated as the most prominent sociodemographic factor. Additionally, healthcare barriers for LGBTQ+ individuals were reinforced by other factors such as societal factors and the occurrence of violence and/or sexual harassment. Conclusion: This systematic literature review can be seen as a contribution to understanding barriers to healthcare-seeking among LGBTQ+ individuals. Discrimination based on sexuality/gender identity and/or stigma is a major cause of these barriers. Race/ethnicity is a prominent sociodemographic factor, and other factors such as societal factors and violence and/or sexual harassment constitute additional barriers for LGBTQ+ individuals when seeking healthcare. The need for targeted educational programs for healthcare professionals and policy interventions is emphasized. Continued research and implementation of measures are important to achieve more equitable healthcare where everyone has equal access.