Esta tese tem como perspectiva a hipótese segundo a qual os conceitos de Eu-Pele e de Envelopes Psíquicos, desenvolvidos pelo psicanalista Didier Anzieu, permitem um viés importante na compreensão da questão da constituição dos limites e fronteiras psíquicos, nas patologias da anorexia e da bulimia na clínica psicanalítica. Tomando como eixo principal na abordagem desses quadros patológicos o tema dos limites - eu/outro, dentro/fora, corpo/psique, são discutidas as concepções dos autores Brusset, Jeammet e McDougall, referentes às condições necessárias para o estabelecimento dos limites nessas patologias alimentares. É realizado um percurso pela obra de Didier Anzieu de tal forma a permitir, a partir dos conceitos de eu-pele e envelopes psíquicos, a compreensão da teorização do autor acerca dos limites e fronteiras, que serão, posteriormente, articulados a sua presença na anorexia e na bulimia. Por fim, é possível afirmar que falhas nas funções e constituição do eu-pele e dos envelopes psíquicos, acarretam um sério comprometimento na constituição dos limites do psiquismo nas patologias alimentares da anorexia e da bulimia / This thesis is based on the perspective that the concepts of skin-ego and psychic envelope, developed by the psychoanalyst Didier Anzieu, bring an important contribution for the comprehension of the problematic of the constitution of psychic limits and boundaries in the disorders of anorexia and bulimia in the psychoanalytic clinic. Taking this as the main theoretical framework for the understanding of these pathological frames, the question of the limits - I/other, inside/outside, body/psyche - is discussed based on contributions from Brusset, Jeammet and McDougall, concerning the necessary conditions for the establishment of the limits within these pathologies. It is undertaken, therefore, a reading of the work of Didier Anzieu, in a way to allow, from the concepts of skin-ego and psychic envelope, the comprehension of the proposition of the author on the limits and boundaries for the articulation with anorexia and bulimia. Finally, we argue that the lack in the function and constitution of the skin-ego and psychic envelope, brings serious consequences to the constitution of the psychic limits in the eating disorders of anorexia and bulimia

Esta tese teve por objetivos analisar a possibilidade de a disciplina Filosofia da Educação contribuir para que os educandos construam sua autonomia e propor diretrizes para seu projeto. Teoricamente, a investigação apoia-se no processo de autocriação da sociedade e da fabricação de seus indivíduos, nas dimensões imaginárias e conjuntistaidentitária. Para melhor compreensão da disciplina, buscaram-se a sua instituição na formação dos educadores, com análise do monopólio legislativo do Estado na educação; a institucionalização da formação dos professores e a tentativa de cientismo da educação. Elegeram-se como material empírico da proposta, as disciplinas de Filosofia da Educação do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, que guardavam, em geral, identificação/semelhança com seus congêneres em outras instituições, bem como entrevistas com dirigentes acadêmicos e professores que as ministravam. Em virtude de a organização, estrutura e conteúdo dessas disciplinas não potencializarem a interrogação e nem a possibilidade de construção de sua autonomia pelos educandos, consistindo tão-somente em discurso de autonomia e fabricação da heteronomia, este trabalho fundamentou-se no pensamento de que a única Filosofia da Educação que pode contribuir para a construção do sujeito reflexivo e deliberante, e do espaço democrático, é a que se interroga incessantemente. Propuseram-se, então, para tal disciplina, entre outras, as diretrizes referentes à instalação de uma crise das verdades e das certezas dos educadores, dos educandos e a aspiração de autonomia/cidadania/democracia. / This thesis aims to analyze if the Philosophy of Education course can help students build their autonomy proposing guidelines for their projects. Theoretically, the investigation is based on the societys process of self-creation and fabrication of its individuals, in imaginary and conjunctionist-identitary dimensions. For further comprehension of the course, its institution was sought in the education of the teachers, analyzing the State Law monopoly in education. The empiric material chosen for this proposal were the Philosophy of Education courses for the Major in Education at the Federal University of Viçosa (Minas Gerais, Brazil), keeping, in general, identity/similarity with its similar courses in other institutions, as well as interviews with the academic directors and professors who teach it. Since the organization, structure and syllabus of these courses do not leverage questioning nor enable students to build their autonomy, consisting merely of the discourse of autonomy and fabrication of heteronomy, this research was based on the reckoning that the only Philosophy of Education that can contribute to the construction of the reflexive and deliberant subject and of the democratic space is that which questions itself incessantly. Then, among other ones, the guideless proposed for this course referred to the placing of a crisis of truths and certainties of both the teachers and the students, as well as the desire for autonomy/citizenship/democracy.

A norma que prescreve o cálculo de alvenaria estrutural de blocos vazados de concreto, NBR 10837:1989, encontra-se em fase de revisão, sendo que a principal alteração é a introdução do método dos estados limites no dimensionamento e na verificação dos elementos de alvenaria. Neste trabalho, estudam-se duas normas para alvenaria, a NBR 10837:1989 e EC 6:1996, e o texto proposto para revisão da NBR 10837. A escolha do EC 6:1996 se deu pela sua importância em relação à comunidade européia e porque muitas das prescrições contidas nessa norma foram adaptadas para o texto de revisão da NBR 10837. Quando necessárias, são realizadas comparações entre as duas normas e o texto de revisão, com o intuito de auxiliar no entendimento das implicações que a mudança de abordagem causará. Vários exemplos que simulam situações típicas de projeto, como compressão simples, flexão e cisalhamento, são apresentados. Com a variação dos diversos parâmetros envolvidos no dimensionamento dos elementos de alvenaria, é possível a elaboração de gráficos e ábacos. Desta forma consegue-se englobar uma grande variedade de situações, e a comparação entre as respostas obtidas com cada uma das normas e com o texto de revisão torna-se bem mais simples e precisa. Pretende-se, com este trabalho, contribuir para a introdução do método dos estados limites na norma de cálculo de alvenaria estrutural, bem como avaliar as mais importantes adaptações propostas. / The code that regulates the design of concrete blockwork structural masonry, NBR 10837:1989, is under revision phase. The main change is the introduction of limit state method for the design and verification of masonry elements. In this work, two masonry codes (NBR 10837:1989 and EC 6:1996) and a proposed revised text for the NBR 10837 are studied. The choice for EC 6:1996 is justified by its importance to european community and because many clauses of the revised text are adapted from that code. When necessary, comparisons between the two codes and revised text are carried out, to help the understanding of the changes implications. Some examples, that simulate typical design situation, such as axial compression, bending and shear are presented. A parametric study on the masonry elements design is carried out, allowing for the elaboration of graphs and abacus. Thus, various situations are explored, showing different results corresponding to each one of the codes and the revision text, in order to clarify the comparisons. The general aim of this work is help the introduction of the limit state method in the masonry code, and to evaluate the most important changes in the proposed revised text of the brazilian code.

Orientador: Dessislava Hristova Kochloukova / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática Estatística e Computação Científica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T15:38:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Onorio_AnaClaudiaLopes_M.pdf: 2325797 bytes, checksum: e0938ac85576f21ee8723d0aab2b0475 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Estudamos o tipo homológico FPs de produtos subdiretos de grupos limites seguindo resultados de Bridson, Howie, Miller, Short. Desenvolvemos teoria de grupos limites usando como ferramenta homologia algébrica e teoria geométrica de grupos, em particular a teoria de Bass-Serre sobre grupos que agem sobre árvores. Palavras-chaves: teoria de Bass-Serre, álgebra homológica, grupos de tipo FPn, grupos limites, produto subdireto de grupos limites / Abstract: The homological type FPs of subdirect products of limit groups was studied according to Bridson, Howie, Miller and Short's results. The limit group theory was developed using as a tool the algebraic homology and geometric group theory and in particular Bass-Serre theory on groups acting on trees. Keywords: Bass-Serre theory, homological algebra, groups of type FPn, limit groups, subdirect product of limit groups / Mestrado / Matematica / Mestra em Matemática

Submitted by Cristiane Oliveira (cristiane.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2013-05-13T21:18:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 1198400190.pdf: 55956989 bytes, checksum: 9a13ff7d81db26c3efc5e9308b90a448 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vera Lúcia Mourão (vera.mourao@fgv.br) on 2013-05-13T21:32:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 1198400190.pdf: 55956989 bytes, checksum: 9a13ff7d81db26c3efc5e9308b90a448 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-14T13:18:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1198400190.pdf: 55956989 bytes, checksum: 9a13ff7d81db26c3efc5e9308b90a448 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1983 / This dissertation intends to analyze the evolution publicdebt of te Stateof são Paulo in the period 1892/1980, with emphasis on more recent years (1975/80). An approach basden the theory of Public Finance is used and it attempts to connect the debt of Direct Administration with changes the National Tax System. It also intends to show the contribution of public debt as an alternative source or funds to State of São Paulo and the burden of that policy. The composition ot debt and its legal limitations are also examined. / O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar a evolução do endividamento público do Estado de São Paulo no período 1892/1980, com ênfase nos anos mais recentes (1975/80). Adotou-se um enfoque de Finanças Públicas, procurando-se relacionar a dívida da administração Direta com as alterações ocorridas na estrutura tributária nacional e procurou-se também avaliar a contribuição da dívida pública como fonte alternativa de recursos para aquele Estado e ônus daí decorrentes. As alterações na composição da dívida e os limites existentes ao seu crescimento também foram analisados.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T23:14:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo2676_1.pdf: 7766119 bytes, checksum: 624c95dabe9ea13513b62c067e482891 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A utilização dos concentradores solares com o objetivo de aumentar o fluxo de energia incidente em um coletor, seja na conversão fotovoltaica ou térmica, tem se mostrado uma solução que permite chegar a maiores valores de eficiência em tais conversões. Quanto maior o valor de concentração pretendido para um sistema, maiores serão os requisitos de precisão do sistema rastreador e da qualidade das superfícies refletoras e/ou refratoras. O trabalho realiza a análise de dois sistemas concentradores, uma calha parabólica e um disco parabólico, ambos com absorvedores planos, por meio da simulação dos principais parâmetros que afetam a concentração final dos mesmos, utilizando um software de traçamento de raios e modelos de distribuição de energia no foco. As concentrações finais dos sistemas, considerando desvios óticos, desvio angular do sol e desvio de rastreamento, foram estimadas. A influência dos erros ópticos foi avaliada por meio de simulação, o efeito de tais erros é o espalhamento da energia em uma região maior, fazendo com que a concentração do sistema seja menor, além de causar uma perda de energia, pois uma parcela desta incidirá fora dos limites do absorvedor. A instalação e realização de ensaios com um rastreador de alta precisão também foi realizada, e um dispositivo de medição de desvios angulares de sistemas rastreadores de alta precisão foi desenvolvido

Grâce à une méthodologie qualitative s’appuyant sur la Grounded theory et une analyse clinique utilisant la méthode complémentariste, nous avons montré que les individus en situation de précarité, fonctionnent selon une logique de survie psychique. Celle-ci, présente chez tout nourrisson sous forme de violence fondamentale (Bergeret), va perdurer sous l’impact de situations de détresse sans secours adéquat, vécues au cours de leur minorité. Cette logique de survie correspond à l’utilisation par les sujets, de couples d’opposés qui alternent brusquement. Ils remplissent des buts semblables au travers de deux fonctions essentielles que sont la préservation narcissique et la lutte contre la désubjectivation. Celles-ci tendent, plus généralement, vers une recherche de maitrise afin d’éviter un effondrement psychique déjà éprouvé (Winnicott, 1969). Le clivage de l’objet, la fragilité du Moi-peau (Anzieu 1985), l’acting, la tendance à la répétition, mais également la dimension persécutive sont les éléments principaux du modèle de fonctionnement psychique dégagé à partir des données de recherche. Ce modèle n’est pas étranger à des contextes qui ont en commun la paradoxalité (Roussillon 1991). Ainsi la précarité sociale entre en cohérence avec ce fonctionnement voire le fait réémerger. Les sujets tentent de renégocier cette nouvelle situation afin de l’intégrer, en se positionnant comme acteur. Ce modèle de fonctionnement psychique est proche des organisations limites et narcissiques. Nous ne pouvons cependant les assimiler de manière systématique à des fonctionnements pathologiques du fait qu’ils sont adaptés à un contexte où la survie psychique est primordiale. / This qualitative research explores the psychological functioning of individuals living in precariousness. The methodology used is based on grounded theory and clinical analysis referring to the complementarist method. Results show that individuals in precariousness operate on the basis of psychic survival as coined by Bergeret (1984): experienced by all infants as a primary violence, it perseveres in a context of distress without adequate help in the child’s environment. This logic of survival is underpinned by the individuals’ resort to pairs of opposites alternating abruptly. These opposites respond to the same goal of survival throughout a narcissistic preservation and a struggle against desubjectivation, in an attempt to avoid the psychological collapse once experienced (Winnicott, 1969). The core mechanisms animating the model of our participants’ psychological functioning underlined in our results are the following: splitting of the object, fragility of the “Moi-peau” (Anzieu, 1985), the acting, resorting to repetition as well as persecutory aspects. This model is no stranger to contexts that share the element of paradoxical (Roussillon, 1991). Therefore, social precariousness triggers the emergence of this functioning. The participants seemed to renegotiate this new situation and thus to integrate it, by attempting to reposition themselves as actors of their reality. This model of psychic logic described resonates with borderline and narcissistic organizations. However, it is not suggested to systematically assign to it a pathological dimension because it is adapted to a context where psychological survival is paramount.

Cette thèse propose une analyse épistémologique des théories de la complexité, une évaluation de leur portée générale et de leur utilité dans des domaines particuliers, et la mise au jour de leur contribution décisive à la question centrale du changement climatique. L’objectif est de cerner la nature de la complexité à travers tout l’éventail des disciplines, car les théories de la complexité ne cessent de s’éteindre et la liste des bénéfices qu’on leur attribue de s’allonger. L’étude de cas du changement climatique est riche, y sont impliqués de nombreux systèmes complexes d’importance décisive pour le genre humain, parmi lesquels l’agriculture, l’énergie, l’eau et l’économie. Le présent travail propose d’abord une définition de la complexité généralisée, comprise comme cadre général de la pensée fondé sur six grandes catégories. Il procède ensuite à l’analyse à travers ce cadre, des dimensions scientifiques, politiques et éthiques du changement climatique. Notre point de départ est constitué par un examen attentif du trois corpus importants : le rapport du GEIC « Climate Change 2007, » « le Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, » et l’éthique du changement climatique. Il s’avère que la mise en œuvre des théories de la complexité est nécessaire pour mesurer de manière rigoureuse la portée non seulement des aspects multiples des différents systèmes complexes impliqués, mais aussi de l’ensemble dans toutes sa signification polyvalente. En s’interrogeant sur le rôle et l’utilité des théories de la complexité dans des domaines et à des échelles multiples, nous mettons en lumière une série de principes-clés sur la nature et l’usage de ces théories. / This dissertation presents an epistemological analysis of complexity theories, an evaluation of their contribution, both generally and to specific domains, and a demonstration of their important contribution to climate change. The objective is to provide a description of complexity theories across the whole range of disciplines, as complexity theories continue to expand and the list of their proposed benefits continue to grow. The case study of climate change is rich, as it touches on a number of complex systems of primary significance to humanity, such as agriculture, energy, water, and the economy. The present work proposes first a definition of generalized complexity, comprised of a general framework of the field based upon six major categories. It proceeds to analyze, in light of this framework, the scientific, ethical and political dimensions of climate change. Our point of departure consists in a thorough examination of three important bodies of literature: the IPCC report “Climate Change 2007,” the “Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,” and the ethics of climate change. The dissertation shows that the use of complexity theories is necessary in order to measure in a rigorous manner the contribution, not only of the multiple aspects of different complex systems involved, but also of the framework as an ensemble, with its polyvalent signification. By examining the role and the utility of complexity theories in multiple fields at multiple scales, we reveal a series of key principles regarding the nature and usage of these theories.

W. von Humboldt introduit une pensée romantique du langage, s’éloignant ainsi des interprétations nées chez les philosophes grecs. La langue est considérée digne d’une étude philosophique sérieuse.Plus tard, les courants contemporains du langage élaborent de nouveaux rapports entre langue et réalité. La tradition herméneutique et, principalement, le tournant linguistique donnent une clé de compréhension des philosophes du vingtième siècle. En outre, la lecture constructiviste de Derrida est aussi considérée mais ses atouts sont finalement contestés en estimant l’argumentation de Marion.Dans ce cadre, les philosophies de Heidegger, Lévinas et Wittgenstein sont abordées, d’abord dans une étude du rapport entre langue et être et ensuite dans des problématiques discrètes qui illuminent le sujet.Au fil du texte, la question sur l’indicible et sur les limites du langage est toujours présente et guide le récit.Les analyses faites sur des œuvres principales des trois philosophes ainsi que des critiques faites à ce propos signalent tant le rejet de l’héritage métaphysique traditionnel et de sa conception du langage que des nouvelles façons de considérer le rôle du langage dans la philosophie contemporaine. Pour chaque philosophe, en dépit des différences, la langue devient centrale et sa source se trouve en elle-même.Ces analyses mènent à l’affirmation qu’il n y a pas de place pour un indicible proprement dit dans leurs pensées. Au contraire, le tournant vers le langage a pris le chemin vers une dicibilité totale. / W. von Humboldt introduced a romantic approach to language, far from the interpretations which originated with the Greek philosophers. Language is considered worthy of serious philosophical study.Later, new relationships between language and reality would develop from contemporary thought about language. The hermeneutics tradition and, mainly, the linguistic turn provide a key to understanding the philosophers of the twentieth century. The text also considers a constructivist reading of Derrida but such a reading is ultimately weakened by Marion’s argumentation.In this context, the philosophies of Heidegger, Levinas and Wittgenstein are discussed, first in a study of the relationship between language and being, then in terms of more specific issues which help to throw light on the subject.In the course of the text, the question of the unsayable and of the limits of language is always present and guides the discourse.Analyses of major works of the three philosophers and their critics show a rejection of inherited metaphysical conceptions and the consequent views of language as well as new ways of looking at the role of language in contemporary philosophy. For every philosopher, despite their differences, language becomes central and its source is found in itself.These analyses lead to the assertion that there is no place for a proper unsayable in the thought of the three philosophers. On the contrary, the turn towards language has forged a path to a full sayability.

On considère une marche aléatoire réelle dont les accroissements sont construits à partir d’une chaîne de Markov définie sur un espace abstrait. Sous des hypothèses de centrage de la marche et de décroissance rapide de la dépendance de la chaîne de Markov par rapport à son passé (de type trou spectral), on se propose d’étudier le premier instant pour lequel une telle marche markovienne passe dans les négatifs. Plus précisément, on établit que le comportement asymptotique de la probabilité de survie est inversement proportionnel à la racine carrée du temps. On étend également à nos modèles markoviens le résultat des marches aléatoires aux accroissements indépendants suivant : la loi asymptotique de la marche aléatoire renormalisée et conditionnée à rester positive est la loi de Rayleigh. Dans un deuxième temps, on restreint notre modèle aux cas où la chaîne de Markov définissant les accroissements de la marche aléatoire est à valeurs dans un espace d’états fini. Sous cette hypothèse et lorsque que la marche est dite non-lattice, on complète nos résultats par des théorèmes locaux pour la marche aléatoire conjointement avec le fait qu’elle soit restée positive. Enfin on applique ces développements aux processus de branchement soumis à un environnement aléatoire, lui-même défini à partir d’une chaîne de Markov à valeurs dans un espace d’états fini. On établit le comportement asymptotique de la probabilité de survie du processus dans le cas critique et les trois cas sous-critiques (fort, intermédiaire et faible) / We consider a real random walk whose increments are constructed by a Markov chain definedon an abstract space. We suppose that the random walk is centred and that the dependence of the Markov walk in its past decreases exponentially fast (due to the spectral gap property). We study the first time when the random walk exits the positive half-line and prove that the asymptotic behaviour of the survey probability is inversely proportional to the square root of the time. We extend also to our Markovian model the following result of random walks with independent increments: the asymptotic law of the random walk renormalized and conditioned to stay positive is the Rayleigh law. Subsequently, we restrict our model to the cases when the Markov chain defining the increments of the random walk takes its values on a finite state space. Under this assumption and the condition that the walk is non-lattice, we complete our results giving local theorems for the random walk conditioned to stay positive. Finally, we apply these developments to branching processes under a random environment defined by a Markov chain taking its values on a finite state space. We give the asymptotic behaviour of the survey probability of the process in the critical case and the three subcritical cases (strongly, intermediate and weakly).