Connections between the medieval Cornishman and translator John Trevisa (1342-1402) and Glasney College in Cornwall are explored in this thesis to create a deep map about the figure and the site, articulated in a series of micro-narratives or anecdotae. The research combines book-based strategies and performative encounters with people and places, to build a rich, chorographic survey described in images, sound files, objects and texts. A key research problem – how to express the forensic fingerprint of that which is invisible in the historic record – is described as a poetics of uncertainty, a speculative response to information that teeters on the brink of what can be reliably known. This poetics combines multi-modal writing to communicate events in the life of the research, auto-ethnographically, from the point of view of an artist working in the academy. As such, it makes a pedagogical contribution to reflective writing about creative practice. John Trevisa, in the context of contemporary Cornish culture, is a contested figure because his linguistic innovations, in the course of translating key texts from Latin into the English vernacular, make no obvious contribution to Kernowek (Cornish), which is currently undergoing revival from a position of extinction. However, Glasney College, where Trevisa is likely to have been educated, is generally regarded as the centre for the production of the Ordinalia, a cycle of medieval mystery plays written uniquely in Kernowek. This thesis considers the vocabulary that Trevisa innovated, such as concept, fiction, virtual, as crucial to research writing but calls for a new vocabulary to articulate the feminised, labile research processes that characterise this research. It also uses the site and the figure as templates to articulate wider, contemporary systems under stress socially, culturally and politically.

Este trabalho consiste de uma tradução comentada de vinte e três poemas gregos dos períodos Clássico e Arcaico. Essa tradução foi realizada buscando recriar o ritmo e a sonoridade dos textos originais, mas sem se afastar demasiadamente do plano do sentido, de modo que não é uma recriação livre. O trabalho é introduzido por um breve estudo a respeito do ritmo e da sonoridade, tanto na literatura grega quanto em termos gerais. / This work is comprised of a translation, followed up by a commentary, of twenty-three greek poems from the Classical and Archaic periods. The translation was carried out with a view to recreate the rhythm and sound of the original texts, without, however, allowing it to stray too far from the meaning, lest it would become a free recreation. The main work is introduced by a brief study regarding rhythm and sound, both in greek literature and in general terms.

Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-05-13T15:23:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Jorge Yerro.pdf: 596145 bytes, checksum: 43332c3085244194f83f4e97e219bbf0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alda Lima da Silva(sivalda@ufba.br) on 2013-06-04T20:41:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Jorge Yerro.pdf: 596145 bytes, checksum: 43332c3085244194f83f4e97e219bbf0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-04T20:41:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Jorge Yerro.pdf: 596145 bytes, checksum: 43332c3085244194f83f4e97e219bbf0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo determinar as estratégias que definiram a importação de obras de ficção em prosa, produzidas na década de 1970 por autores argentinos, a serem traduzidas no Brasil, no mesmo período. O trabalho, que propõe uma abordagem historiográfica e se sustenta nos Estudos Descritivos da Tradução, reúne informações sobre a primeira etapa do processo tradutório, o da seleção das obras a serem traduzidas. Ao longo do seu desenvolvimento, o estudo trata das relações existentes entre o sistema literário brasileiro e outros sistemas que com ele interagiram no período estudado, principalmente os sistemas político, educativo e literário internacional. Sobre as estratégias de seleção usadas para eleger os autores argentinos a serem traduzidos no Brasil, a dissertação aponta o sistema político brasileiro como responsável, quase absoluto, pelo uso de tais estratégias. Este predomínio se deveu ao fato de que o próprio sistema político se sustentava em um governo de natureza autoritária, que teve como traço marcante o forte uso da repressão e da censura. / Salvador

Este trabalho consiste de uma tradução comentada de vinte e três poemas gregos dos períodos Clássico e Arcaico. Essa tradução foi realizada buscando recriar o ritmo e a sonoridade dos textos originais, mas sem se afastar demasiadamente do plano do sentido, de modo que não é uma recriação livre. O trabalho é introduzido por um breve estudo a respeito do ritmo e da sonoridade, tanto na literatura grega quanto em termos gerais. / This work is comprised of a translation, followed up by a commentary, of twenty-three greek poems from the Classical and Archaic periods. The translation was carried out with a view to recreate the rhythm and sound of the original texts, without, however, allowing it to stray too far from the meaning, lest it would become a free recreation. The main work is introduced by a brief study regarding rhythm and sound, both in greek literature and in general terms.

This research aims to understand self-translation as a postcolonial, social, political, cultural and linguistic phenomenon and it focuses on how it communicates a hybrid transcultural identity that not only challenges the monolingual literary canons and concepts of national homogeneous identities, but also subverts to patriarchal society. Thus, I understand self-translation as a mean of empowerment and contestation. The cases under study are Puerto Rican writers Rosario Ferré and Esmeralda Santiago, and their novels The House on the Lagoon and América’s Dream, written in English and translated into Spanish by the authors themselves. I believe that Rosario Ferré and Esmeralda Santiago are representative of a group of writers, artists and intellectuals who through their work originated from the island and from the U.S. Diaspora, have aimed to give voice to a Puerto Rican postcolonial hybrid identity that has been silenced until recently. Therefore, they disrupt the official national cultural and linguistic discourse about the Puerto Rican identity that has been weaved by the Spanish language in opposition to U.S. colonialist attempts of linguistic and cultural assimilation. This dissertation is located in the intersection between the fields of comparative literature, translation, cultural, gender and postcolonial studies. The question that guides this research is: Is self-translation in the case of Puerto Rico, a result of cultural hybridity in Puerto Rico’s postcolonial context?Therefore, this is a multidisciplinary research project that integrates elements from the humanities and the social sciences. Methodologically, it integrates qualitative and quantitative approaches. Hence, hybridity is embedded in this research not only because it discusses English and Spanish writing, but because it includes textual analysis, content analysis and statistical analysis. The main finding is the deep conection between socio-political context, language, culture, identity, power and translation that supports the idea that self-translation is a postcolonial act, which in the case of Puerto Rico is strongly related to hybridity as an everyday practice of identity affirmation.

This theses will pay attention to a commented translation of selected short stories of contemporary Croatian author Julijana Matanović from her storybook Zašto sam vam lagala. The first part of the theses will be focused on a introducing of the author and her literary production including her place in the context of Croatian literature. The second, essential, part will contain the translation of the selected short stories into Czech language. In the third part will be sketched the translating process, there will be also described the applied translation methods. Here will be also concretely analysed some translatological problems. In the language side, the work will be reviewed with the Czech language possibilities. There would be also the comparison with the already existing German translation of the storybook.

Sehemu muhimu ya fasihi andishi ya Kiswahili yachukuliwa na fasihi iliyotafsiriwa kutoka lugha za kigeni. Ingawa vitabu vingi vilikuwa vimetafsiriwa na wageni, Waswahili walio maarufu walishugulika vile vile na kazi hiyo ya kufasiri kama wale Shaaban Robert anayehesabika kuwa mwanzilishi wa fasihi ya kisasa ya Kiswahili pamoja na rais wa kwanza wa Tanzania, baba wa taifa Mwalimu Julius Nyerere. Aidha, vitabu vya fasihi ya Kirusi zilianza kutafsiriwa kuanzia miaka ya sabini karne iliyopita. Nia yangu ilikuwa ni kuvuta uangalifu wa watafsiri Waswahili, kuwasaidia waelewe zaidi matini ya Kirusi na kuizingatia kwa makini katika kuendeleza kazi yao ya ufasiri yenye maana kubwa.

This report includes my translation of the short story “Tread on a Snake” (Hebi o Fumu) by Kawakami Hiromi, which is presented here as a significant contribution to modern Japanese literature in translation. The story received the prestigious Akutagawa Prize in 1996, although support for it was not unanimous as seen in my translation of the judges’ comments offered here as well. Following the translation of the story itself is an essay that discusses my personal experiences translating the story. I discuss elements that may be unique to the experience of translating Kawakami’s works, but also many that are applicable more broadly to issues of translation that go beyond her works and even Japanese literature as well. Challenges included maintaining the author’s tone and voice, the appropriate use of notes to provide cultural background, and the deliberate use of non-translated terms in a translation. / text

1 Abstract This MA thesis discusses contemporary US literature in Czechoslovakia between 1948 and 1956 in order to see how the US was represented through the chosen American writers and their works. The first two chapters look at how the parallel canon was established, both from historical and theoretical perspective. The third chapter discusses Langston Hughes as the representative of American poetry. It shows how Hughes was used to draw attention to racial inequality in the US. Howard Fast as the superstar of the "Czechoslovak America" is the focus of the fourth chapter. The cases of both Fast and Hughes show that contemporary US authors published in Czechoslovakia at that time were chosen for the way they depicted the US racial and social inequality and the repression of political opposition, and identified themselves as members of the so called progressive America. Reading Hughes and Fast from the Eastern side of the Iron Curtain contributes to Czech scholarship on the 1950s and adds new perspectives to the contemporary reconsiderations of American leftist writers.

[pt] A presente tese investiga o processo de seleção, tradução e publicação de obras literárias estrangeiras, tendo por campo de observação o Grupo Editorial Record, que figura, assim, como representante da indústria editorial brasileira. A motivação para este estudo foi o fato de que, ao comprar um livro traduzido, os leitores/consumidores, de um modo geral, não se dão conta das muitas etapas que culminaram no produto que estão levando para casa. O foco desta pesquisa, portanto, volta-se para a sequência de operações que se perfaz obedecendo, via de regra, à seguinte ordem cronológica: a seleção da obra a ser traduzida e a subsequente aquisição de seus direitos autorais; a escolha do tradutor e do copidesque, agentes que, respectivamente, traduzem para a língua alvo o texto estrangeiro e aprimoram o texto já traduzido; a escolha da capa e do título da obra já vertida para o vernáculo; as estratégias de divulgação e de distribuição da obra traduzida; por fim, a recepção dessa obra por parte da crítica e do leitor comum. O objetivo do presente estudo é, portanto, discutir e analisar a rede de agentes e atividades que é promovida e articulada pela indústria editorial brasileira com vistas a confeccionar um bem de consumo possuidor de características e finalidade próprias, que são as obras literárias traduzidas, destinadas à leitura feita nas horas de lazer. Levando-se em conta o expressivo número de obras traduzidas publicadas aqui, pode-se considerar o Brasil como uma cultura tradutora. Em contrapartida, culturas hegemônicas como a norte-americana e a britânica, de um modo geral, traduzem menos, ou seja, importam menos literatura para a tradução, sendo, ao contrário, mais traduzidas, visto que exportam mais suas produções literárias. No que tange ao aporte teórico, o meu estudo se sustenta basicamente nos seguintes pilares: 1) a concepção da literatura como polissistema, desenvolvida por Itamar Even-Zohar; 2) o entendimento da tradução como fenômeno da cultura tradutora, de Gideon Toury; 3) os conceitos de reescrita e de patronagem, propostos por André Lefevere; 4) a visão de tradução como agente formador das literaturas nacionais, promovida por Lawrence Venuti; 5) as abordagens de orientação sociológica propriamente dita, que trazem nomes como Michaela Wolf, Pascale Casanova, Daniel Simeoni, Maria Timoczko, Johan Heilbron, dentre outros. Com base na leitura da bibliografa selecionada e na análise dos dados gerados pelas entrevistas realizadas, é possível concluir que a tradução, tradicional e frequentemente examinada do ponto de vista linguístico, pode ser analisada também sob uma perspectiva mercadológica, sendo considerada, dessa forma, como um produto comercial elaborado para atender à demanda de um nicho da indústria do entretenimento. Assim sendo, por provocar toda uma malha de tarefas executadas por profissionais que concorrem para a manufatura de um produto destinado a um público consumidor específico, parece legítimo concluir que a tradução consiste numa prática social, uma vez que promove a atuação de profissionais não só do campo editorial, mas, particularmente, de profissionais do texto, como o tradutor. / [en] The present dissertation investigates the process of selecting, translating and publishing foreign literary works, with special focus on the publishing house Grupo Editorial Record, which thus represents the Brazilian publishing industry. The motivation for this study was the fact that, when buying a translated book, readers/consumers, in general, are not aware of the many stages which resulted in the product they are taking home. So this research focuses on the sequence of actions which usually unfold in the following order: the selection of the literary work to be translated and the subsequent acquisition of its copyright; the selection of the translator and the copy editor, agents who, respectively, translate the foreign text into the target language and improve the translated version; the choice of the cover and the title of the book already translated into the target language; the strategies for advertising and distributing the translated book; and lastly, the reception of this book by the literary critics and the average readership. The object of this study is thus the net of agents and activities which is promoted and articulated by the Brazilian publishing industry aiming at manufacturing a consumer good with features and purposes of its own, which are the translated literary works destined for leisure reading. Taking into account the expressive number of translated literary works published here, Brazil can be regarded as a translating culture. In contrast, hegemonic cultures such as the North American and the British ones, in general, translate less, that is, import fewer literary works for translation, being more translated instead, as they export their literary production more often. Concerning the theoretical framework here used as reference, my study is based on the following pillars: 1) the notion of literature as a polysystem, developed by Itamar Even-Zohar; 2) the understanding of translation as a phenomenon of the translating culture, by Gideon Toury; 3) the concepts of rewriting and patronage, proposed by André Lefevere; 4) the view of translation as the agent of national literature formation, promoted by Lawrence Venuti; 5) the sociologically-oriented approaches in their own right, whose prominent names are Michaela Wolf, Pascale Casanova, Daniel Simeoni, Maria Timoczko, Johan Heilbron, among others. Based on the selected bibliography and on the analysis of the data generated by the interviews carried out, it is possible to conclude that translation, traditionally and frequently examined under a linguistic viewpoint, can be also analysed under a market-driven perspective, being thus regarded as a commercial good produced to fulfill the demands of a niche of the entertainment industry. Hence, for triggering a wide range of tasks undertaken by professionals who work so as to make the product aimed at a specific group of consumers, it seems legitimate to infer that translation is a social practice, since it promotes the action of professionals not only those belonging to the publishing field, but, particularly, of text professionals such as translators.