The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a Go Make a Difference (Go MAD) training programme on the self-regulation of a group of students at a higher education institution in South Africa. An availability sample of 20 university students took part in a simple pre-test, post-test experimental and control group design. Data were gathered with the Generalised Expectancy for Success Scale (GESS), the Personal Growth Initiative Scale (PGIS), the Problem Solving Inventory (PSI), and a self-compiled open-ended questionnaire to explore participants' subjective experience of the programme. It was found that Go MAD® shows potential as a valid tool to foster self-regulation in students and to help them ultimately to achieve their goals. However, students who chose unrealistic, non-feasible goals and who had to deal with unresolved emotional issues found it difficult to attain their goals. Findings support other impact studies regarding Go MAD. Further research on larger, random samples with presentation of Go MAD over a longer period of time, as well as longer-term follow-up assessments to determine the extent to which improved goal achievement is sustainable, is recommended. / Thesis (M.A. (Psigologie)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a Go Make a Difference (Go MAD) training programme on the self-regulation of a group of students at a higher education institution in South Africa. An availability sample of 20 university students took part in a simple pre-test, post-test experimental and control group design. Data were gathered with the Generalised Expectancy for Success Scale (GESS), the Personal Growth Initiative Scale (PGIS), the Problem Solving Inventory (PSI), and a self-compiled open-ended questionnaire to explore participants' subjective experience of the programme. It was found that Go MAD® shows potential as a valid tool to foster self-regulation in students and to help them ultimately to achieve their goals. However, students who chose unrealistic, non-feasible goals and who had to deal with unresolved emotional issues found it difficult to attain their goals. Findings support other impact studies regarding Go MAD. Further research on larger, random samples with presentation of Go MAD over a longer period of time, as well as longer-term follow-up assessments to determine the extent to which improved goal achievement is sustainable, is recommended. / Thesis (M.A. (Psigologie)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

This thesis will focus on two similarly positioned characters: Peggy Olson and Leslie Knope, both of whom are female characters who successfully navigate male-dominated workplaces. Using Bonnie Dow’s lifestyle feminist framework and critique of postfeminism, Sheryl Sandberg’s advice for women who wish to succeed in the workplace, and bell hooks feminist theory, I hope to use this thesis to locate Peggy and Leslie’s respective places in the tradition of feminism on television, and I will argue that describing characters like Peggy as “feminist” is outdated.

This autoethnography uses narrative inquiry within an anticolonial theoretical framework. As a White Italian male settler living on Turtle Island, I bring survivor experience to psychiatric definitions of “psychosis,” or what I call psychosic narrative, and to broader literatures for the purpose of decolonizing “mental” relations. Using reflexive critiques, including feminist antiracism, I question my own privileges as I consider the possibilities of Mad culture to disturb authorizations of practices like forced electroshock and drugging. Using journals, salient themes of experience are identified, including “delusion,” “psychosis,” “madness,” and “illness,” especially as they appear in texts about politics, culture, and theory. A temporally rigorous narrative approach to my readings allows for a self-reflexive writing on such themes in relation with antiracist anticolonial resistance. Thus a White psychiatric survivor resistance to psychiatry and its social (local) history is related to the problematic of global Western neoliberal heteropatriarchy in psychological institutional texts. Survivor testimonies bring critical madness and disability theories as they pertain to racialization and constructions of sex/uality and gender. Rather than present a comprehensive analysis, this narrative inquiry is generated from the process of research as it was experienced in order to represent and question its epistemological grounds.

Thesis (M.S.)--Humboldt State University, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 26-30). Also available via Humboldt Digital Scholar.

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a farmacocinética de uma solução injetável de progesterona concentrada de longa ação. A partir deste conhecimento, elaborar novos experimentos para testar a funcionalidade do produto em protocolos de sincronização de estro e posteriormente avaliar seus efeitos na esfera reprodutiva da fêmea bovina. O experimento 1 determinou a concentração de progesterona plasmática ao longo do tempo a partir do tratamento com uma solução injetável de progesterona concentrada de longa ação (MAD4®), variando a dose e a via de administração, no sentido de demonstrar a farmacocinética do produto. Foram utilizadas 08 vacas Braford ovariectomizadas. A concentração de progesterona utilizada nos tratamentos 1 e 2 foi 250mg por via IM e SC. No tratamento 3 utilizou-se dose de 375mg de progesterona SC. O experimento 2 analisou o efeito de um tratamento hormonal com progesterona em vacas de corte em anestro pós-parto, avaliando a dinâmica folicular, níveis plasmáticos de progesterona e taxa de prenhez final. Foram utilizadas 09 vacas Braford. O grupo controle (n=4) recebeu no dia 0 estradiol 2mg IM e 7 dias depois PGF2alfa. O grupo tratamento (n=5) recebeu o mesmo protocolo com a adição de 250mg SC de progesterona no dia 0. Todas as vacas foram entouradas a partir do dia 7. O experimento 3 avaliou a sincronização de estros e a taxa de prenhez em novilhas de corte previamente tratadas com progesterona, estradiol e prostaglandina. Utilizou-se 36 novilhas, da raça Braford. O primeiro grupo T1 (n=16), no dia 0, recebeu 2mg de estradiol IM e 125mg de progesterona IM e 7 dias depois, uma aplicação de PGF2alfa. O segundo grupo T2 (n=20), recebeu o mesmo tratamento, sendo que, no dia 0, a aplicação de 375mg SC. As novilhas foram submetidas à inseminação convencional por 5 dias após aplicação de PGF2alfa e depois repassadas com touros. O experimento 4 avaliou a taxa de prenhez em vacas de corte com cria ao pé em anestro previamente tratadas com progesterona, estradiol e prostaglandina. Utilizou-se 140 vacas Angus e 128 Braford, com 30 a 60 dias pós-parto. O grupo controle (n=136) foi colocado com touros por um período de 60 dias. O grupo tratamento, no dia 0, recebeu estradiol 2mg IM e 250mg de progesterona injetável SC, sendo que após 2 dias foram colocadas com touros por um período de 58 dias. No experimento 1, o T1 250mg IM, T2 250mg SC e o T3 375mg SC atingiram o pico de progesterona as 12hs (2,48±2,05), 24hs (3,23±2,15) e 24hs (4,98±0,57) respectivamente, mantendo níveis superiores a 1ng/ml até 24hs, 96hs e >192hs, respectivamente. No experimento 2, no dia 9 o diâmetro médio dos folículos do grupo tratamento foi maior numéricamente quando comparado ao grupo controle (9,84mm vs. 8,03mm, respectivamente), os níveis de progesterona no grupo tratamento (7,94±5,29 ng/ml) tenderam a ser maiores do que no grupo controle (1,73±2,04ng/ml), ao final do experimento (P<0,06), a taxa de prenhez foi de 80% e 25% para tratamento e controle. No experimento 3, a taxa de manifestação de estro foi maior no tratamento 1 quando comparada ao tratamento 2 (93,2 vs. 20,0%, respectivamente), P<0,05. A prenhez final foi semelhante entre os grupos. No experimento 4, avaliando os períodos de monta, houve aos 40 dias uma maior prenhez no grupo tratamento (P<0,05). A taxa de prenhez ao final da temporada de monta foi maior no grupo tratamento comparado ao grupo controle, P<0,05 (51,52 vs. 29,41 %, respectivamente). Concluindo, doses e vias diferentes apresentaram concentrações plasmáticas diferentes em alguns momentos, caracterizando cada via de administração e doses utilizadas. O diâmetro folicular, os níveis plasmáticos de progesterona e prenhez final aumentaram numericamente após tratamento de progesterona e estradiol em vacas de corte em anestro pós-parto. O tratamento de novilhas com progesterona na dose de 375mg SC foi capaz de bloquear a manifestação de estro, não sendo indicada para este tipo de sincronização. Por outro lado, a sincronização de estros com 125mg IM de progesterona associada ao estradiol e PGF2alfa foi eficiente. A taxa de prenhez final não foi afetada pelas doses de progesterona. O tratamento de vacas de corte com cria ao pé com progesterona injetável de longa ação na dose de 250mg via SC associado ao estradiol foi capaz de antecipar as concepções e aumentar a taxa de prenhez final. / This study aimed to determine the pharmacokinetics of a long-action progesterone. To assist on new experiments testing the product on oestrus synchronization and analyzing the effects on breeding beef cattle. Experiment 1 verified serum progesterone concentration in ovariectomised cows to determine pharmacokinetics of MAD-4 ® product. A group of 08 Braford cows received 250 mg of progesterone by different routes of administration: intramuscular (treatment 1) or subcutaneous (treatment 2). In treatment 3, 375mg of progesterone was administered SC. Experiment 2 identified the effect of a hormone treatment with progesterone (MAD- 4 ®) on beef cows in postpartum anestrous, assessing the follicular dynamics, plasma levels of progesterone and following pregnancy rate. Nine braford suckling cows were used. The control group (n=4), received on day 0 estradiol 2mg IM and after 7 days an application of prostaglandin. The treatment group (n=5), received the same protocol as the control group with the addition on day 0 of 250mg progesterone SC. The cows were exposed to one bull from day 7 to day 60. Experiment 3 evaluated estrous synchronization and the rate of pregnancy in beef heifers previously treated with progesterone, estradiol and prostaglandin. Thirty six Braford heifers were used. The first group n = 16, T1, on day 0 received of estradiol 2 mg IM and 125mg of progesterone IM and after 7 days prostaglandin was administered. The second group n = 20, T2, received the same protocol with different concentration of progesterone on day 0 (375mg SC). After application of prostaglandin the heifers were inseminated for 5 days and than bred with bulls. Experiment 4 aimed to assess the pregnancy rate in multiparous suckling beef cows previously treated with progesterone, estradiol and prostaglandin. Angus (140) and Braford (128) cows with 30 to 60 days postpartum were used. The control group n = 136 was bred with bulls for a period of 60 days. The treatment group on day 0 received of estradiol 2 mg IM and 250 mg progesterone SC, and after 2 days was placed with bulls. In experiment 1, treatment 1 (250mg IM), treatment 2 ( 250mg SC) and treatment 3 (375mg SC) reached the progesterone peak at 12hs (2.48±2.05), 24hs (3.23±2.15) and 24hs (4.98±0.57), and manteined serum progesterone levels higher than 1ng/ml at 24hs, 96hs and >192hs, respectively. In experiment 2, follicular diameter on day 9 was 9.84mm vs. 8.03mm treatment and control groups respectively. The progesterone plasma levels in the treated group (7,94±5,29 ng/ml) tended to be higher than the control group (1.73±2.04 ng/ml) at the end of the experiment (P<0.06). The pregnancy rate was 25% (1/4) in the control group and 80% (4/5) in the treated group. In experiment 3 the manifestation of oestrus was superior in T1 when compared to T2 (93.2 vs. 20.0%, respectively, P < 0.05). The final pregnancy rate was similar between the groups. In experiment 4, there was a higher pregnancy rate (P < 0.05) in the treatment group at the 40th day evaluation. The pregnancy rate at the end of the breeding season was higher in the treatment group compared to the control group (51.52 vs. 29.41%, respectively, P < 0.05). Treatment of ovariectomised cows with long-acting injectable progesterone in different doses and different routes of administration resulted in significant different serum concentrations at some moments, according to route of administration and doses used. The ovarian follicular dynamics, plasma levels of progesterone and pregnancy rate showed positive numeric differences for the variables analyzed, although there was no statistical difference in postpartum beef cows. The treatment of heifers with long-acting injectable progesterone using 375mg SC was able to block the manifestation of oestrus, not being indicated for this type of synchronization. The sinchronizacion of oestrus with progesterone 125mg IM and estradiol associated to prostaglandin was efficient. The final pregnancy rate was not affected by progesterone doses. The treatment of multiparous suckling beef cows with long-acting injectable progesterone (250 mg SC) associated with estradiol was able to antecipate conception and increase the rate of pregnancy.

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a farmacocinética de uma solução injetável de progesterona concentrada de longa ação. A partir deste conhecimento, elaborar novos experimentos para testar a funcionalidade do produto em protocolos de sincronização de estro e posteriormente avaliar seus efeitos na esfera reprodutiva da fêmea bovina. O experimento 1 determinou a concentração de progesterona plasmática ao longo do tempo a partir do tratamento com uma solução injetável de progesterona concentrada de longa ação (MAD4®), variando a dose e a via de administração, no sentido de demonstrar a farmacocinética do produto. Foram utilizadas 08 vacas Braford ovariectomizadas. A concentração de progesterona utilizada nos tratamentos 1 e 2 foi 250mg por via IM e SC. No tratamento 3 utilizou-se dose de 375mg de progesterona SC. O experimento 2 analisou o efeito de um tratamento hormonal com progesterona em vacas de corte em anestro pós-parto, avaliando a dinâmica folicular, níveis plasmáticos de progesterona e taxa de prenhez final. Foram utilizadas 09 vacas Braford. O grupo controle (n=4) recebeu no dia 0 estradiol 2mg IM e 7 dias depois PGF2alfa. O grupo tratamento (n=5) recebeu o mesmo protocolo com a adição de 250mg SC de progesterona no dia 0. Todas as vacas foram entouradas a partir do dia 7. O experimento 3 avaliou a sincronização de estros e a taxa de prenhez em novilhas de corte previamente tratadas com progesterona, estradiol e prostaglandina. Utilizou-se 36 novilhas, da raça Braford. O primeiro grupo T1 (n=16), no dia 0, recebeu 2mg de estradiol IM e 125mg de progesterona IM e 7 dias depois, uma aplicação de PGF2alfa. O segundo grupo T2 (n=20), recebeu o mesmo tratamento, sendo que, no dia 0, a aplicação de 375mg SC. As novilhas foram submetidas à inseminação convencional por 5 dias após aplicação de PGF2alfa e depois repassadas com touros. O experimento 4 avaliou a taxa de prenhez em vacas de corte com cria ao pé em anestro previamente tratadas com progesterona, estradiol e prostaglandina. Utilizou-se 140 vacas Angus e 128 Braford, com 30 a 60 dias pós-parto. O grupo controle (n=136) foi colocado com touros por um período de 60 dias. O grupo tratamento, no dia 0, recebeu estradiol 2mg IM e 250mg de progesterona injetável SC, sendo que após 2 dias foram colocadas com touros por um período de 58 dias. No experimento 1, o T1 250mg IM, T2 250mg SC e o T3 375mg SC atingiram o pico de progesterona as 12hs (2,48±2,05), 24hs (3,23±2,15) e 24hs (4,98±0,57) respectivamente, mantendo níveis superiores a 1ng/ml até 24hs, 96hs e >192hs, respectivamente. No experimento 2, no dia 9 o diâmetro médio dos folículos do grupo tratamento foi maior numéricamente quando comparado ao grupo controle (9,84mm vs. 8,03mm, respectivamente), os níveis de progesterona no grupo tratamento (7,94±5,29 ng/ml) tenderam a ser maiores do que no grupo controle (1,73±2,04ng/ml), ao final do experimento (P<0,06), a taxa de prenhez foi de 80% e 25% para tratamento e controle. No experimento 3, a taxa de manifestação de estro foi maior no tratamento 1 quando comparada ao tratamento 2 (93,2 vs. 20,0%, respectivamente), P<0,05. A prenhez final foi semelhante entre os grupos. No experimento 4, avaliando os períodos de monta, houve aos 40 dias uma maior prenhez no grupo tratamento (P<0,05). A taxa de prenhez ao final da temporada de monta foi maior no grupo tratamento comparado ao grupo controle, P<0,05 (51,52 vs. 29,41 %, respectivamente). Concluindo, doses e vias diferentes apresentaram concentrações plasmáticas diferentes em alguns momentos, caracterizando cada via de administração e doses utilizadas. O diâmetro folicular, os níveis plasmáticos de progesterona e prenhez final aumentaram numericamente após tratamento de progesterona e estradiol em vacas de corte em anestro pós-parto. O tratamento de novilhas com progesterona na dose de 375mg SC foi capaz de bloquear a manifestação de estro, não sendo indicada para este tipo de sincronização. Por outro lado, a sincronização de estros com 125mg IM de progesterona associada ao estradiol e PGF2alfa foi eficiente. A taxa de prenhez final não foi afetada pelas doses de progesterona. O tratamento de vacas de corte com cria ao pé com progesterona injetável de longa ação na dose de 250mg via SC associado ao estradiol foi capaz de antecipar as concepções e aumentar a taxa de prenhez final. / This study aimed to determine the pharmacokinetics of a long-action progesterone. To assist on new experiments testing the product on oestrus synchronization and analyzing the effects on breeding beef cattle. Experiment 1 verified serum progesterone concentration in ovariectomised cows to determine pharmacokinetics of MAD-4 ® product. A group of 08 Braford cows received 250 mg of progesterone by different routes of administration: intramuscular (treatment 1) or subcutaneous (treatment 2). In treatment 3, 375mg of progesterone was administered SC. Experiment 2 identified the effect of a hormone treatment with progesterone (MAD- 4 ®) on beef cows in postpartum anestrous, assessing the follicular dynamics, plasma levels of progesterone and following pregnancy rate. Nine braford suckling cows were used. The control group (n=4), received on day 0 estradiol 2mg IM and after 7 days an application of prostaglandin. The treatment group (n=5), received the same protocol as the control group with the addition on day 0 of 250mg progesterone SC. The cows were exposed to one bull from day 7 to day 60. Experiment 3 evaluated estrous synchronization and the rate of pregnancy in beef heifers previously treated with progesterone, estradiol and prostaglandin. Thirty six Braford heifers were used. The first group n = 16, T1, on day 0 received of estradiol 2 mg IM and 125mg of progesterone IM and after 7 days prostaglandin was administered. The second group n = 20, T2, received the same protocol with different concentration of progesterone on day 0 (375mg SC). After application of prostaglandin the heifers were inseminated for 5 days and than bred with bulls. Experiment 4 aimed to assess the pregnancy rate in multiparous suckling beef cows previously treated with progesterone, estradiol and prostaglandin. Angus (140) and Braford (128) cows with 30 to 60 days postpartum were used. The control group n = 136 was bred with bulls for a period of 60 days. The treatment group on day 0 received of estradiol 2 mg IM and 250 mg progesterone SC, and after 2 days was placed with bulls. In experiment 1, treatment 1 (250mg IM), treatment 2 ( 250mg SC) and treatment 3 (375mg SC) reached the progesterone peak at 12hs (2.48±2.05), 24hs (3.23±2.15) and 24hs (4.98±0.57), and manteined serum progesterone levels higher than 1ng/ml at 24hs, 96hs and >192hs, respectively. In experiment 2, follicular diameter on day 9 was 9.84mm vs. 8.03mm treatment and control groups respectively. The progesterone plasma levels in the treated group (7,94±5,29 ng/ml) tended to be higher than the control group (1.73±2.04 ng/ml) at the end of the experiment (P<0.06). The pregnancy rate was 25% (1/4) in the control group and 80% (4/5) in the treated group. In experiment 3 the manifestation of oestrus was superior in T1 when compared to T2 (93.2 vs. 20.0%, respectively, P < 0.05). The final pregnancy rate was similar between the groups. In experiment 4, there was a higher pregnancy rate (P < 0.05) in the treatment group at the 40th day evaluation. The pregnancy rate at the end of the breeding season was higher in the treatment group compared to the control group (51.52 vs. 29.41%, respectively, P < 0.05). Treatment of ovariectomised cows with long-acting injectable progesterone in different doses and different routes of administration resulted in significant different serum concentrations at some moments, according to route of administration and doses used. The ovarian follicular dynamics, plasma levels of progesterone and pregnancy rate showed positive numeric differences for the variables analyzed, although there was no statistical difference in postpartum beef cows. The treatment of heifers with long-acting injectable progesterone using 375mg SC was able to block the manifestation of oestrus, not being indicated for this type of synchronization. The sinchronizacion of oestrus with progesterone 125mg IM and estradiol associated to prostaglandin was efficient. The final pregnancy rate was not affected by progesterone doses. The treatment of multiparous suckling beef cows with long-acting injectable progesterone (250 mg SC) associated with estradiol was able to antecipate conception and increase the rate of pregnancy.

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a farmacocinética de uma solução injetável de progesterona concentrada de longa ação. A partir deste conhecimento, elaborar novos experimentos para testar a funcionalidade do produto em protocolos de sincronização de estro e posteriormente avaliar seus efeitos na esfera reprodutiva da fêmea bovina. O experimento 1 determinou a concentração de progesterona plasmática ao longo do tempo a partir do tratamento com uma solução injetável de progesterona concentrada de longa ação (MAD4®), variando a dose e a via de administração, no sentido de demonstrar a farmacocinética do produto. Foram utilizadas 08 vacas Braford ovariectomizadas. A concentração de progesterona utilizada nos tratamentos 1 e 2 foi 250mg por via IM e SC. No tratamento 3 utilizou-se dose de 375mg de progesterona SC. O experimento 2 analisou o efeito de um tratamento hormonal com progesterona em vacas de corte em anestro pós-parto, avaliando a dinâmica folicular, níveis plasmáticos de progesterona e taxa de prenhez final. Foram utilizadas 09 vacas Braford. O grupo controle (n=4) recebeu no dia 0 estradiol 2mg IM e 7 dias depois PGF2alfa. O grupo tratamento (n=5) recebeu o mesmo protocolo com a adição de 250mg SC de progesterona no dia 0. Todas as vacas foram entouradas a partir do dia 7. O experimento 3 avaliou a sincronização de estros e a taxa de prenhez em novilhas de corte previamente tratadas com progesterona, estradiol e prostaglandina. Utilizou-se 36 novilhas, da raça Braford. O primeiro grupo T1 (n=16), no dia 0, recebeu 2mg de estradiol IM e 125mg de progesterona IM e 7 dias depois, uma aplicação de PGF2alfa. O segundo grupo T2 (n=20), recebeu o mesmo tratamento, sendo que, no dia 0, a aplicação de 375mg SC. As novilhas foram submetidas à inseminação convencional por 5 dias após aplicação de PGF2alfa e depois repassadas com touros. O experimento 4 avaliou a taxa de prenhez em vacas de corte com cria ao pé em anestro previamente tratadas com progesterona, estradiol e prostaglandina. Utilizou-se 140 vacas Angus e 128 Braford, com 30 a 60 dias pós-parto. O grupo controle (n=136) foi colocado com touros por um período de 60 dias. O grupo tratamento, no dia 0, recebeu estradiol 2mg IM e 250mg de progesterona injetável SC, sendo que após 2 dias foram colocadas com touros por um período de 58 dias. No experimento 1, o T1 250mg IM, T2 250mg SC e o T3 375mg SC atingiram o pico de progesterona as 12hs (2,48±2,05), 24hs (3,23±2,15) e 24hs (4,98±0,57) respectivamente, mantendo níveis superiores a 1ng/ml até 24hs, 96hs e >192hs, respectivamente. No experimento 2, no dia 9 o diâmetro médio dos folículos do grupo tratamento foi maior numéricamente quando comparado ao grupo controle (9,84mm vs. 8,03mm, respectivamente), os níveis de progesterona no grupo tratamento (7,94±5,29 ng/ml) tenderam a ser maiores do que no grupo controle (1,73±2,04ng/ml), ao final do experimento (P<0,06), a taxa de prenhez foi de 80% e 25% para tratamento e controle. No experimento 3, a taxa de manifestação de estro foi maior no tratamento 1 quando comparada ao tratamento 2 (93,2 vs. 20,0%, respectivamente), P<0,05. A prenhez final foi semelhante entre os grupos. No experimento 4, avaliando os períodos de monta, houve aos 40 dias uma maior prenhez no grupo tratamento (P<0,05). A taxa de prenhez ao final da temporada de monta foi maior no grupo tratamento comparado ao grupo controle, P<0,05 (51,52 vs. 29,41 %, respectivamente). Concluindo, doses e vias diferentes apresentaram concentrações plasmáticas diferentes em alguns momentos, caracterizando cada via de administração e doses utilizadas. O diâmetro folicular, os níveis plasmáticos de progesterona e prenhez final aumentaram numericamente após tratamento de progesterona e estradiol em vacas de corte em anestro pós-parto. O tratamento de novilhas com progesterona na dose de 375mg SC foi capaz de bloquear a manifestação de estro, não sendo indicada para este tipo de sincronização. Por outro lado, a sincronização de estros com 125mg IM de progesterona associada ao estradiol e PGF2alfa foi eficiente. A taxa de prenhez final não foi afetada pelas doses de progesterona. O tratamento de vacas de corte com cria ao pé com progesterona injetável de longa ação na dose de 250mg via SC associado ao estradiol foi capaz de antecipar as concepções e aumentar a taxa de prenhez final. / This study aimed to determine the pharmacokinetics of a long-action progesterone. To assist on new experiments testing the product on oestrus synchronization and analyzing the effects on breeding beef cattle. Experiment 1 verified serum progesterone concentration in ovariectomised cows to determine pharmacokinetics of MAD-4 ® product. A group of 08 Braford cows received 250 mg of progesterone by different routes of administration: intramuscular (treatment 1) or subcutaneous (treatment 2). In treatment 3, 375mg of progesterone was administered SC. Experiment 2 identified the effect of a hormone treatment with progesterone (MAD- 4 ®) on beef cows in postpartum anestrous, assessing the follicular dynamics, plasma levels of progesterone and following pregnancy rate. Nine braford suckling cows were used. The control group (n=4), received on day 0 estradiol 2mg IM and after 7 days an application of prostaglandin. The treatment group (n=5), received the same protocol as the control group with the addition on day 0 of 250mg progesterone SC. The cows were exposed to one bull from day 7 to day 60. Experiment 3 evaluated estrous synchronization and the rate of pregnancy in beef heifers previously treated with progesterone, estradiol and prostaglandin. Thirty six Braford heifers were used. The first group n = 16, T1, on day 0 received of estradiol 2 mg IM and 125mg of progesterone IM and after 7 days prostaglandin was administered. The second group n = 20, T2, received the same protocol with different concentration of progesterone on day 0 (375mg SC). After application of prostaglandin the heifers were inseminated for 5 days and than bred with bulls. Experiment 4 aimed to assess the pregnancy rate in multiparous suckling beef cows previously treated with progesterone, estradiol and prostaglandin. Angus (140) and Braford (128) cows with 30 to 60 days postpartum were used. The control group n = 136 was bred with bulls for a period of 60 days. The treatment group on day 0 received of estradiol 2 mg IM and 250 mg progesterone SC, and after 2 days was placed with bulls. In experiment 1, treatment 1 (250mg IM), treatment 2 ( 250mg SC) and treatment 3 (375mg SC) reached the progesterone peak at 12hs (2.48±2.05), 24hs (3.23±2.15) and 24hs (4.98±0.57), and manteined serum progesterone levels higher than 1ng/ml at 24hs, 96hs and >192hs, respectively. In experiment 2, follicular diameter on day 9 was 9.84mm vs. 8.03mm treatment and control groups respectively. The progesterone plasma levels in the treated group (7,94±5,29 ng/ml) tended to be higher than the control group (1.73±2.04 ng/ml) at the end of the experiment (P<0.06). The pregnancy rate was 25% (1/4) in the control group and 80% (4/5) in the treated group. In experiment 3 the manifestation of oestrus was superior in T1 when compared to T2 (93.2 vs. 20.0%, respectively, P < 0.05). The final pregnancy rate was similar between the groups. In experiment 4, there was a higher pregnancy rate (P < 0.05) in the treatment group at the 40th day evaluation. The pregnancy rate at the end of the breeding season was higher in the treatment group compared to the control group (51.52 vs. 29.41%, respectively, P < 0.05). Treatment of ovariectomised cows with long-acting injectable progesterone in different doses and different routes of administration resulted in significant different serum concentrations at some moments, according to route of administration and doses used. The ovarian follicular dynamics, plasma levels of progesterone and pregnancy rate showed positive numeric differences for the variables analyzed, although there was no statistical difference in postpartum beef cows. The treatment of heifers with long-acting injectable progesterone using 375mg SC was able to block the manifestation of oestrus, not being indicated for this type of synchronization. The sinchronizacion of oestrus with progesterone 125mg IM and estradiol associated to prostaglandin was efficient. The final pregnancy rate was not affected by progesterone doses. The treatment of multiparous suckling beef cows with long-acting injectable progesterone (250 mg SC) associated with estradiol was able to antecipate conception and increase the rate of pregnancy.

The Eight Songs for a Mad King lends itself very nicely to the analysis of the various Sprechstimme and "extended vocalism" techniques. Peter Maxwell Davies uses all the conventional Sprechstimme techniques as well as vocal sounds and notation of his own design. By explaining and illustrating these techniques before the performance of the work, the audience can gain additional insight into and understanding of the performance. The historical aspect of the text used in the Mad King is also of interest to the listener. The poems were inspired by a small mechanical organ supposedly once owned by King George III and which played eight tunes. A scrap of paper sold with the organ explains that "This organ was George the third for Birds to sing". The songs are understood to be his monologue while listening to his birds perform. The text incorporates many sentences actually spoken by George III in both his sane and insane moments.

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