<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study will be beneficial for Swedish companies that wish to enter the French market and will also benefit companies in France that have something to do with Sweden or that are playing on the Swedish origin. The outcome of this study will give a perspective on Swedishness in Swedish companies, brands and products with French consumers.References to places and countries such as French wine, Hollywood movies, and Russian roulette are examples of how the origin of countries can create associations influencing consumers' product evaluation and buying behaviour. In the process of understanding French consumers' product country image in relation to Sweden, it is important to map their buying behaviour and associations to Swedish companies, brands and products. The consumer perception of the country of origin can together with other attributes add brand equity to a company, brand or a product.</p><p><strong>Purpose</strong>: The purpose of this study is to understand how Swedishness in Swedish brands and products influences the perception of quality and to assist companies in their decision making on how to market in France.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: French consumers are influenced by global and national perceptions of countries of origin. Swedishness and Scandinavia have a particularly good reputation with French consumers. This influence is high and influences the consumers' quality-perception process through various influencers. Presentation of figures that can be used as generic figures when considering the influencers of your country's image when marketing cross-nationally.</p>

Cette thèse se propose de circonscrire et d'étudier les équivalents littéraires du ready-made duchampien dans la poésie moderne et contemporaine. historiquement issu du domaine des arts plastiques, cette pratique connaît des équivalents poétiques depuis le début du vingtième siècle (cendrars 'dernière heure') sans que l'on puisse pour autant toujours parler d'importation ou d'appropriation de la part des poètes concernés. on essaiera ainsi de définir l'appellation de << poésie ready-made >> dans un sens davantage générique que proprement généalogique, à l'aide de critères permettant de la distinguer de pratiques proches comme le plagiat ou le collage. on essaiera de montrer que, tout comme le ready-made duchampien, ces pratiques bouleversent la conception traditionnelle de la poésie et de l'écriture poétique. qu'on l'envisage en termes de production (le geste d'écriture se voit nié et remplacé par un geste de sélection / prélèvement / déplacement d'éléments non littéraires) ou en termes de réception (les effets de sens du ready-made en poésie reposent en grande partie sur des logiques non discursives, et l'objet déplacé n'est pas nécessairement écrit), la définition du << poétique >> se voit mise en question, amenant par là-même à une << chute des paradigmes >> (thierry de duve), ce qui pose alors la question de savoir quels outils peuvent être mis en place pour analyser ces objets et leur fonctionnement.

Most books written about American drama concern definitions of masculinity, the American dream, and the family in a society that encourages people to surpass their competences and limits. American playwrights of the twentieth century reveal the anxiety and insecurity of men who do not rise up to the standards of the American dream. In concentrating on these themes, most critics have analyzed the main characters and plots but have left aside hints about other myths. This study aims to analyse the extended use of the cowboy, of salesman, and of pirate in Tennessee Williams’s The Glass Menagerie and Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman. The recurrence of these three myths touches on the core of American drama that playwrights and critics have tried to define endlessly: the definition of the male in the American society.

The body` of criticism concerning N. Scott Momaday's House Made of Dawn demonstrates a lack of material dealing with the ramifications of the Priest of the Sun's sermon which examines the "Word" of St. John. This thesis explores what is meant by St. John's Word, and how this Word relates to Momaday's novel as a whole. Momaday, through Tosamah, the Priest of the Sun, claims modern society is being overloaded with meaningless words. The Word, in its pure form, is connected to the Native American oral tradition and Momaday's belief that words are powerful when they are used in a traditional manner. The context of language is shown to be an important element in this novel, as the topic of Native American assimilation into white culture is discussed. / Department of English

Globalization abates barriers and makes the world similar, but also leads countries to perform like companies seeking and competing for global capitals. In this competition the „nation brand‟ becomes a critical tool to stand out and attract any sort of foreign investments. In this research, the factors which affect the nation brand, presented in the Anholt´s hexagon model, will be tested through the combination of theory on nation branding and empirical data. The study analyzes how different organizations affect and promote the commercial image of Spain in Sweden. Up to seven entities susceptible to affect the brand Spain were analyzed; the ICEX, the economic and commercial office of Spain in Stockholm, the embassy of Spain in Stockholm, Invest in Spain, the Elcano Royal institute, the Hispanic-Swedish chamber of commerce in Madrid and the Swedish trade council in Madrid. The study also presents an outline of the current context of the brand Spain and its projection in Sweden, as well as an overview on the trade relationship between both countries. The individual commitment of most of the organizations investigated, under the guidance of the Ministry of foreign affairs and the Ministry of industry, tourism, and trade of Spain, appears as one of the main findings. Despite the limited scope of this investigation, the relative novelty of this field of study leaves room for further research in different directions, questioning those who claim that globalization threats local diversity.

Les zéolithes représentent une importante classe de catalyseurs hétérogènes largement utilisées dans l’industrie. En effet, ce sont des catalyseurs de choix pour de multiples réactions grâce à leurs propriétés uniques largement modulables, à savoir leur forte acidité de Brønsted, leur grande surface spécifique, leur stabilité hydrothermique et leur sélectivité de forme. Cependant, la taille de leur micropores engendre des difficultés en terme de diffusion, réduisant ainsi leur potentiel catalytique. Ainsi, la conception sur mesure, en fonction de l’application finale, semble être une méthode très intéressante pour le développement de nouveaux catalyseurs zéolithiques.Les travaux réalisés au cours de cette Thèse ont pour objectif la conception de zéolithes à trois échelles : (i) au niveau du site actif en jouant sur la force acide et sur leur accessibilité, (ii) au niveau macroscopique par la taille des cristaux et (iii) au niveau du réacteur en les déposant sur divers supports. Ces différentes zéolithes ont été évaluées dans deux réactions acides : la chloration d’aromatiques et la conversion du méthanol en oléfines légères (MTO).Des zéolithes hiérarchisées ont été synthétisées selon diverses méthodes pré- ou post-Synthétiques et testées dans la chloration du nitrobenzène et du chlorobenzène. De plus, des cristaux « géant » de ZSM-5, préparés par voie fluorure, ont été évalués dans le MTO.La corrélation directe entre l’activité catalytique et les propriétés intrinsèques des zéolithes a permis de souligner les propriétés indispensables à chaque réactions. / Zeolites are aluminosilicate catalysts of great importance for the chemical industries. Their unique properties, i.e., strong Brønsted acidity, high surface area, high hydrothermal stability, and shape selectivity, combined with an extensive tunability, render them the candidate of choice in various reactions. Nevertheless, often only a fraction of their potential is exploited, due to access and diffusion limitation to/in their micropores. In this field, the rational design appears as a valuable method to design new zeolite catalysts, according to their targeted application.The work described in this Thesis aims in the design of zeolites at three levels: (i) acid site by playing on the acid strength and on the accessibility, (ii) microscopic scale by adapting the crystal size and (iii) reactor level by coating zeolite crystals on different supports. These as-Prepared zeolites were evaluated in two acid-Catalyzed reactions: the aromatics chlorination and the conversion of methanol in light olefins (MTO).Hierarchical zeolites were synthesized according to several pre- or post-Synthetic modifications and evaluated in nitro- and chlorobenzene chlorinations. Besides, “giant” ZSM-5 zeolites, prepared according to fluoride-Mediated route, as well as zeolite coatings on β-SiC, were tested in the MTO reaction.Thanks to a direct correlation between catalytic activities and intrinsic properties, optimal catalyst properties were highlighted in both reactions.

This study aims at understanding the decision to buy "Made in Mozambique" products, which is important for developing marketing strategy and promoting national products. To explore the factors influencing consumers' buying decisions, means-end theory and its associated methodology provide a useful framework for understanding why people buy "Made in Mozambique" rice by characterising the relationships between the attributes, consequences associated with those attributes, and the values those consequences help reinforce. Methodology: a total of 20 consumers were interviewed. It is important to mention that only rice was used in this study. The laddering interviewing technique was then used to link these chains of meanings. Analyses and interpretation of the resulting data provide an effective complement for studying consumer purchasing motives and suggest recommendations for managerial practice and future research efforts. Summary of the study findings include: (i) Attributes: Quality, cost, national; (ii) Consequences: healthy, well-being, affordable, trust, contribution, and fulfillment; and (iii) Values: Feeling happy, longevity and self-esteem.The theoretical component of this research covers the definition and discussion of Means-end theory and consumer decision-making. / Industrial Psychology / M.A. (Industrial & Organisational Psychology)

Title: 3D analysis of immediate effect on posture of shoe with postural insoles based on Rašev and with proceptor insoles PodoAktiv® Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the immediate effect of shoe insoles with postural pelote by Rašev and shoe insoles with proceptors PodoAktiv® on the postural hold with main focus at the pelvis and shoulder. Methodology: In this thesis we examined 9 participants who agreed joining the study. To messure postural hold body segments which we have chosen, we have used the Balance® 4D device. The selected body segments were marked by white spheric stickers. To compare postural hold of selected body segments we examined the participants in altogether 4 situations. Barefoot stand, stand in shoes without insoles, stand in shoes with custom-made postural insoles based on Rašev and stand in shoes with custom-made insoles PodoAktiv® . Results: In this study we confirmed that postural insoles based on Rašev have immediate effect on the hold of pelvis and shoulders. The insoles PodoAktiv® don't show such an effect on the hold of those segments we have tested. The hypothesis H1 and H2 have been confirmed, hypothesis H3 and H4 have been rejected. There was not found any trend which would describe the immediate reaction of the participants (postural hold with main...

Esta pesquisa situa-se no âmbito do direito processual e toma como pressuposto identificar a existência do princípio da colaboração intersubjetiva no processo civil brasileiro, promovendo uma análise acerca da sua influência no poder geral de cautela do juiz como forma de assegurar o resultado útil do processo. Busca-se, ainda, constatar as modificações que já vêm sofrendo o ordenamento jurídico, direcionando a pesquisa para uma maior reflexão quando à finalidade do instrumento processual face à nova postura colaboradora do juiz. Trata-se também de um estudo crítico a respeito da problemática do tempo e formalismo jurídico acentuado no âmbito da relação jurídica processual, que dificultam o exercício de uma prestação jurisdicional mais célere e eficiente. A obtenção de resultados efetivos e a materialização justa dos direitos são fins do processo que devem ser perseguidos pelas partes, serventuários, peritos, intérpretes e juízes refletindo a influência do princípio da colaboração intersubjetiva marcado por atitudes discricionárias do juiz no processo e que, implicitamente, já pode ser identificado em vários dispositivos do nosso Código de Processo Civil. O combate às práticas abusivas, à morosidade da prestação jurisdicional possibilitando a aplicação eficiente desta como expressão do princípio da colaboração e do ativismo do judiciário é o que propõe este trabalho de pesquisa / This search is on the scope of procedural law and takes as assumption identify the existence of the principle of collaboration intersubjective in civil procedure Brazil, promoting an analysis about its influence on the general power of caution of the judge as a way to ensure the outcome of the process useful. Search is still, see the changes that are already suffering the legal system, directing the search for greater consideration when the purpose of the procedural tool on the new cooperative attitude of the judge. It is also a critical study regarding the issue of time and legal formalism sharp under the legal relationship procedure, which impede the exercise of a provision court faster and efficient. The achievement of results and effective materialization of the rights are just ends of the process to be pursued by the parties, servers, experts, interpreters and judges reflecting the influence of the principle of collaboration intersubjective, Marked by discretionary attitude of the judge in the process and that, implicitly, can already be identified in several devices of our Code of Civil Procedure. The fight against abusive practices, the length of the court provision enabling efficient implementation of this as an expression of the principle of collaboration and the activism of the judiciary is proposing that this work of research

A proposta desta dissertação é a análise teórica do artigo 5, inciso LXXVIII, da Constituição Federal de 1988, conhecido como Direito Fundamental à Duração Razoável do Processo, ou Direito ao Processo sem Dilações Indevidas. O estudo é construído sob método hermenêutico-dialético, com enfoque no Direito Processual que tem assento constitucional. A problemática é centrada historicamente e desenvolvida no cenário da Reforma do Poder Judiciário implementada pela Emenda Constitucional n45/04, bem como, dentro do contexto de confronto entre os paradigmas procedimentalista e substancialista que definem, segundo os discursos de aplicação e justificação, o papel da magistratura no Estado constitucional e democrático de direito. A hipótese é a de que a inserção do direito à Duração Razoável do Processo no núcleo fundamental do texto constitucional dá a ele, tanto do ponto de vista formal quanto material, natureza jurídica de Direito Fundamental, com eficácia plena e imediata, embora não tenha a aptidão para interferir na marcha dos processos, abreviando-lhe o tempo de duração. Este trabalho demonstra, ainda, que algumas das premissas sobre as quais o tema da morosidade da prestação jurisdicional se desenvolve na atualidade são falsas, porquanto não se prestem a uma abordagem científica e, principalmente, por se mostrarem inócuas a solucionar o problema. Reconhecendo a relatividade e abstração conceitual dos direitos fundamentais em geral, esta dissertação estabelece uma definição operacional dos termos Duração Razoável do Processo, levando em consideração e discutindo as diversas óticas dos atores da relação processual. Com sua jusfundamentalidade, a Duração Razoável do Processo vem, em uma abordagem interdisciplinar, colocar-se em cotejo com outros temas da Ciência Jurídica, questionando acerca de sua judiciabilidade, reacendendo a problemática dos critérios de legitimação para o exercício do Poder jurisdicional no direito brasileiro, do papel do magistrado na concretização dos direitos materiais e, por conseguinte, a conscientização acerca dos efeitos concretos das decisões judiciais. Visa, também, fazer o Direito Fundamental à Duração Razoável do Processo iluminar o tema da Teoria geral da responsabilidade civil do Estado e do magistrado em decorrência da dilação indevida do tempo de duração dos processos judiciais, analisando as hipóteses em que tal fato se dá por negligência ou desídia na condução do processo, tendo em vista o texto que resultou na Proposta de Emenda Constitucional paralela após a promulgação da Emenda Constitucional n45/04. Também serão estudadas as titularidades ativa e passiva do Direito Fundamental à Duração Razoável do Processo, como conseqüência de sua eficácia vertical, contra o Estado e, horizontal, referente à eficácia dos direitos fundamentais entre particulares - que se operam, no caso do direito em estudo, entre as partes da relação processual - quando litigam em processo que se desenvolveu em lapso de tempo além do que razoavelmente se esperava. / The purpose of this dissertation is to theoretically analyze article 5, LXXVIII of the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988, known as the Fundamental Right to the Reasonable Duration of the Lawsuit, or the right to a lawsuit without unneeded dilations. This study is constructed through a dialectic hermeneutical process, aiming Procedural Law which has constitutional foundation. The problematic is centered historically and is developed during the 45th Constitutional Amendment scenario, within the procedimentalist and substantialist paradigmatic conflict, who define the part that should be played by the magistrate in the Constitutional State of Law. The hypothesis is of which the insertion of the Fundamental Right to the Reasonable Duration of the Lawsuit in the hard core of constitutional text gives it, through a material and formal points of view, legal characteristics of fundamental right, with immediate and complete efficacy, even thought it does not have aptitude to interfere in the procedural march, reducing their time span. It also demonstrates that many assumptions under which the jurisdictional response delay problem are untrue, because they are not scientific approaches of the problem or have shown themselves unable to solve the problem. Recognizing the relativity of its concept and theoretical abstractions of the Fundamental Right, firm an concept of the terms Right to the Reasonable Duration of the Lawsuit are made, taking into consideration the many view points of the actors in its relation. With its iusfundamentality, the Right to the Reasonable Duration of the Lawsuit puts itself through an interdisciplinary approach with other themes of the legal science, questioning the doubts of its judiciality, bringing back to focus the problem of the criteria of legitimation of the jurisdictional power in Brazilian law, the role of the magistrate in the realization of rights, and the realization of the material effects of the judicial decisions. Also as an objective, making the Fundamental Right to the Reasonable Duration of the Lawsuit shine its theme of the civil responsibility of the state and magistrate due to the unlawful time dilation of the judicial lawsuits, due to negligence or disdain in the conduction of the lawsuit, having in mind the text that resulted from the parallel amendment after the promulgation of the 45th amendment to the Constitution of Brazil. The active and passive entitlement of the Fundamental Right to the Reasonable Duration of the Lawsuit will also be studied, as will be the consequences of its vertical efficiency against the state, and horizontally, as a reflection of the fundamental rights between particulars- which operates, in the case of the right studied, between the poles of the procedural relationship whose time gap has grown beyond what is reasonably expected.