Pigeons were trained on a zero-delay identity match-to-sample task. Experiment 1 started with every correct match reinforced with grain access and subsequent conditions include higher fixed-ratio values. Experiment 2 included the same fixed-ratio values as experiment 1 with and without a limited hold (LH) on the opportunity to select a comparison stimulus. Prior research suggested that trials after reinforcement would have an increased likelihood of error, and that these errors would be reduced in LH conditions. Results confirmed this expected error pattern and in most LH conditions errors were reduced early in the ratio.

Twenty-six participants, divided into three groups, learned to relate English words to Czech and Portuguese words in a matching-to-sample procedure. Half the word pairs were learned using English words as samples and foreign words as corresponding comparisons and the other half were learned with the foreign words serving as samples and English words as corresponding comparisons. The only difference in training across the three groups involved a programmed delay between the removal of the sample stimulus and the presentation of comparison stimuli. For Group 0, Group 2, and Group 8, the programmed delay values between sample offset and comparison onset were 0 s, 2 s, and 8 s, respectively. Test trials assessed the extent to which the conditional discriminations established during training had become reversible or the extent to which the effects of learning had transferred to a new situation. The results suggest that the likelihood of transfer was greatest for the group that learned the task with the largest delay (i.e., an 8 s delay between sample offset and comparison onset).

Fluent performance has been described as the retention, endurance, stability, and application of the material learned. Fluent performers not only respond quickly during training, they also make many correct responses during training. The current study used a within-subject design to analyze the effects of increased response rates on Retention, Endurance, Stability, and Application tests. Number of correct responses and number of unprompted, correct responses in error correction procedures were yoked for individual participants across an Accuracy-plus-Rate training condition and an Accuracy-Only training condition. One participant scored better in tests that followed the Accuracy-Only condition. One participant showed results that slightly favor the Accuracy-plus-Rate training condition. The two participants whose response rates were successfully reduced in the Accuracy-Only condition performed better on all tests that followed the Accuracy-plus-Rate condition.

Despite the central importance of conditional discriminations to the derivation of equivalence relations, there is little research relating the dynamics of conditional discrimination learning to the derivation of equivalence relations. Prior research has shown that conditional discriminations with simple sample and comparison stimuli are acquired faster than conditional discriminations with complex sample and comparison stimuli. This study attempted to replicate these earlier results and extend them by attempting to relate conditional discrimination learning to equivalence relations. Each of four adult humans learned four, four-choice conditional discriminations (simple-simple, simple-complex, complex-simple, and complex-complex) and were tested to see if equivalence relations had developed. The results confirm earlier findings showing acquisition to be facilitated with simple stimuli and retarded with complex stimuli. There was no difference in outcomes on equivalence tests, however. The results are in implicit agreement with Sidman's theory of stimulus equivalence.

The purpose of this study is to examine the organization Swedish Match and their nicotine brand ZYN. Swedish Match is a firm that develops, manufactures and sells “snus” and other similar products. The organization and the brand will be examined from a communicative standpoint where we will look into how the organization uses communication, how they form an identity around the organization and their brand, and whether their audience has the same perception as the one Swedish Match intended. The theoretical perspectives that are used in this study is Communicative Actions, Legitimacy in Organizations and Organizational Culture (Values and Vision).  The study has been performed through a multi-method approach with both qualitative and quantitative methods. The research approach of the study is inductive. The analysis is based on primary data that has been collected through a semi-structured interview and a survey. The results showed that while the consumers who participated in the studie are familiar with the brand ZYN they did not have the exact same image of the brand as the organization planned, however it was mostly positive and mainly similar. The differences showed in the analysis of which part of ZYNs external communication that can be interperted as unethical and not satisfactory informative. Furthermore the analysis shows that Swedish Match can be named a legitimate organization in terms of the theoretical framework and that their communicative strategy and marketing efforts are successful seeing that the consumers have a mostly positive reception.

Title: Analysis of distance and speed characteristics of performance of floorball players during competition and comparison of performance with other team sport players Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to measure the distance and speed characteristics during the performance of floorball players playing a competitive match. The obtained data are compared with the results of studies measuring the same parameters in futsal and handball matches. Methods: GPS technology, Apex 10 Hz chips together with StatSport software for evaluation of measured data were used to obtain the necessary data. Results: The average distance covered by a floorball player during a match was 4745.40 m. The longest distance was covered by the middle strikers, while the shortest distance was covered by the wing strikers. The most represented running intensity was slow running (1-3 m/s) and the least represented was maximum intensity running (>7 m/s). On average, a player performed 13 sprints during a match, with sprint lengths ranging from 10.21 - 11.68 m and durations of said sprints ranging from 1.91 - 2.14 s. It was decided that futsal players achieve to run the longest distance, the second longest distance was managed by floorball players and the shortest distance was accomplished by handball players. Keywords:...

This thesis focuses on algorithms for longest prefix match (LPM), which is the key operation in packet classification and routing in TCP/IP networks. A space for analysis of commonly used algorithms with emphasis on their speed and memory efficiency is dedicated along with necessary theory. Focus is then oriented on IPv6 networks, their typical prefix sets and comparison of suitable algorithms. Afterwards, the optimization for selected algorithm is suggested and implemented in programming language Python.

This work deals with network devices designed for packet routing in small networks. It's focused on two particular devices with ARM processor. There is detailed description of an instalation of OpenWRT operating system to this devices. Next, there are results of tests of routing performance of these and some other selected devices and tests of performance of alogorithms used in network security. A module for OpenWRT operating system for pattern-matching in network traffic is also part of the work.

The speed of computer network is increasing. One of the basic tasks which has to be solved by the network devices is longest prefix match. Many algorithms are able to solve this task but it's necessary to solve it very fast because of increasing transfer speed and the routing standard IPv6. This standard has longer addresses and it's necessary to search prefixes in much bigger sets. The thesis describes present algorithms that solve the problem. These are confronted with new algorithm HashTreeBitmap which is also described in the work. On the tests is documented that this algorithm is able to cope with high demands which are placed on it.

Ontologies are heavily used in life sciences so that there is increasing value to match different ontologies in order to determine related conceptual categories. We propose a simple yet powerful methodology for instance-based ontology matching which utilizes the associations between molecular-biological objects and ontologies. The approach can build on many existing ontology associations for instance objects like sequences and proteins and thus makes heavy use of available domain knowledge. Furthermore, the approach is flexible and extensible since each instance source with associations to the ontologies of interest can contribute to the ontology mapping. We study several approaches to determine the instance-based similarity of ontology categories. We perform an extensive experimental evaluation to use protein associations for different species to match between subontologies of the Gene Ontology and OMIM. We also provide a comparison with metadata-based ontology matching.