Le rôle des entraîneurs pendant le match au sein du football de jeunes de haut niveau fait débat. En effet, au sein de la littérature scientifique, le sens, les procédures et les processus psychologiques sous-jacents, ainsi que l’efficacité des communications des entraîneurs en situation de match ne sont pas clairement analysés dans toute leur richesse. Notre travail questionne l’intersubjectivité au sein des communications entraîneurs joueurs pendant les matchs. Nous avons dégagé les savoirs d’action mis en œuvre par les entraîneurs pour communiquer et transformer la pratique des joueurs. Nous avons étudié deux types de phases de jeu à savoir, les phases de jeu en mouvement de transition et les phases arrêtées, à travers une approche multiméthodes (observations et entretiens) lors d’études de cas. Notre étude est centrée sur une méthode de triangulation de données qui met en avant le vécu subjectif des acteurs. Les résultats montrent que plusieurs niveaux de contexte structurent la subjectivité des acteurs et le processus d’intersubjectivité lors des communications entraîneurs joueurs. Dans ces deux types de phases de jeu, des styles de communications se sont dégagés et nous avons pu déterminer des indicateurs pertinents relevés par les entraîneurs à propos de l’intersubjectivité, ainsi que des récurrences de fonctionnement. Nous avons mis en exergue les processus psychologiques mis en œuvre par les joueurs pour mieux comprendre comment ils perçoivent les consignes et leur sens. Nos résultats catégorisent trois temporalités de construction de l’intersubjectivité au regard des communications entraîneurs joueurs en situation de match de football. / The role of coaches during top youth league football games is an issue which is discussed.Indeed, through the scientific literature that we have examined, the sense, the procedures and the underlying psychological processes, as well as the efficiency of coaches ' communications during a game has not been clearly analyzed in all their wealth.Our work questions intersubjectivity within the communications between players and coaches during high-level youth games. We cleared the implemented knowledges of action by the coahes to communicate and improve the players' practice. We have studied two types of game phases, namely the phases when players perform transition moves, and phases when they are not in movement, through an approach multimethods (observations and interviews) during case studies. Our study is centered on data triangulation that highlights the subjective perception of the actors. The results show that several levels of context structure the subjectivity of the actors and intersubjectivity process during communicative exchanges between coaches and players. In these two types of game phases, distinctive communication styles have emerged and we were able to identify relevant indicators reported by coaches regarding intersubjectivity, also we determined réccurences of functioning. We highlighted the players' psychological processes so as to better understand how they perceive instructions and how these make sense to them. Our results categorize three temporalities of construction of intersubjectivity in relation to communications in a football game situation between coaches and players.

This study examined the relationships between graduate student gender, advisor-advisee gender match, advisor selection methods, graduate student satisfaction with advising, overall satisfaction with graduate/professional programs, health and well-being. Graduate Student Experience in the Research University (GradSERU) public-use data collected from Purdue University and the administrative records of the 2019 Purdue University Graduate School were used in the study. A series of simple linear regression analysis in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 26.0 and RStudio version 3.6.2, were used for all data analysis. Male graduate students reported significantly higher health and well-being scores than their female counterparts. The relationship between advisor-advisee gender match, satisfaction with advising, and overall satisfaction were found non-significant in this particular sample. Advisor selection method was a significant factor in graduate student satisfaction, health, and well-being. Implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research are discussed.

QC 2011021

Youth soccer players are required to play multiple matches within a short period of time. Participation in congested match schedules like youth soccer tournaments can result in fatigue and a decline in physical performance. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in countermovement jump height variables and sprint time to determine if physical performance was altered. Fourteen youth female soccer players performed countermovement jump testing pre, post-match, and post-tournament, and sprint testing pre and post-tournament. Jump height differed significantly (p

TitelMarknadsföringsaktiviteter på Instagram - En kvantitativ studie om hur varumärkesattityd påverkas av företags samarbeten med influencers på sociala medier. NivåC-uppsats i ämnet Företagsekonomi. FörfattareFelicia Johnsén & Wintana Habte Gimariam HandledareJonas Molin & Lars-Johan Åge. Datum2021 – juni SyfteStudiens syfte är att undersöka hur varumärkesattityd påverkas av den upplevda attraktiviteten hos influencers när de utför samarbeten med företag. MetodDenna studie tillämpar en kvantitativ metod med en tvärsnittsstudie. Studiens datainsamling har utförts med en online enkätundersökning. Den baserades på 79 godtagbara svar från Instagram användare som följer en eller flera influencers. Enkätsvaren har analyserats genom IBM SPSS Statistics och Excel. Därefter har en deskriptiv analys samt en korrelationsanalys gjorts för att tolka studiens resultat. Resultat & SlutsatsResultatet av denna studie visar att attraktiva egenskaper påverkar varumärkesattityd mer än fysisk attraktivitet. Studiens resultat visar även innebörden av att välja en passande influencer till varumärket för ett företags framgång. Förslag till vidare forskningDenna studie föreslår bland annat att genomföra två kvalitativa studier där ena lyfter frågan om fysisk attraktivitet har blivit tabu att tala om och den andra kan utföra samma studie som denna, men med intervjuer som datainsamlingsmetod. Andra förslag till vidare forskning är att undersöka olika generationer och begränsa urvalet efter könsfördelning, exempelvis endast kvinnor. Uppsatsens bidragStudiens bidrag är att attraktiva egenskaper hos influencers påverkar konsumenter mer än deras fysiska attraktivitet. Det är även viktigt för företag att välja en passandeinfluencer till sitt varumärke för att främja positiva attityder gentemot varumärket. NyckelordInfluencer, Influencer marketing, Instagram, Product Match-up. Source Attractiveness, Source Credibility, Varumärkesattityd. / TitleMarketing activities on Instagram - A quantitative study of how brand attitude is affected by companies colloborations with influencers on social media. LevelFinal assignment for Bachelor Degree in Business Administration. AuthorsFelicia Johnsén & Wintana Habte Gimariam. SupervisorsJonas Molin & Lars-Johan Åge. Date2021 – june AimThe purpose of the study is to investigate how brand attitude is affected by the perceived attractiveness of influencers when they do collaborations with brands. MethodThis study applies a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study. The study's data collection was conducted with an online survey. It was based on 79 acceptable responses from Instagram users who follow one or more influencers. The survey results have been analyzed through IBM SPSS Statistics and Excel. Subsequently, a descriptive analysis and a correlation analysis were performed to interpret the study results. Result & ConclusionThe results of this study show that attractive properties affect brand attitude more than physical attractiveness. The results of the study also show that the meaning of choosing the right influencer for the right brand is important for a company's success. Suggestions for future researchThis study proposes, among other things, to conduct two qualitative studies where one raises the issue of physical attractiveness has become taboo to talk about and the other can perform the same study as this, but with interviews as a data collection method. Other proposals for further research are to examine different generations and limit the selection by gender distribution, for example only women. Contribution of the thesisThe study's contribution is that attractive characteristics of influencers affect consumers more than their physical attractiveness. It is also important for companies to choose a suitable influencer for their brand in order to promote positive attitudes towards the brand. Key wordsBrand attitude, Influencer, Influencer Marketing, Instagram, Product Match-up, Source Attractiveness, Source Credibility.

Title: Monitoring the frequency of set in the practice and before the match. The diploma thesis focuses on monitoring the activities of coaches in the performance and top categories. The subsequent comparison of the results was based on the answers from the questionnaire survey. The questionnaire has ten questions in Czech and English, which are focused on the topic. The evaluation was depicked in graphs, which are supplemented by a verbal evaluation. Of the four hypotheses developed, three were confirmed and one was not. The overall comparison turned out to be that foreign coaches pay more attention to the setting, either in the training unit or before the match. Then the licensed trainers and / or the trained trainers pay attention to the setting in the same way, and the priority parameter for creating a training unit is mostly the setting. Keywords: set, beachvolleyball, practice, warm up before match

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Extensive research into women's collegiate soccer is scarce, leaving gaps in the literature with little information available detailing the physical demands at different standards of play. Our purpose was to elucidate the physical demands of the Division I collegiate level and identify differences between playing positions. Twenty-three field players were observed during four competitive seasons using 10-Hz GPS units (Catapult Sports, Melbourne, Australia). Descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals were used to determine group and position-specific physical demands. Linear mixed modelling (LMM) was used to compare attacker, midfielder, and defender position groups. Total distance, high-speed distance, and sprint distance were 9486 ± 300 m, 1014 ± 118 m, and 428 ± 70 m, respectively. Furthermore, attackers were observed to cover the greatest distance at all speeds compared to midfielders and defenders. Our findings suggest that the physical demands of Division I women's soccer differ by position and appear lower compared to higher standards of play. Therefore, coaches and sports scientists responsible for the physical training of Division I collegiate players should consider the specific physical demands of the collegiate level and playing position when prescribing training, as well as in the development of their annual training programs.

I den här studien har Swedish Matchs marknadsföring av produktlinjen ZYN undersökts, med fokus på marknadsföring genom gratisprover. Då produktkategorin nikotinpåsar inte regleras av Lag (2018:2088) om tobak och liknande produkter har Swedish Match helt andra möjligheter att marknadsföra ZYN än företagets tobaksprodukter. Syftet med studien var att undersöka fenomenet utifrån den teoretiska modellen Tri-component attitude model och undersöka hur gratisprover påverkar konsumenters attityd och framtida köpbeteende. Undersökningen genomfördes genom en kvantitativ metod där en elektronisk webbenkät skickades ut som gav 185 svar. Resultatet visade att gratisprovet inte hade någon effekt på den kognitiva delen, men den affektiva delen av attitydskapandet. Vidare visade resultatet att gratisprovet faktiskt hade en effekt på framtida konsumentbeteende. Slutsatserna som drogs i studien var att Tri-component attitude model inte var rätt teori för att studera fenomenet, att det gratisprovet påverkade den affektiva delen, men inte den kogntiva delen. Det resultatet bör dock ses som en indikator, och inte som en vetenskaplig sanning på grund av implikationer med vald teori och metod. Slutsatsen drogs också att det finns ett orsak-verkan samband mellan gratisprovet och framtida konsumentbeteende.

Bakgrund Fotboll är Sveriges populäraste sport och har över en halv miljon utövare. Det står för en tredjedel av hela den svenska idrottsrörelsen. Med ett stort antal aktiva fotbollsspelare behövs även domare. Domare har inte alltid varit en självklar del av spelet utan introducerades först när fotbollen professionaliserades. Likt fotbollsspelare, drabbas även fotbollsdomare av skador.  Syfte Syftet med studien var att undersöka skadepanorama hos fotbollsdomare. Metod  Studien genomfördes genom en retrospektiv enkätundersökning med 265 (N=265) fotbollsdomare. Resultat Totalt deltog 265 domare varav 214 män och 51 kvinnor. Totalt rapporterade 103 av 265 domare att de drabbats av skador (68 män och 23 kvinnor). Domarna drabbades främst av överbelastningsskador (80 domare) men akuta skador rapporterades också av 20 domare. Smygande debut var den vanligaste skademekanismen men muskelsträckning och muskelbristning rapporterades också. Domare drabbades främst av skador i nedre extremitet såsom hamstrings, vader, knän. Det fanns ingen signifikant skillnad mellan typ av skador i förhållande till nivån som domaren dömer. Både domare och assisterande domare drabbades i samma utsträckning av skador och hade samma skadelokalisation. Diskussion Vid retrospektiva undersökningar finns svårigheter att återge skador som har hänt bakåt i tiden. Val av annan undersökningsmetod hade därför kunnat tydliggöra och differentiera de skador som domarnas drabbas av. Konklusion Resultaten av studien är i linje med tidigare studier om skador hos fotbollsdomare. Många domare drabbas av överbelastningsskador med smygande debut främst i nedre extremitet såsom hamstring, vader och knän. Utifrån resultatet i den här studien rekommenderas utveckling, implementering och utvärdering av evidensbaserade skadeförebyggande träningsprogram såsom FIFA 11+. / Abstract Background Football is Sweden's most popular sport and has over half a million athletes. It accounts for a third of the entire Swedish sports movement. With a large number of active football players, referees are also needed. Referees have not always been an obvious part of the game but were only introduced when football was professionalized. Like football players, football referees also suffer from injuries.  Purpose  The purpose of the study was to investigate the injury panorama in football referees.  Method The study was conducted through a retrospective survey with 265 (N = 265) football referees. Results A total of 265 referees participated, of which 214 men and 51 women. A total of 103 out of 265 reported that they had suffered from injuries (68 men and 23 woman). The referees were mainly affected by overload injuries (80 referee) but acute injuries were also reported (20 referee). Gradually occurred injuries is stated as the most common injury mechanism but muscle sprain and strain were also common. Referees suffered mainly from injuries to the lower extremities such as hamstrings, calves and knees. There were no significant results between the type of injuries in relation to the level of refereeing. Both referee and assistant referee suffered from injuries to the same extent and on the same location of the body. Discussion In retrospective examinations, there are difficulties in reproducing injuries that have occurred back in time. The choice of another examination method could therefore have clarified and differentiate the referee’s injuries.  Conclusion The results of the study are in line with previously reported injury-related complaints. Many Referees were affected by overuse injuries that occurred gradually, mainly in the lower extremity. Based on the results of this study, the development, implementation and evaluation of evidence-based injury prevention training programs such as FIFA 11+ are recommended.