Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:05:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissGMA.pdf: 4202044 bytes, checksum: bea6c57857111bd0f8123ccd46b6a280 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-17 / This work presents a computer aided system for automated counting of colony formation units in Petri dishes. The method implemented uses digital image processing, and among them Hough transform for circular objects and Match for correlation with objects having different forms. The method was developed based on the visual Borland Builderr C++ environment, and for the image acquisition a luminance equalization system was used to allow stabilized and continuous 1,200 lux. For the validation of the method, samples containing Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Escherichia Coli, and Staphylococcus aureus were analyzed. Results have shown the potentiality of the methodology, which is applied for laboratory applications that involved the quantification of bacterial colonies in a solid culture environment. / Este trabalho apresenta um sistema, assistido por computador, para a contagem automática de Unidades Formadoras de Colônias bacterianas em placas de Petri. O método implementado no sistema utiliza-se de técnicas do processamento digital de imagens, dentre elas a transformada de Hough adaptada para objetos circulares e Match por correlação para objetos de natureza diversa. O sistema computacional foi desenvolvido em ambiente visual Borland Builderr C++ e para a aquisição das imagens das amostras foi elaborado um sistema de iluminação, o qual viabilizou a equalização do nível de iluminância para 1.200 lux e melhorou a formação das imagens. Para a validação do método foram ensaiadas amostras de Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Escherichia Coli e Staphylococcus aureus. Resultados mostram a potencialidade da metodologia desenvolvida para aplicações laboratoriais que envolvam a quantificação de colônias bacterianas em meios de cultivo sólido.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:53:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 471010 bytes, checksum: 907b945767585aefd7e7b2932446c533 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-24 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Ammoniacal fertilizer may favor the P solubilization from reactive phosphates (RP) due to chemical and nutritional effects in the soil-plant system. For mixtures with RP, the solubilization efficiency depends on factors such as the nitrogen source, the physical mixture form and the content of N in the fertilizer, among other factors. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilizers and mixtures forms on phosphate dissolution and on phosphorus (P) available. The experiment was carried out in Soil Department s greenhouse of Federal University of Viçosa-MG, Brazil, for 42 days. Each plot consisted of a pot with 3 dm3 of a heavy clay soil and three maize plants. The treatments consisted of mixtures of the Bayóvar reactive phosphate (By) with three nitrogen sources [urea (U), ammonium sulfate (AS) or potassium nitrate (NK)], in two physical mixtures forms (powder or granulated) and in two molar N:P proportions (1:1 or 0.5:1). It was also evaluated four additional treatments (without fertilization with P; MAP; powder By; granulated By). Resulting, therefore, in a 1 + 1 + 2 + (3 x 2 x 2) factorial scheme. The experiment was arranged in the randomized blocks design with four replicates. The fertilizer dose was estimated based on the P-rem value and the application was done in a localized manner. The ammoniacal fertilizers caused higher dissolution from phosphate, regardless of the form of mixture. Combinations with ammonium sulfate conditioned higher roots growth than pure By, By in mixtures with potassium nitrate or urea. It has also been found that mixtures of powdered BySA or granulated ByNK (ratio of 1:1) led to higher values of P acquisition than ByU or By, demonstrating the importance of the chemical effect of pH reduction on the dissolution, determined by the presence of N-NH4, and of the nutritional effect of the presence of N-NO3. In short, the mixture with N sources increased availability of P from By, even in unfavorable conditions for dissolution, especially in combination with BySA in 0,5:1 molar relation. Plants fertilized with MAP showed higher growth and nutrient uptake than plants fertilized with By or By in mixtures with N. / Fertilizantes amoniacais favorecem a solubilização de fosfatos reativos (FR) devido a efeitos químicos e nutricionais no sistema solo-planta. No caso de misturas, a eficiência da solubilização depende de fatores como a fonte de nitrogênio, a forma de mistura e o percentual de N no adubo. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de fertilizantes nitrogenados e da forma física de mistura na solubilização do fosfato reativo Bayóvar e no fósforo (P) disponível. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação do Departamento de Solos/UFV por 42 dias. Cada unidade experimental foi composta por um vaso com 3 dm3 de solo (textura muito argilosa) com três plantas de milho. Os tratamentos consistiram da mistura do fosfato reativo Bayóvar (By) com três fontes de nitrogênio [sulfato de amônio (SA), ureia (U) ou nitrato de potássio (NK)], em duas formas físicas de mistura (pó ou granulada) e em duas proporções molares N:P (1:1 ou 0,5:1). Também foram avaliados quatro tratamentos adicionais (sem fertilização com P; MAP; By em pó; By granulado), resultando, portanto, na combinação fatorial 1 + 1 + 2 + (3 x 2 x 2). O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. A dose de P foi estimada com base no valor de P-rem do solo e os fertilizantes aplicados localizadamente. Os fertilizantes amoniacais provocaram maior solubilização do fosfato, independente da forma de mistura. As combinações com o sulfato de amônio condicionaram maior crescimento de raízes quando comparadas ao By puro, By em misturas com nitrato de potássio ou com ureia. Verificou-se também que as misturas em pó do BySA ou granulada do ByNK (relação 1:1) levaram à maiores valores de aquisição de P em comparação ao By ou a ByU, demonstrando a importância do efeito químico da redução do pH na dissolução, determinado pela presença do N- NH4, e do efeito nutricional pela presença do N-NO3. Em suma, as misturas com fontes de N aumentaram a disponibilização de P a partir do By, mesmo em condições desfavoráveis à dissolução, sobretudo, em combinações com BySA na relação 0,5:1. Plantas adubadas com o MAP apresentaram valores de crescimento e absorção de nutrientes superiores aos observados com a adubação com By ou com By em misturas com N.

abstract: As urban populations grow, water managers are becoming increasingly concerned about water scarcity. Water managers once relied on developing new sources of water supply to manage scarcity but economically feasible sources of unclaimed water are now rare, leading to an increased interest in demand side management. Water managers in Las Vegas, Nevada have developed innovative demand side management strategies due to the cities rapid urbanization and limited water supply. Three questions are addressed. First, in the developed areas of the Las Vegas Valley Water District service areas, how did vegetation area change? To quantify changes in vegetation area, the Matched Filter Vegetation Index (MFVI) is developed from Mixture Tuned Match Filtering estimates of vegetation area calibrated against vegetation area estimates from high-resolution aerial photography. In the established city core, there was a small but significant decline in vegetation area. Second, how much of the observed decline in per capita consumption can be explained by Las Vegas land cover and physical infrastructure change that resulted from extensive new construction and new use of water conserving technology, and how much can be attributed to water conservation policy choices? A regression analysis is performed, followed by an analysis of three counter-factual scenarios to decompose reductions in household water into its constituent parts. The largest citywide drivers of change in water consumption were increased water efficiency associated with new construction and rapid population growth. In the established urban core, the most significant driver was declining vegetation area. Third, water savings generated by a conservation program that provides incentives for homeowners to convert grass into desert landscaping are estimated. In the city core, 82 gallons of water are saved in June for each square meter of landscape converted in the first year after conversion, but the savings attenuate to 33 gallons per meter converted as the landscape ages. Voluntary landscape conversion programs can generate substantial water savings. The most significant result is that the most effective way to ensure long term, sustainable reductions in water consumption in a growing city without changing water prices is to support the construction of water efficient infrastructure. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Sustainability 2014

Bibliotecas digitais tornaram-se uma importante fonte de informação para comunidades científicas. Entretanto, por coletar dados de diferentes fontes, surge o problema de informações ambíguas ou duplicadas de nomes de autores. Métodos tradicionais de desambiguação de nomes utilizam informação sintática de atributos. Todavia, recentemente o uso de redes de relacionamentos, que traz informação semântica, tem sido estudado em desambiguação de dados. Em desambiguação de nomes de autores, relações de co-autoria podem ser usadas para criar uma rede social, que pode ser utilizada para melhorar métodos de desambiguação de nomes de autores. Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo do impacto de adicionar análise de redes sociais a métodos de desambiguação de nomes de autores baseados em informação sintática de atributos. Nós apresentamos uma abordagem de aprendizagem de máquina baseada em Programação Genética e a utilizamos para avaliar o impacto de adicionar análise de redes sociais a desambiguação de nomes de autores. Através de experimentos usando subconjuntos de bibliotecas digitais reais, nós demonstramos que o uso de análise de redes sociais melhora de forma significativa a qualidade dos resultados. Adicionalmente, nós demonstramos que as funções de casamento criadas por nossa abordagem baseada em Programação Genética são capazes de competir com métodos do estado da arte. / Digital libraries have become an important source of information for scientific communities. However, by gathering data from different sources, the problem of duplicate and ambiguous information about author names arises. Traditional methods of name disambiguation use syntactic attribute information. However, recently the use of relationship networks, which provides semantic information, has been studied in data disambiguation. In author name disambiguation, the co-authorship relations can be used to create a social network, which can be used to improve author name disambiguation methods. This dissertation presents a study of the impact of adding social network analysis to author name disambiguation methods based on syntactic attribute information. We present a machine learning approach based on Genetic Programming and use it to evaluate the impact of social network analysis in author name disambiguation. Through experiments using subsets of real digital libraries, we show that the use of social network analysis significantly improves the quality of results. Also, we demonstrate that match functions created by our Genetic Programming approach are able to compete with state-of-the-art methods.

Cette étude a eu comme objectif l´analyse de les facteurs déterminants de la dynamique fonctionnelle du jeu de Volley-ball Masculin, en ce qui regarde le KI, au haut-niveau compétitif. Pour l'étude ont été considérées des variables adjointes à la dimension interne du jeu, relatives aux dimensions espace, temps, tâche, joueur et performance et au niveau compétitif des équipes, déterminé par le rangement de la compétition. 1698 séquences offensives ont été analyses dès le service adversaire, qui ont été réduites à 1486 pendant la réception, à 1363 pendant da distribution et à 1344 pendant l'attaque et le bloc, obtenues de 19 jeux des équipes Nationales meilleures placées au Championnat Mondial de Volley-ball Masculin de 2006. La collection de données a été obtenue par de moyens audiovisuels. L'instrument d'observation utilisé a été en obéissant aux critères de validation de construction et de contenu. L'analyse des données a inclue la statistique descriptive, par l'obtention de fréquences et de pourcentages. II a aussi été utilisé statistique déductive à travers de la régression logistique multinomial, avec le but de mesurer le possible effet prédictif des variables indépendantes sur la variable dépendante. La fiabilité intra et inter-observateur a été assurée par le recours à l'index Kappa de Cohen. Les resultats de cette étude ont montré la pratique d'un jeu hautement qualifié au KI, configuré par des actions d'excellente qualité, dès la réception jusqu'à la fin de l'attaque, ce que a produit, par conséquence, des conditions désavantageuses pour le bloc adversaire. Les résultats ont démontré que la dynamique fonctionnelle du KI est relativement stable et déterministe. Par contre, le niveau d'interférence de l'adversaire a influencé le pouvoir prédictif des dimensions d'analyse, puisque l'effet de l'attaque a été moins déterminé que l'effet de la réception, en conséquence de l'interaction élevée entre attaqueur et adversaire. La dynamique fonctionnelle du KI a démontré être déterminée par le service et, à son tour, a exercé pouvoir prédictif sur le bloc. Les équipes de niveau compétitif différent ont montré de caractéristiques distinctes au niveau de la dynamique fonctionnelle du KI et des variables adjointes au KII, en prouvant que le rangement obtenu au Championnat a distingué la qualité du jeu pratiqué. / Este estudo teve como objetivo examinar possíveis determinantes da dinâmica funcional do jogo de Voleibol Masculino, ao nível do Complexo I, no alto rendimento competitivo. Para o estudo foram consideradas variáveis adstritas à dimensão interna do jogo, relativas às dimensões espaço, tempo, tarefa, jogador e desempenho e o nível de rendimento competitivo das equipes, determinado pela classificação na competição, em estudo. Foram analisadas 1698 seqüências ofensivas a partir do saque adversário, sendo que se reduzem para 1486 durante a recepção, 1363 na ação de levantamento e para 1344 na ação do ataque e de bloqueio, retiradas de 19 jogos entre as dez Seleções Nacionais melhores classificadas no Campeonato Mundial de Voleibol Masculino de 2006. A coleta de dados foi garantida pelo sistema de vídeo. O instrumento de observação utilizado foi testado, obedecendo aos critérios de validação de construção e de conteúdo. A análise de dados comportou a estatística descritiva, pela obtenção de freqüências e percentagens, e a estatística inferencial pelo recurso à regressão logística multinomial, no sentido de medir o possível efeito preditor de variáveis independentes sobre uma variável dependente. As fiabilidades intra e interobservador foram apuradas através do recurso ao índice Kappa de Cohen. Os resultados decorrentes da amostra estudada evidenciaram a prática de um jogo altamente qualificado no Complexo I, configurado por ações de excelente qualidade desde a recepção até a finalização do ataque, o que gerou, conseqüentemente, condições desvantajosas para o bloqueio adversário. Os resultados evidenciaram que a dinâmica funcional do Complexo I é relativamente estável e determinista. Todavia, o nível de interferência do adversário influenciou o poder preditor das dimensões de análise, uma vez que o efeito do ataque foi menos determinado do que o efeito da recepção, em razão da elevada interação entre atacante e oponente. A dinâmica funcional do Complexo I mostrou ser determinada pelo saque e, por sua vez, exerceu poder preditor sobre o bloqueio. As equipes de nível de rendimento competitivo distinto evidenciaram características diferenciadas na dinâmica funcional do Complexo I e nas variáveis adstritas ao Complexo II, evidenciando que a classificação obtida no Campeonato diferenciou a qualidade do jogo praticado. / The purpose of this study was to examine possible determinants on the functional dynamics of high level men's Volleyball, in complex I. Hence, variables related to the internal dimension of the game were considered, regarding the dimensions of space, time, task, player, and performance, allied to the team's competitive level (determined by the ranking within the analyzed competition). A total of 1698 sequences from the opponent's serve were analyzed. From these, 1486 allowed serve reception, 1363 allowed setting, and 1344 culminated in attack and blocking actions. These sequences were retrieved from 19 matches between the ten best National Teams, according to their classification on the 2006 Men's World Championships. Data was recorded in video support. The observation instrument was previously tested, following criteria for construction and content validation. Data analysis consisted in descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages), and inferential statistics, namely multinomial logistic regression, with the purpose of measuring the predictive effect of independent variables upon a dependent variable. Intra- and inter-observer reliability was assessed with Cohen's Kappa. Our sample revealed a highly effective game in Complex I, configured by actions of excellent quality, from serve reception to the attack, consequently generating disadvantageous situations for the opponent's block. Results evidenced that the functional dynamics of Complex I are relatively stable and deterministic. However, the opponent's interference level has influenced the predictive power of the analysis dimensions since the attack effect was less determinant than the reception effect, due to the high interaction between attacker and opponent. The functional dynamics of Complex I are strongly determined by the serve, which, in turn, had predictive power over the blocking action. Teams from distinct performance levels have evidenced different characteristics within the functional dynamics of Complex I and related features of Complex II. Hence, the Championship's final ranking allowed differentiating the quality of the practiced game.

Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-08-22T19:40:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Péricles Silva de Oliveira.pdf: 1875380 bytes, checksum: 014ba89b7fe1929a1461c9d8d3959416 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-08-22T19:40:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Péricles Silva de Oliveira.pdf: 1875380 bytes, checksum: 014ba89b7fe1929a1461c9d8d3959416 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-08-22T19:40:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Péricles Silva de Oliveira.pdf: 1875380 bytes, checksum: 014ba89b7fe1929a1461c9d8d3959416 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-22T19:40:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Péricles Silva de Oliveira.pdf: 1875380 bytes, checksum: 014ba89b7fe1929a1461c9d8d3959416 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-28 / Several systems proposed for processing keyword queries over relational databases rely on the generation and evaluation of Candidate Networks (CNs), i.e., networks of joined database relations that, when processed as SQL queries, provide a relevant answer to the input keyword query. Although the evaluation of CNs has been extensively addressed in the literature, problems related to efficiently generating meaningful CNs have received much less attention. To generate useful CNs is necessary to automatically locating, given a handful of keywords, relations in the database that may contain relevant pieces of information, and determining suitable ways of joining these relations to satisfy the implicit information need expressed by a user when formulating her query. In this thesis, we present two main contributions related to the processing of Candidate Networks. As our first contribution, we present a novel approach for generating CNs, in which possible matchings of the query in database are efficiently enumerated at first. These query matches are then used to guide the CN generation process, avoiding the exhaustive search procedure used by current state-of-art approaches. We show that our approach allows the generation of a compact set of CNs that leads to superior quality answers, and that demands less resources in terms of processing time and memory. As our second contribution, we initially argue that the number of possible Candidate Networks that can be generated by any algorithm is usually very high, but that, in fact, only very few of them produce answers relevant to the user and are indeed worth processing. Thus, there is no point in wasting resources processing useless CNs. Then, based on such an argument, we present an algorithm for ranking CNs, based on their probability of producing relevant answers to the user. This relevance is estimated based on the current state of the underlying database using a probabilistic Bayesian model we have developed. By doing so we are able do discard a large number of CNs, ultimately leading to better results in terms of quality and performance. Our claims and proposals are supported by a comprehensive set of experiments we carried out using several query sets and datasets used in previous related work and whose results we report and analyse here. / Sem resumo.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-02-22T15:57:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 analeticiaduintavares.pdf: 3764571 bytes, checksum: 7188ba4ac445c3eec56457d272be1632 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-23T11:58:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 analeticiaduintavares.pdf: 3764571 bytes, checksum: 7188ba4ac445c3eec56457d272be1632 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-23T11:58:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 analeticiaduintavares.pdf: 3764571 bytes, checksum: 7188ba4ac445c3eec56457d272be1632 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-23T11:58:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 analeticiaduintavares.pdf: 3764571 bytes, checksum: 7188ba4ac445c3eec56457d272be1632 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-04 / O interesse em pensar uma prática pedagógica que considere o protagonismo da criança me levou a realizar a presente pesquisa que tem como objetivo compreender se e como a prática pedagógica baseada na antroposofia, em especial o papel do brincar nessa prática, possibilita o tempo-lugar de criação, negociações e o compartilhamento de significados – cultura de pares, segundo Corsaro (2009) entre as crianças na educação infantil. Decorrentes desse objetivo surgiram algumas questões: quais os princípios da Pedagogia Waldorf contribuem para a emergência da cultura de pares entre as crianças? Como se dá a mediação do professor nesse processo? Qual o papel do brincar na construção da cultura de pares no contexto da Pedagogia Waldorf? Percebi a possibilidade de compreender essas questões tecendo um diálogo entre a filosofia antroposófica, por enfatizar o aspecto integral do ser humano; a sociologia da infância, por reconhecer e valorizar a autonomia da criança e concebê-la enquanto criadora de culturas próprias e a perspectiva histórico-cultural, por trazer a dimensão cultural na constituição dos sujeitos. O diálogo estabelecido entre as três perspectivas teóricas em torno dos eixos: a natureza do ser humano, o desenvolvimento infantil e o brincar pôde ser mais aprofundado a partir da observação da prática pedagógica. Considerando que esse foi o meu ponto de partida, ou seja, o fazer pedagógico e o fato de ter o interesse em conhecer um caso particular, uma situação específica: a cultura de pares entre crianças no contexto da Pedagogia Waldorf, levando em conta seu contexto e complexidade, decidi adotar uma forma de fazer pesquisa que é o estudo de caso do tipo etnográfico. O trabalho de campo foi realizado na escola Paineira, fundamentada na Pedagogia Waldorf, situada em Juiz de Fora, no bairro São Pedro. Foram escolhidos como sujeitos da pesquisa uma professora e crianças de 3 a 6 anos (uma turma do jardim de infância). Foram utilizados como instrumentos de produção de dados: a observação participante, de acordo com os princípios da etnografia, como também fotografias dos espaços vivenciados pelas crianças. A análise das situações vividas entre as crianças no contexto da Pedagogia Waldorf me permitiu afirmar que o ritmo, considerado um dos princípios fundamentais da Educação Infantil na perspectiva antroposófica, é um elemento que favorece a emergência da cultura de pares entre as crianças. O ambiente construído no interior do ritmo, envolvendo os tipos de objetos oferecidos, a atuação da professora, os espaços utilizados, os tempos disponíveis são elementos relevantes que atuam diretamente na atividade da criança, no sentido apontado por Vygotsky, pois aquela é construída nas condições concretas de vida. / The interest in thinking a pedagogical practice that considers the principal role of the child led me to work out this research in order to understand whether and how the teaching practice based on anthroposophy, especially the importance of playing in this practice, enables time - place creation, negotiation and sharing of meanings - match culture, according to Corsaro (2009) among children in childhood education. From this goal, new questions have arisen: what are the principles of Waldorf pedagogy contribute to the emergence of the match culture among children? How the mediation of the teacher occur in this process? What is the importance of playing in the construction of match culture in the context of Waldorf pedagogy? I realized the possibility of understanding these issues establishing a dialogue between the anthroposophic philosophy, which emphasizes the integral aspect of the human being; the sociology of childhood, which recognizes and values the child's autonomy, and considers the child creative of their own cultures and historical perspective cultural, which brings the cultural dimension in the individual’s constitution. The dialogue established between the three theoretical perspectives around the themes: the nature of the human being, child development and playing could be further from the observation of teaching practice. Considering that this was my starting point, the pedagogical practice, and the interest in learning a particular case, a specific situation: a match culture among children in the context of Waldorf pedagogy, considering its context and complexity, I decided to adopt the ethnographic case study. The fieldwork took place in Paineira school, which is based on the Waldorf Pedagogy, located in Juiz de Fora. It was chosen as the research subjects a teacher and 3-6 years children (a class of kindergarten). It was used as instruments of data production: participant observation, in accordance with the principles of ethnography, as well as photographs of the spaces experienced by the children. The analysis of the situations experienced by the children, in the context of Waldorf pedagogy education, allowed me to say that the rhythm, which is considered one of the fundamental principles of early childhood education in anthroposophic perspective, is an element that favors the emergence of match culture among children. The environment built within the rhythm, involving the objects offered, the teacher’s performance, the spaces used, and times available are relevant factors that act directly on the child's activity, which is developed based on the concrete life conditions, as pointed out by Vygotsky.

Title: Loading analysis of soccer players during different form of small-side games Objectives: The main goal of thesis was analyze physiological changes of the body in various forms of small football games by selected players of the pupil category U14. To analyze was used a total of four skill games, always with the same number of players, but with a different size of the board. Next goal of research was to find which size of the pitch is the most effective for the players of this category in terms of response to physiological functions. Methods: The test group was consisted of 16 Football players aged 13-14 years old. Testing took place in two training units, in each of training units players having completed two forms of playable games with four repeating. In work is used indirect (mediated) observation because the data was recorded by using the devices. The data from the devices was subsequently processed into the result form. During the testing was used this device GPSports and sporttester "Polar RS800". Results: The results of the work inform about the physiological responses of the organism in individual forms of preparatory games and also compare one another. Based on results was found, that different size of playing table will cause both internal and external changes in the response of...

Elemental analysis can become an important piece of evidence to assist the solution of a case. The work presented in this dissertation aims to evaluate the evidential value of the elemental composition of three particular matrices: ink, paper and glass. In the first part of this study, the analytical performance of LIBS and LA-ICP-MS methods was evaluated for paper, writing inks and printing inks. A total of 350 ink specimens were examined including black and blue gel inks, ballpoint inks, inkjets and toners originating from several manufacturing sources and/or batches. The paper collection set consisted of over 200 paper specimens originating from 20 different paper sources produced by 10 different plants. Micro-homogeneity studies show smaller variation of elemental compositions within a single source (i.e., sheet, pen or cartridge) than the observed variation between different sources (i.e., brands, types, batches). Significant and detectable differences in the elemental profile of the inks and paper were observed between samples originating from different sources (discrimination of 87 – 100% of samples, depending on the sample set under investigation and the method applied). These results support the use of elemental analysis, using LA-ICP-MS and LIBS, for the examination of documents and provide additional discrimination to the currently used techniques in document examination. In the second part of this study, a direct comparison between four analytical methods (µ-XRF, solution-ICP-MS, LA-ICP-MS and LIBS) was conducted for glass analyses using interlaboratory studies. The data provided by 21 participants were used to assess the performance of the analytical methods in associating glass samples from the same source and differentiating different sources, as well as the use of different match criteria (confidence interval (±6s, ±5s, ±4s, ±3s, ±2s), modified confidence interval, t-test (sequential univariate, p=0.05 and p=0.01), t-test with Bonferroni correction (for multivariate comparisons), range overlap, and Hotelling’s T2 tests. Error rates (Type 1 and Type 2) are reported for the use of each of these match criteria and depend on the heterogeneity of the glass sources, the repeatability between analytical measurements, and the number of elements that were measured. The study provided recommendations for analytical performance-based parameters for µ-XRF and LA-ICP-MS as well as the best performing match criteria for both analytical techniques, which can be applied now by forensic glass examiners.

The representation and manipulation of visual content in a computer vision system requires a suitable abstraction of raw visual content such as pixels in an image. In this thesis, we study region-based feature representations and in particular, hierarchical segmentations because they do make no assumptions about region granularity. Hierarchical segmentations create a large feature space that increases the cost of subsequent processing in computer vision systems. We introduce a segment filter to reduce the feature space of hierarchical segmentations by identifying unique regions in the images. The filter uses appearance-based properties of the regions and the structure of the segmentation for the selection of a small set of descriptive regions. The filter works in two phases: selection with a criteria based on relative region size and a sorting based on a variational criteria. The filter is applicable to any hierarchical segmentation algorithm, in particular to bottom-up and region growing approaches. We evaluate the filter's performance against an extensive set of ground-truth regions from a dataset containing image sequences with scenes of different complexity. We demonstrate a novel region-to-region image matching approach as a possible application of our segment filter. A reduced segmentation tree is reconstructed based on the set of regions provided by the filtering. The reduction of the feature space by the segment filter simplifies our region-to-region matching approach. The correspondences between regions from two different images is established by a similarity measure. We use a modified mutual information measurement to compute the similarity of regions. The identified region correspondences are refined using the reduced segmentation tree. Our region-to-region matching approach is evaluated with an extensive set of ground-truth correspondences. This evaluation shows the large potential of both, our filtering and our matching approach.