Bakgrund: I Sverige lever mellan 30 000 och 40 000 personer med diagnosen schizofreni och varje år insjuknar mellan 1500 och 2000 personer i psykossjukdomar. Dessa personer har ofta svårigheter att klara av sin vardag och behöver därför erbjudas samordnade insatser från hälso- och sjukvården och socialtjänsten. Tidigare forskning visar att personer med psykossjukdomar upplever att de inte är tillräckligt delaktiga i sin vård och att många beslut angående vården tas utan deras inblandning. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att sammanställa och syntetisera forskning avseende personers upplevelser av delaktighet inom psykiatrisk vård vid vård för psykossjukdom. Metod: Studien är en litteraturstudie där 16 artiklar med kvalitativ design inkluderades i resultatet. Analys av data genomfördes med hjälp av Bettany-Saltikov och McSherrys metod för kvalitativ analys av litteratur. Resultat: I resultatet framkom tre kategorier med åtta underkategorier. Personernas upplevelse av delaktighet i den psykiatriska vården beskrivs i kategorierna Personlig förmåga, Maktdynamik och hierarki och Tillgänglighet. Slutsats: Maktfördelningen mellan person och vårdpersonal bör vara dynamisk och skifta beroende på omständigheter. Den psykiatriska vården bör fokusera mer på samarbete mellan personen och vårdpersonal än på läkemedelsregimen. / Background: There are between 30 000 and 40 000 persons living with Schizophrenia in Sweden and every year between 1500 and 2000 persons experience their first psychotic episode. These persons often have difficulties in coping with everyday life and are in need of multiprofessional care. Previous research shows that persons with psychotic disorders experience that they are not sufficiently involved in their care and many decisions about the care are made without their involvement.   Aim: The aim was to review and synthesize research regarding persons experiences of participation in mental health care for psychosis. Method: The current literature review study consists of 16 scientific qualitative articles which are included in the result. Analysis of data was conducted withBettany-Saltikov and MchSherrys method for qualitative litterature analysis.  Result: The result comprises three categories with eight subcategories. The experiences of participation in mental health care is described in the categories: Personal abilities, Power dynamics and Hierarchy and Availability.  Conclusion: Depending on the circumstances the distribution of power between the person and the healthcare staff should be dynamic. The mental health care should have more focus on cooperation between the person and the healthcare staff instead of drug regimen.

Background. Burnout is a syndrome which affects, particularly, employees of the so-called helping professions. It can influence quality of life and reduce job performance together with the quality of caring about clients. Thus it is not surprising that there is a tendency to prevent burnout and mitigate its symptoms. Developing mindfulness and self-compassion is one of the researched possibilities. Aims. This thesis aims to theoretically discuss and subsequently verify by research anticipated link between mindfulness, self-compassion and burnout affecting employees in Czech psychiatric hospitals and wards who work directly with their clients. Data and procedure. 160 adult respondents have filled in a demographic questionnaire, The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SZ), The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-15-CZ) and The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) in an online survey. Statistical analysis. The figures of descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated via Jamovi program. Results. The results have shown that there are significant links between mindfulness, self-compassion and the degree of burnout in case of the respondents. Limits. Only self-report questionnaires were used in the study, the respondents were chosen by self-selection, and the researcher was not...

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The mental health of healthcare workers during the Ebola outbreak in West Africa was a serious concern for healthcare professionals and the mental health field. One area in West Africa where healthcare workers played a significant role during the Ebola outbreak of 2014 and 2015 was Sierra Leone. This qualitative research study was designed to explore the perceptions of Sierra Leoneans healthcare workers' mental health, how they coped, and treatment they received while providing care for Ebola virus patients. This study, with a phenomenological research approach, used purposeful sampling to recruit 10 healthcare workers to participate in semi structured, open-ended interviews. The stress theory model and a hermeneutic phenomenology conceptual framework were used as a lens of analysis to understand the views of healthcare workers who worked directly with Ebola virus patients in Freetown, Sierra Leone. The results of the analysis of the collected data produced 9 major themes. The major themes suggest that healthcare workers experienced mental health symptoms such as depression and anxiety, personal thoughts and feelings such as insomnia, and suicidal ideation. Strategies for coping included using the Bible; and the detrimental impact included facing discrimination after the Ebola outbreak. Most of the healthcare workers blame the government for not providing adequate coping resources, which led to the personal consequence of hopelessness. This study may benefit mental health professionals working in an epidemic. Additionally, this study may contribute to social change by providing a deeper understanding of the mental health system and healthcare workers in Freetown, Sierra Leone.

The digitalization of the healthcare sector has expanded and changed how actors in a healthcare journey experience mental healthcare. One significant change is how symptom assessment is conducted, specifically the digital transformation of self-assessment tools and models. New ways of assessing symptoms elicit challenges for designers working with digital mental healthcare. Challenges exist in developing and transforming self-assessment tools to fit a digital environment. This study takes a qualitative approach to explore what challenges designers might face while working with digital self-assessment tools. The study method consists of seven open interviews where thematic analysis was used to interpret themes representing design challenges. The identified themes are immutable tools and models, limited user involvement in design, regulatory barriers and official requirements, and multiple actors in design work. The themes highlight design challenges working with self-assessment tools and are represented through data extracts and discussed with identified relevant literature. Understanding design challenges could help designers make informed decisions while working with digital self-assessment services and tools

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Sexual violence against women is not only a serious public health problem of epidemic proportions, it’s also a violation of women’s human rights. The devastating consequences of these events on women’s health have been widely documented. The overarching purpose of this thesis is therefore to explore why public healthcare facilities around the world often fail to provide victims of sexual violence with mental healthcare of good quality that is available, accessible and acceptable. In order to investigate this, the legal grounds of specialized healthcare for victims of sexual violence was documented. Secondly, an exploration of whether the Swedish healthcare system provides victims of sexual violence with access to the highest attainable standard of mental healthcare was carried out. Lastly, the history of violence against women was explored in order to identify reasons for why the right to mental healthcare often fail to work in practice for female victims of sexual violence despite apparent agreements. Also, constructive suggestions are put forth regarding what governments can do to provide victims of sexual violence with access to the highest attainable standard of mental healthcare. An interdisciplinary approach of political sociology was used to illustrate the multiple dimensions of human rights. The findings suggest that the right to mental health is an integrated part of the right to health and thus a fundamental right for all human beings. However, the results indicate that the right to mental healthcare for women who have been subjected to sexual violence is not available, accessible and of good quality within the Swedish healthcare system. The study concludes that one of the main barriers to make the right to mental healthcare accessible for this group of patients is the lack of an officially recognized name that include the many different syndromes these women suffer. Findings are discussed in relation to previous research.

Mental illnesses are the leading cause of disability in the world today, affecting nearly a billion people including 14% of the world’s adolescents. Mental illnesses include both psychiatric conditions and inconveniences and is a broad term to describe multiple different conditions in varying severity. Mental healthcare has become one of the most central focuses for the Swedish healthcare system and the need to further explore the mental healthcare system and the effectiveness of it is highly important. System dynamics and simulation modeling is a great tool in understanding the system and its behavior. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is development of a working system dynamic simulation model, that will show how the public healthcare system provides mental healthcare for depression and anxiety in Stockholm to adults. The system should be represented with relevant parameters of the real world to accurately simulate the mental healthcare infrastructure.   A literature review was conducted to gain an understanding of the structure of the system, its challenges and behavior. The literature review also included gathering of data for the model. Due to privacy concerns of the patients and regulations some of the data was not obtainable throughout the process. The unobtainable data was estimated through information from the provided literature review.    The system dynamic model was used to run various possible future scenarios. The scenarios were used to test different real-world situations and analyze the system output and behavior. The system was validated with historical data to estimate the accuracy of the model, and if the model output were in agreement with the real-world data. The system dynamic model was created in an iterative process including adding and removing parameters, stocks and flows throughout the process.   However, to further validate the simulation model and increase the accuracy, further research needs to be performed. These include interviews with experts for further validation and data gathering of parameters that is not available in the public domain but will not violate privacy or ethics of patients. The result was a system dynamic model of the mental healthcare system and structure in Stockholm. The system dynamic model showed that it keeps up with the increasing demand for mental healthcare and that primary care was the department that was the most effective in treating its patient when having additional resources. / Psykisk ohälsa är den ledande orsaken för funktionsnedsättning just nu i världen, som påverkar nära en miljard människor inkluderat 14% av världens unga människor. Psykisk hälsa är en bred term som inkluderar både psykisk ohälsa och psykiskt välbefinnande. Ordet kan användas för flera olika diagnoser och kan visas i olika allvarlighetsgradsgrader. Sjukvård för psykisk ohälsa har blivit ett av Sveriges sjukvårdssystem största fokus och behovet av att ytterligare utforska och effektivisera är essentiellt. Systemdynamiska modeller och simuleringsmodeller är ett utmärkt verktyg för att förstå ett system och dess beteende. Därför har detta examensarbete inriktat sig på att utveckla en fungerande systemdynamisk simuleringsmodell som visar hur den allmänna sjukvården tillhandahåller psykiatrisk vård för depression och ångest till vuxna i Stockholm. System ska vara representerat med relevanta parametrar från den verkliga värden och simulera sjukvårdssystemet för psykiatrisk vård och dess infrastruktur.    En litteraturöversikt genomfördes för att få en förståelse för strukturen för systemet och det innehavande utmaningar och beteende som finns. Litteraturöversikten innehöll också samlande av data för modellen. Vissa delar av den sökta data gick inte att hitta eller samla in på grund av föreskrifter eller integritetsproblem. När data inte gick att hitta gjordes istället uppskattningar genom informationen från den tidigare söka litteraturen.    Det olika scenarios skulle föreställa olika verkligen situationer som skulle kunna uppkomma, dessa analyserades sedan och systemets resultat och beteende noterades. Modellen blev också validerad genom historiska data och genom att se att modellens resultat var i linje med den verkliga världens data. Systemdynamiska modellen blev genom iterationer förbättrad och efter valideringen konstruerades scenarion.   Dock, för att kunna lita på resultatet behövs ytterligare forskning göras. För att ytterligare validera systemet behövs intervjuer från experter inkluderas samt att ytterligare data behöver implementeras speciellt för den data som inte gick att erhålla genom offentliga handlingar och databaser. Den sista versionen av modellen var skapade genom iterationer av att addera och ta bort parametrar, flöden och lager. Resultatet var en systemdynamisk modell av den psykiatriska vården och strukturen i Stockholm. Modellen visade att även med ökad efterfrågan klarade systemet detta och att primärvården var den mest effektiva vårdgivaren för att ge vård till patienterna när extra resurser tillsattes.

Registered counsellors were regarded as part of the solution to the ever-increasing void in mental healthcare and were acknowledged by the South African government over a decade ago. Some challenges have however arisen regarding the implementing of their vocations in the community, that impact service delivery as well as career satisfaction of registered counsellors, but limited information is available in terms of the exploration of the perceptions of registered counsellors regarding their role in the South African context. This study focused on exploring how registered counsellors perceive their role in South Africa and describing these perceptions. This research is important because little is known about the perceptions of registered counsellors and their experience of their role in the South African context. The research was conducted in Johannesburg and Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa. 12 participants (one man and 11 women) volunteered to be part of the research. The size of the sample was not predetermined, but was rather based on data saturation. The participants were purposefully selected on the basis of having acquired the registration of registered counsellor with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Data was collected through conducting semi-structured interviews with all the participants. An interview schedule was used to facilitate the interview process for consistency in the interviews. Thematic analysis was utilised to delineate different themes. To ensure the trustworthiness of the research process, the guidelines suggested by Lincoln and Guba (1985) were followed. The current researcher found that the registered counsellors experienced conflicting perceptions of their role in South Africa. They felt that their role was a necessary and important one in South Africa and in the context of the development of mental healthcare in South Africa. However, some negative feelings were also expressed as they experienced uncertainty regarding their role in the profession as well as the changing scope of practice for registered counsellors in South Africa. Additional negative perceptions were associated with a lack of acknowledgement of their role by other mental healthcare professionals and some ignorance from the public regarding the work of registered counsellors. To promote adequate mental healthcare in South Africa, mental health professionals such as registered counsellors are particularly important. But what appears to be the uncertainty and a lack of information related to the role of registered counsellors, has impacted negatively on their perception of their role in South Africa and, as a result, many individuals do not work in the professional mental healthcare field. It is recommended that the perception of the registered counsellors be acknowledged and taken into consideration to further the development of mental healthcare and treatment for mental health difficulties within the South African context. / MA (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

Registered counsellors were regarded as part of the solution to the ever-increasing void in mental healthcare and were acknowledged by the South African government over a decade ago. Some challenges have however arisen regarding the implementing of their vocations in the community, that impact service delivery as well as career satisfaction of registered counsellors, but limited information is available in terms of the exploration of the perceptions of registered counsellors regarding their role in the South African context. This study focused on exploring how registered counsellors perceive their role in South Africa and describing these perceptions. This research is important because little is known about the perceptions of registered counsellors and their experience of their role in the South African context. The research was conducted in Johannesburg and Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa. 12 participants (one man and 11 women) volunteered to be part of the research. The size of the sample was not predetermined, but was rather based on data saturation. The participants were purposefully selected on the basis of having acquired the registration of registered counsellor with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Data was collected through conducting semi-structured interviews with all the participants. An interview schedule was used to facilitate the interview process for consistency in the interviews. Thematic analysis was utilised to delineate different themes. To ensure the trustworthiness of the research process, the guidelines suggested by Lincoln and Guba (1985) were followed. The current researcher found that the registered counsellors experienced conflicting perceptions of their role in South Africa. They felt that their role was a necessary and important one in South Africa and in the context of the development of mental healthcare in South Africa. However, some negative feelings were also expressed as they experienced uncertainty regarding their role in the profession as well as the changing scope of practice for registered counsellors in South Africa. Additional negative perceptions were associated with a lack of acknowledgement of their role by other mental healthcare professionals and some ignorance from the public regarding the work of registered counsellors. To promote adequate mental healthcare in South Africa, mental health professionals such as registered counsellors are particularly important. But what appears to be the uncertainty and a lack of information related to the role of registered counsellors, has impacted negatively on their perception of their role in South Africa and, as a result, many individuals do not work in the professional mental healthcare field. It is recommended that the perception of the registered counsellors be acknowledged and taken into consideration to further the development of mental healthcare and treatment for mental health difficulties within the South African context. / MA (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014