[pt] Nos dias de hoje, são cada vez maiores as implicações de filtragem digital de sinais. Diversos tipos de algoritmos e de estruturas de filtros digitais, além de implementações por hardware tem sido desenvolvidos. A implementação de filtros tem sido bastante simplificada através do uso de microprocessadores; no entanto, as implementações atuais por hardware são limitados em estruturas ou ordem ou ambos. Este trabalho propõe uma arquitetura de um microcomputador que permite a implementação de filtros digitais programáveis (em estrutura, coeficientes e ordem). Também é mostrado que apenas um pequeno set de instruções é necessário e que não há limitações quanto à estrutura do filtro. / [en] Work on digital filtering of signals has been continuously increasing and the literature presents several algorithms and structures, besides hardware implementations. Filter implementation has been greathy simplified by using microprocessors; nevertheless present filter hardware is limited in structure or order or both. This work proposes a microcomputer architecture which allows the implementation of programmable (in structure coeficients and order) digital filters. It is also shown that only a small set of instructions is needed and that there is no limitation on the filter structure.

[pt] O presente trabalho descreve o projeto de um terminal de vídeo gráfico/alfanumérico que utiliza um microprocessador. Primeiramente procura-se dar uma visão geral das técnicas utilizadas para a geração de gráficos. Segue-se uma descrição em blocos terminal. Alguns detalhes do hardware e o software, são descritos em seguida. (Os esquemas elétricos e a listagem são fornecidos em apêndice). No tocante ao software, foram destacados na descrição os pontos que facilitassem o seu uso em futuros desenvolvidos. Como por exemplo de aplicação, implementou- se um programa traçador de retas e um outro para edição de textos. Um protótipo do terminal foi montado e está funcionando no laboratório. / [en] This work describes the design of a graphic/alphanumeric terminal using a microprocessor. Firstly is given an overview of techniques used in graphic generation, wich is followed by the blck description of the terminal. Some hardware details and the software are explained afterwards. (The circuit diagrams and the code list appear in the final part). In respect to the software our main purpose was to turn it useful for further developments. As an application, a program for line generation and another ane for text edition were implemented. A prototype of the terminal was assembled and it is working at the university lab.

[pt] O presente trabalho trata do projeto de um sistema de processamento de pequeno porte, cuja via de comunicação entre as unidades tem um funcionamento semelhante à barra tipo unibus. A unidade central de processamento foi projetada em torno do microprocessador Intel 8080; este está interligado à barra única (UNIBUS), um sistema de arbitragem, uma lógica de interrupção e de sincronismos. Uma das características da estrutura é que certos dispositivos podem obter o controle da barra comunicando- se com outro dispositivo numa relação Mestre-Escravo (dispositivo controlador-dispositivo controlado). A configuração inicial é constituída de uma unidade dupla de disco flexível, uma unidade dupla de fita cassete, um teletipo, além da UCP. / [en] This work deals with the problem of designing a small size processing system such that the communication link among peripherals emulates a Unibus bar. The central processing unit desing was based on an Intel 8080 microprocessor and all the hardware needed for priority scheduling and interrupt handling is provided. Ono of the features of the system is that some devices can control the bar when linked to another device in a master-slave fashion. The initial configuration comprises a dual floppy disk unit, a dual cassette unit, a teletype and the CPU.

Abstract Building an embedded system from an idea to a product is a slow and expensive process requiring a lot of expertise. Depending on the developer’s expertise, the required quantity and price level of the final product, and the time and money available for development, the developer can build a device from different granularity of components, ranging from ready-made platforms, kits, and modules to individual components. Generally, solutions requiring less expertise, time and money produce products with higher production costs. The main contribution of this thesis is the EOC (Embedded Object Concept) and Atomi II Framework. EOC utilizes common object-oriented methods used in software by applying them to small electronic modules, which create complete functional entities. The conceptual idea of the embedded objects is implemented with the Atomi II framework, which contains several techniques for making the EOC a commercially feasible implementation. The EOC and the Atomi II Framework decreases the difficulty level of making embedded systems by enabling a use of ready-made modules to build systems. It enables automatic conversion of a device made from such modules into an integrated PCB, lowering production costs compared to other modular approaches. Furthermore, it also enables an automatic production tester generation due to its modularity. These properties lower the number of skills required for building an embedded system and quicken the path from an idea to a commercially applicable device. A developer can also build custom modules of his own if he possesses the required expertise. The test cases demonstrate the Atomi II Framework techniques in real world applications, and demonstrate the capabilities of Atomi objects. According to our test cases and estimations, an Atomi based device becomes approximately 10% more expensive than a device built from individual components, but saves up to 50% time, making it feasible to manufacture up to 10-50k quantities with this approach.

Magister Scientiae - MSc / Computer architecture and assembly language programming microprocessor execution are basic courses taught in every computer science department. Generally, however, students have difficulties in mastering many of the concepts in the courses, particularly students whose first language is not English. In addition to their difficulties in understanding the purpose of given instructions, students struggle to mentally visualize the data movement, control and processing operations. To address this problem, this research proposed a graphical visualization approach and investigated the visual illustrations of such concepts and instruction execution by implementing a graphical visualization simulator as a teaching aid. The graphical simulator developed during the course of this research was applied in a computer architecture course at Kabul University, Afghanistan. Results obtained from student evaluation of the simulator show significant levels of success using the visual simulation teaching aid. The results showed that improved learning was achieved, suggesting that this approach could be useful in other computer science departments in Afghanistan, and elsewhere where similar challenges are experienced. / South Africa

This thesis solves the development of Power Line Monitor. The thesis also describes the specific implementation of hardware, software and results.

In essence, this master’s thesis focuses on search and project on optimal electrical scheme, which will substitute for digital oscilloscope function. The thesis consist of three parts, first part is about problems associated with oscilloscope signal sampling and data bus descriptions, second part where are selected particular circuits, electrical scheme, eventually shown different options which could be used. Third part consists of software function description developed for controlling microprocessor. In choosing of analog devices, are focused on parameters like maximal input voltage on which the device has most ideal parameters, but also parameters, which are critical for particular block, like for example input impedance, device noise, operating amplifier input voltage and current offset. All devices were chosen with battery supply possibility, so what the lowest possible power consumption. In this thesis is theoretically described each circuit block and reasons for their selection.

This diploma thesis deals with design of microprocessor controlled battery charger. Thesis contains circuit diagram of final charger. In this thesist there is created functioning software for control of this battery charger. Charger is than manufactured.

[pt] A aquisição de dados vem alcançando rápido desenvolvimento com o advento da tecnologia da tecnologia de circuitos integrados e de microprocessadores. Os sistemas de controle de Processo e de Ensaios nos quais a aquisição de dados constitui uma tarefa preliminar básica, se tornaram mais confiáveis, mais compactos e economicamente atraentes. O presente trabalho envolve os Sistemas de aquisição de dados. Abordamos a importância e as aplicações dos computadores em Processos e Ensaios, fazemos uma análise geral das características e configurações dos Sistemas de Aquisição de dados, discutimos as possíveis realizações e apresentamos o desenvolvimento para o caso particular de Ensaios de Mecânica de solos no laboratório da PUC. Foi feito um levantamento criterioso dos requisitos para esta aplicação específica e prevista conexão posterior a periféricos. A filosofia adotada no desenvolvimento foi a obtenção do máximo de simplificação e aumento de confiabilidade compatível com as especificações requeridas para este tipo de ensaio. / [en] Data Acquisition is fast reaching na advanced state of development with the advent of integrated circuits and microprocessor tecnology. The test and control process systems, where Data Acquisition constitutes the basic preliminary task, have become more reliable, more compact and economically more attractive. This work involves Data Acquisition Systems. The importance of computers and their applications in Process Control and in Laboratory Tests is discussed along with a genaral analysis of Data Acquisition System’s characteristics and configurations. Finally the possible solutions for the specific case of soil mechanics testing, including for use in soil Puc’s Laboratory is discussed. Careful considerations was made of the requirements for this application and an eventual future connection of periferals. The philosophy adopted in such development was aimed toward improved simplication and reliability, in order to comply with specifications required for this type of application.

Numerous compact NMR spectrometers have been designed for an easy measurement of proton NMR spectra. High sensitivity and resolution can be reached even with low field spectrometers (LFNMR) (i.e. 60 MHz), thanks to great improvements in electronic hardware, which open up a wide field of analytical quantification and relaxation applications. A specificity of Low field NMR spectrometer is the use of a permanent and cryogen free magnet technology, avoiding the need for weekly and expensive cryogenic services. Here we present and describe a low field NMR spectrometer fabricated in our laboratory. This spectrometer (ECBLFNMR) operates at basic resonant frequencies ranging from 1 to 60 MHz, with standard sample diameter (5-10 mm). All the embedded hardware is very compact and requires only a 24 V DC power supply, so this spectrometer is portable, easy to install and has a small footprint. This ECBFLNMR is dedicated to education and quantification, and enables low-field NMR research. It may be coupled with scientific experiments not requiring high magnetic fields.