Ce travail de thèse a pour ambition d’étudier le statut et la fonction des termes et concepts issus de la tradition juridique antique ainsi que médiévale dans la pensée politique de Machiavel. L’angle d’analyse adopté est celui du « ius non scriptum » et permet de mesurer l’influence des notions latines de « mores » et de « consuetudo » élaborées par le droit romain et le droit canon sur les formes vulgaires de « costumi » et de « consuetudine » que Machiavel mobilise dans l’ensemble de ses écrits. Plus largement, la recherche esquisse une généalogie du lexique politique de la Renaissance italienne à partir de ses antécédents latins pour mieux comprendre la logique de formation des langages politiques modernes. Le travail de recherche consiste à réinterroger la modernité de Machiavel en procédant à une contextualisation historique de sa pensée dans la longue tradition médiévale qui s’achève avec lui. Il s’agissait d’abord de repérer les principales occurrences du terme « costumi » dans les textes de Machiavel afin de mettre en lumière l’importance de cette catégorie non seulement conceptuelle mais aussi pratique dans le système de sa pensée. En s’éloignant momentanément du corpus machiavélien, j’ai cherché à présenter une histoire de la doctrine du « ius non scriptum » à partir des deux sources du droit médiéval que sont le Corpus Iuris Civilis (VIème siècle) et le Decretum Gratiani (XIIème siècle). Au terme de cette enquête, il a fallu revenir au corpus machiavélien pour montrer que la notion de « consuetudine » est l’une des plus importantes de son lexique politique parce qu’elle qualifie la nature des peuples dans leur rapport aux ordres et aux lois et constitue le fondement même de la vie des Républiques. / This work aims at analysing the way Machiavel used words and concepts from the legal tradition of Antiquity and Middle Age in his political thought. Preference was given to the “ius non scriptum” in order to measure the direct influence of Latin categories such as “mores” and “consuetudo” elaborated by the Roman Law and the Canon Law and reemployed by Machiavel in a (much)more common form in all his writings. More broadly, it consists in a genealogy of the political vocabulary of the Italian Renaissance which is born in the Latin language borrowed from its Latin roots to highlight the logic of formation of modern political languages. In our research, we try to reconsider the modernity of Machiavel by contextualizing his thought in the medieval tradition which ends with Machiavel himself. First of all, we had to identify the main uses of the word “costumi” in Machiavel’s writings in order to emphasise its theoretical and major practical meaning in his thinking. By taking a short step back from the Machiavellian corpus, we tried to rebuild a history of the “ius non scriptum” doctrine from two medieval sources: The Corpus Iuris Civilis (VI century) and the Decretum Gratiani (XII century). At this point, we had to go back to the Machiavellian corpus to show the importance of the notion of “consuetudine” in his political vocabulary. It qualifies the people’s identity, the relation to orders, and more than everything it is the basis for the existence of Republics.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Bien qu’elle n’ait jamais été abordée de front par Jacques Derrida, la question du pervertible se conçoit à maintes reprises dans son œuvre sous l’angle de paradoxes et par le biais de questions comme celles de l’hospitalité ou de la promesse. Cette thèse explore ainsi les limites et la portée de la notion protéiforme de pervertibilité, ses enjeux et ses manifestations, de même que son rapport au langage et au sens. Pluridisciplinaire, elle se penche sur les concepts philosophiques et sur les dispositifs textuels et littéraires témoignant de cette pervertibilité en acte dans l’ensemble du corpus derridien. / Although Jacques Derrida never addressed it head-on, the problem of pervertibility is often conceptualized in his work by way of paradoxes and questions, such as those of hospitality and the promise. This doctoral thesis explores the limits and scope of the protean notion of pervertibility, its stakes and its manifestations, as well as its relationship with language and meaning. Multidisciplinary in nature, it simultaneously focuses on philosophical concepts and on the textual and literary devices that bespeak this pervertibility, operative throughout Derrida’s entire body of work.

This thesis explores the application of Markowitz' Modern Portfolio Theory onto 220 years of financial returns for 13 metals and 21 poly-metallic ore types. The interdisciplinary research shows that poly-metallic ores can be described as naturally occurring portfolios that were diversified by natural geological processes. Safest and optimal portfolios for metals and ores can be computed for different time horizons using portfolio optimization algorithms. Results for optimized ore portfolios are thereby subject to geological constraints. The study revealed that commodity cycles last between six and twenty years and exhibit clockwise and counterclockwise motions in the risk-return framework. The cycle length differences for clockwise cycles are statistically significant and thus specific to all investigated metals and ores. By incorporating novel cycle parameters into decision making tools it is suggested that current industry decisions for resource development can be improved. Insights into the performance of metals and ores through the industrial cycles, as well as into the frequency of profitable super cycles can assist Metals & Mining executives in strategic planning and investment.:Introduction 1 Data 3 Metals & ore types studied 5 2.1 Metals.......................................... 5 2.2 Ore types ........................................ 5 2.3 Prices .......................................... 10 2.4 Summary ........................................ 12 II Analysis 13 3 Modern Portfolio Theory 15 3.1 Overview ........................................ 15 3.2 Definitions........................................ 15 3.3 Assumptions ...................................... 17 3.4 Discussion & Conclusion................................ 18 4 Poly-metallic ores as natural portfolios 19 4.1 Objectives........................................ 19 4.2 Results.......................................... 19 4.3 Summary & Discussion................................. 24 4.4 Conclusion ....................................... 25 5 Static portfolio optimization 27 5.1 Objectives........................................ 27 5.2 Assumptions ...................................... 27 5.3 Results.......................................... 27 5.4 Summary & Discussion................................. 31 5.5 Conclusion ....................................... 32 6 Dynamic portfolio optimization 33 6.1 Assumptions ...................................... 33 6.2 Results.......................................... 34 6.3 Summary & Discussion................................. 44 6.4 Conclusion ....................................... 45 7 Commodity cycles & metal assets 47 7.1 Commodity cycles ................................... 47 7.2 Commodity cycle observations ............................ 54 7.3 Summary ........................................ 76 7.4 Discussion........................................ 77 7.5 Conclusion ....................................... 78 III Application 81 8 Commodity cycles & resource development strategies 83 8.1 The timing of mine development and mining start-up................ 83 8.2 Lead times from discovery to operation........................ 88 8.3 Exploration....................................... 89 8.4 Project valuation considerations............................ 91 8.5 Summary & Discussion................................. 92 8.6 Conclusion ....................................... 93 9 Industrial cycles & modern history 95 9.1 The Metal Markets Indicator-MMI ......................... 95 9.2 The Metal Markets Indicator & the economy .................... 97 9.3 The MMI & military conflict ............................. 105 9.4 MMI cyclicality..................................... 115 9.5 Summary & Discussion................................. 122 9.6 Conclusion ....................................... 123 10 Industrial cycles & metal performance 125 10.1 Methodology ...................................... 125 10.2 Metal performance during technological epochs ................ 126 10.3 Discussion........................................ 133 10.4 Conclusion ....................................... 137 11 Industrial cycles & ore type preferences 139 11.1 Coal Age ........................................ 139 11.2 Oil Age ......................................... 142 11.3 Atomic Age....................................... 144 11.4 Discussion........................................ 146 11.5 Conclusion ....................................... 150 12 Industrial cycles & ore provinces 151 12.1 Ore genetic models and industrial cycles....................... 151 12.2 Ore geology and geography .............................. 154 12.3 Ore provenances and mining technology ....................... 156 12.4 Discussion........................................ 157 12.5 Conclusion ....................................... 157 13 The state and future of the M&M Industry 159 13.1 The current state.................................... 159 13.2 The dawn of a new Industrial Age .......................... 163 13.3 The future........................................ 164 13.4 Summary & Discussion................................. 167 13.5 Conclusion ....................................... 168 14 Summary 169 15 Conclusion 171 IV Appendix 173 Bibliography 233 Index 245

The paper focuses on generational conflicts as depicted in four Swahili novels namely: Vuta N’kuvute, Kufa Kuzikana, Msimu wa Vipepeo and Tumaini. Generational conflicts depicted in the novels are seen as a contest between tradition and modernity when viewed against the cultural changes that have taken place within the East African societies. Authors have dep-loyed narrative voice and focalization narrative techniques to communicate the implied au-thor’s ideological stance on the notions of tradition and modernity in respect to the conflicting issues captured in each novel. Section two highlights some postulations about the concepts of ‘modernity’ and ‘tradition’. The third section discusses the concepts of generation and generational conflicts while the fourth focuses on narrative voice and focalization as the narrative strategies that reveal gene-rational conflicts portrayed in the four novels. The final section is the conclusion relating the ideological stance of the implied author in relation to the concepts of modernity and tradition.

Diese Publikation erscheint anlässlich der 11. Internationalen Ausstellung zeitgenössischer Künste Dresden und der 1. OSTRALE-BIENNALE vom 28. Juli - 01. Oktober 2017

Diese Publikation erscheint anlässlich der 10. Internationalen Ausstellung zeitgenössischer Künste in Dresden, error:x OSTRALE'O16. Wendebuch. OSTRALE weht ODER : Artyści z Drezna we Wrocławiu, 13.05.-31.07.2016, Browar Mieszczański Wrocław

La République de Pologne-Lituanie, par sa forme de gouvernement unique, a suscité l’intérêt d’auteurs français fondamentaux tels que Théodore de Bèze, Jean Bodin, Montesquieu, Voltaire et Jean-Jacques Rousseau, mais aussi de penseurs aujourd’hui moins connus, comme Jean Boucher, Claude de Rubis ou Nicolas Baudeau. La Pologne apparaît dans la littérature politique française dès 1573, date à laquelle Henri de Valois fut élu roi de Pologne, jusqu’en 1795, moment de la disparition de la carte de l’Europe de l’État polono-lituanien. Malgré cette présence continue, elle ne fut que très peu étudiée dans l’historiographie française. Pourtant, elle représente une clé de lecture passionnante pour éclairer les débats politiques français de l’époque moderne, ce qu’entreprend de démontrer cette thèse. / The Republic of Poland-Lithuania, with its unique form of government, aroused the interest of fundamental French authors such as Théodore de Bèze, Jean Bodin, Montesquieu, Voltaire or Jean-Jacques Rousseau, but also the attention of less known thinkers like Jean Boucher, Claude de Rubis or Nicolas Baudeau. Poland appeared in French political literature in 1573, when Henri of Valois was elected king of Poland, until 1795, when the Polish-Lithuanian state disappeared from the map of Europe. Despite this continuous presence, it has been insufficiently analyzed in the French historiography. Yet, it represents a fascinating key for reading the French political debates of the modern era. This thesis aims at demonstrating it.

Diese Publikation erscheint anlässlich der 12. Internationalen Ausstellung zeitgenössischer Künste Dresden und der 2. OSTRALE Biennale, von 11 Juni bis 1 September 2019. / This book is published on the occasion of the 12th International Exhibition of Contemporary Arts Dresden and the 2nd OSTRALE Biennale, from 11 June to 1 September 2019.

Diese Publikation erscheint anlässlich der 13. Internationalen Ausstellung zeitgenössischer Künste, der 3. OSTRALE Biennale, stattfindend vom 1. Juli bis 3. Oktober 2021 in Dresden. / This book is published on the occasion of the 13th International Exhibition of Contemporary Arts, the 3rd OSTRALE Biennale, from July 1st to October 3rd, 2021 in Dresden.