Bravida is one of Scandinavia's leading suppliers of technical installations and services. According to Bravida an installer loses around 35 per cent of their daily work. It’s the time aspect that’s going to be examined in this thesis. The purpose of this thesis is that the student in question is to investigate the activities of the installers that works with this project, identifying where and how time losses occur and come up with suggestions for improvement. Methods used in this work is literature studies, observational studies and interviews. When it comes to the theory, the student in question chose to focus on Lean production, communication and utilities like 5S, because the student believes that it covers the areas that’s going to be explored. Lean production has been used for a long time in many different industries to reduce waste and make the process work more effective. The construction industry has pioneered the use of Lean production lately. Given that the construction industry is based on relationships between participants results in making communications a big part of the constructionprojects. The conclusion of this thesis was that problems always occur in projects, both the leading installer and installers run into problems in projects. The underlying causes of the problems is poor communication, problems with drawings and lack of information about the projects. These solutions were developed to eliminate these problems. Communication problems can be improved by making the leading installer a part of the planning phase, also making sure that the information at the “coordination meetings” is clear and understandable in a way that makes it possible for the leading installers to easily solve the problems.

Volvo GTO Powertrain i Köping står inför införande av tre nya produktvarianter som ska ersätta befintliga produktvarianter. I dagsläget monteras produkterna som ska ersättas av de nya produktvarianterna i tre separata flöden. Införandet av de nya produktvarianterna medför att två av produktvarianterna ska tillverkas i samma monteringsflöde. Syftet med examensarbetet är att ta fram förslag på monteringsflöden som har flexibiliteten att producera två av de nya produktvarianterna i samma monteringsflöde med tillhörande provkörning. Monteringsflödet ska även klara av en säsongsberoende efterfrågan mellan 23 - 40 st produkter per skift, med en differens på ± 2,5 %. För att korrigera antalet som ska produceras beroende på säsong ska ske genom att korrigera antalet montörer i monteringsflödet och antalet operatörer i provkörningen. För att skapa en förståelse över de befintliga monteringsflödena har en nulägesanalys av monteringsflödena som ska slås ihop till ett flöde genomförts. Datainsamlingen i nulägesanalysen har genomförts genom intervjuer av produktionsteknisk personal, samt genom studerande av AviX analyserna på de befintliga monteringsflödena. Nulägesanalysen har varit till grund för att skapa en förståelse över hur monteringen fungerar i dagsläget.   Volvo har även tagit fram ett förslag på hur dom vill att det framtida monteringsflödet ska se ut. Volvos förslag har varit till grund för att skapa en förståelse över det tänkta framtida monteringsflödet med tillhörande provkörning. För att uppnå syftet med arbetet har två simuleringsmodeller skapats för att testa systemet under olika scenarier för att klara av den varierande efterfrågan. Den ena simuleringsmodellen använder sig av Volvos förslag på det framtida systemet och den andra modellen har genom experiment korrigerat cykeltiderna i provkörningen, arbetstempon i monteringsflödet har ombalanserats och tillgänglighet i provkörningen har ökats. Resultaten från experimenten är att simuleringsmodellen med korrigerade cykeltider, ombalanserad och ökad tillgänglighet klarar av den varierande efterfrågan på 40 produkter per skift. Det krävdes dock relativt stora korrigeringar från Volvos förslag för att uppnå önskad efterfrågan. För att avgöra antalet montörer och operatörer som krävs beroende på antalet efterfrågade produkter skapades en bemanningstabell. / Volvo GTO Powertrain is facing the introduction of three new product types of products which shall replace existing product types. In the current situation are the products, which shall be replace by new product types, assembled in three separate flows. The introduction of the new product types includes that two product types are being assembled in the same assembly flow. The purpose of this report is to make suggestions on assembly flows that have the flexibility to produces two of the new product types in the same assembly flow with associated trial area. The assembly flow shall also accomplish the customer’s demand depending on season with 23 - 40 products per shift, with a difference of ± 2,5 %. To adjust the quantity that shall be produced depending on season shall be done by adjusting the quantity of fitters in the assembly flow and the quantity of operators in the trial area. To create an understanding of the existing assembly flows has an analysis of the present situation, of the assembly flows which shall be combined into one assembly flow, been completed. The data collection in the analysis of the present situation has been completed through interviews with production engineers staff, also by studying the AviX analysis concerning the existing assembly flows. The analysis of the present situation has been founded to create an understanding of how the assembly works today. Furthermore, Volvo has developed a proposal on how the future assembly flow shall look like. Volvo’s proposal has been founded to create an understanding of the future assembly flow with associated trial area. To achieve the purpose of this work has two simulation models been created to test the system under different scenarios to manage the varying demand. One of the simulation models is using Volvo’s proposal on the future system and the other model has adjusted cycle times in the trial area through experiments, the work pace in the assembly flow has been rebalanced and the OEE in the trial run has been increased. The results from the experiments are that the simulation model with adjusted cycle times, rebalanced and increased OEE is capable of coping with the varying demand on 23 – 40 products per shift. However, relatively large adjustments were required from Volvo’s proposal to achieve the desired demand. A table of staffing was created to determine how many fitters and operators were required depending on the quantity of demanded products.

Purpose – The purpose with this study is to investigate how an assembly line for products with long cycle time, high product variation and operators who follow the products through the flow can be planned for a high resource utilization as well as the challenges that can arise when planning an assembly line with an increasing demand and how these can be handled. Method – To fulfill the purpose of this study a case study was conducted at Mastec Components AB in Vaggeryd. The empirical data gathered from the case study was obtained through interviews, observations and document studies. The empirical data was then analysed against theory, which means that pattern matching was used and the analyse led to the studies results. Findings – This study illustrates how an assembly line with special demands can be planned to gain high resource utilization. When the products cycle times are multiple they can be sorted into product families to simplify the planning and it also enables a tacted planning method to be used. The study also presents how the usage of time buffers can facilitate the planning of an assembly line. Moreover the study illuminates the importance of controlling tact, both from the customer and the own production. When demand increases it is important that the production line is capable to keep up, therefore some arrangements can be done to reduce waste and increase capacity. Possible alternatives can be buffers, allocating resources and parallel assembly lines. Implications – The study investigates a type of assembly line where the operators follow the products through the flow. This type of assembly line is unexplored in theory and thereby a knowledge gap has been identified which partly have been covered by this study. Further on, the study contributed to an increased understanding of the consequences that occur when operators follow the flow and when products have long varying cycle times. The study also shows the value of calculating tact and use the advantages from it to easier handle variation in demand. Limitations – The case study was performed as one case study which means that only one unit has been analysed. This was due to the lack of resources to do several case studies, both regarding time and ability to find more facilities with similar conditions. If it were possible to conduct more case studies the results could have been more general. Keywords – Tact, tact time, tacted planning, assembly line, planning, operators, buffer.

Planering av hur och var byggmaterialet levereras till byggarbetsplatsen har blivit allt merbetydelsefullt. Byggbranschen stöter på många utmaningar angående leveranser då det finns flerundantag än regler för hur en byggarbetsplats ser ut. Det går inte att förutse hur väder, mark ellertrafikförhållanden ser ut men med en genomtänkt planering går det att påverka materialhanteringen.De företag som använder en välplanerad logistik har en fördel inom produktionen så logistik är idagen stark del inom konkurrensstrategi.Syftet med denna rapport är att undersöka hur Bravida ska kunna effektivisera monteringen av värmeoch sanitet i bostäder med hjälp av en logistiklösning. Undersökningen är avgränsad till enlogistiklösning för VS-projekt som innefattar bostäder av nyproduktion med 100 lägenheter uppdeladepå fem hus.Genom informationssökning och intervjuer skapades två logistikmetoder som var intressanta förBravida att undersöka. Metod 1 baseras på tjänster som utförs av externa företag som Grossist A,Leverantör A och Flyttfirma B. Metod 2 baseras på användningen av ett bygglogistikcenter i Bravidasbefintliga lagerlokal i Nynäshamn. Huvudsyftet med metoderna är att låta montörerna fokusera påvärdeskapande moment genom att överföra arbetsmoment som beställning, förflyttning och kapningtill projektledare, flyttfirmor, leverantörer och långtidssjukskrivna personer.För att genomföra beräkningar granskades arbetstiderna hos montörer, projektledare och projektörerför att se hur mycket tid arbetsmomenten krävde. Därefter gestaltades ett produktionstypfall för attberäkna framtida arbetstider och kostnader vid användning av Metod 1 och 2. Resultatet visade attMetod 1 skulle öka den ekonomiska lönsamheten med 8,2 % jämfört med 5,7 % med Metod 2.Förutom en ekonomisk lönsamhet skulle Metod 1 bidra till en bättre miljö samt att montörerna får enbättre arbetsmiljö som även påverkar hela byggarbetsplatsen.I diskussionskapitlet granskas Metod 1 djupare med dess innebörd för Bravida och jämförelser tillderas nuvarande kostnader och tidsåtgångar. / When planning how and where the building materials gets delivered to the construction site hasbecome increasingly more important. The construction industry is facing many challenges regardingdeliveries as there are more exceptions than regulations for how a construction site looks. It is notpossible to predict how weather, ground or traffic conditions are, but with a thoughtful planning it ispossible to influence material management. The companies that use well planned logistics has anadvantage in production, therefore today logistics is a strong part of the competition strategy.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how Bravida can be more effective when installing heatingand sanitation in buildings using a logistics solution. The thesis is delimited to a logistics solution forheating and sanitation projects involving newly built houses with 100 apartments divided into fivebuildings.Through information retrieval and interviews, two logistics methods were created that wereinteresting for Bravida to investigate. Method 1 is based on services performed by external companiessuch as Grossist A, Leverantör A and Flyttfirma B. Method 2 is based on the use of a buildinglogistics center in Bravidas existing warehouse in Nynäshamn. The main purpose of these methods isto allow the installers to focus on value creating moments by transferring suboperations such asordering, relocate and cutting materials to project managers, movers, suppliers and long-term sickpeople.In order to do the calculations the working hours of installers, project managers and planners wereexamined to see how much time the workflow demanded. Thereafter, a production typical case wasconfigured to calculate future working hours and expenses using Methods 1 and 2. The result showedthat Method 1 would increase economic profitability by 8.2 % compared with 5.7 % for Method 2.Besides economic profitability Method 1 also gives a better environment and the installers get a betterworking environment that also affects the entire construction site.In the discussion chapter, Method 1 is investigated deeper with its significance for Bravida andcomparisons to their current expense and duration.