<p>This paper is part of the research programme ViSuCity, a programme with the goal of creating more sustainable urban planning through the development of better visual tools, which ultimately means better communication between various parties of public planning. The paper concerns the implementation of MCE into a 3D program for visualization. Multi criteria evaluation (MCE) is a technique that has been developed during the last 20 years. It merges GIS with AHP, forming a decision making tool for localization of, for example, new buildings.The result is an automated tool that enables advanced analysis of geographic areas.The tool has a very high potential due to the completely automated MCE and it is adapted for people without a technical background, let alone formal training in MCE. It provides great opportunities to test different scenarios, something that should be an important advantage. The incorporation of MCE into 3D models has made it easier for users to relate the maps to reality, since a detailed 3D model is very easily understood in terms of geographical placement. A brand new feature that has not previously been used is the ability to import new objects and give feedback to the analysis. A summary of research on the MCE underlines the current situation, that relatively little research exists surrounding the use and demand of MCE. This paper unfortunately contributes to this fact since no user studies have been done due to lack of time. This is something future research should focus on.</p> / ViSuCity

La presente disertación presentan dos casos de estudio en los cuales se ha llevado a cabo una Evaluación Multi-Criterio Social (SMCE por sus siglas en inglés), además de las lecciones aprendidas a través de estas experiencias.El primer caso presenta el conflicto alrededor de la construcción de un complejo industrial (una planta reductora de aluminio y sus infraestructuras asociadas) en la Patagonia Chilena. Aquí, se analizan las ventajas de una SMCE comparada con los sistemas de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental (EIA) comúnmente utilizados en el marco de las decisiones públicas. Se propone por tanto, la SMCE con el fin de resolver algunos de los inconvenientes ampliamente reconocidos de los EIAs.Luego, se exploran los problemas y conflictos alrededor de la construcción de parques eólicos, y se analizan los principales mecanismos para su implementación. Cabe destacar que existen diferentes niveles y dimensiones de aceptación social de tales infraestructuras: socio-política, de mercado y comunitaria. En esta disertación se sostiene que los mecanismos de mercado no son suficientes para la implementación de políticas públicas, y que la SMCE provee un marco adecuado para tratar la aceptación (o rechazo) de la comunidad local; es decir, para atender los aspectos relacionados con la justicia en términos distributivos y de proceso, y con la confianza a escala local. Finalmente, se desarrollan algunas ideas y lecciones aprendidas desde la aplicación práctica de metodologías participativas en combinación con la estructura del análisis multi-criterio, y se delinean algunas áreas para la investigación futura. / The following dissertation presents two case studies in which I have applied Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE), and also presents some learned lessons from these experiences.The first case presents a conflict around the construction of an industrial complex (an aluminium smelter plant and its associated infrastructures) in the Chilean Patagonia. Here, I analyse the advantages of SMCE compared with the Environmental Impact Assessment systems (EIAS) commonly used in public decision-making. I propose the former in order to overcome some recognized pitfalls of the last.Then, I explore the problems and conflicts around the construction of windfarms, and I analyse the main mechanisms aimed at their implementation. There exist different levels and dimensions of social acceptance of windfarms: socio-political, market and social acceptance. I argue that market-based mechanisms are not enough for public policy implementation, and that SMCE is appropriate so as to deal with community acceptance; that is, to deal with issues related to distributional justice, procedural justice and trust at local level.Finally, I develop some ideas and learned lessons from the practical application of participatory approaches in combination with a multi-criteria analysis structure, and I delineate some areas and issues for further research.

Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation is a kind of multi-criteria analysis that combines the technical evaluation of different options according to various assessment criteria with the analysis of the social actors' conflicting values and interests.Two main ideas are at the basis of SMCE: technical incommensurability (i.e. in a complex environment one cannot express all impacts of a policy using one only unit of measurement, or, in other words, an inter/multidisciplinary analysis is needed) and social incommensurability (i.e. the social actors have different and legitimately conflicting values and interests, which must be taken into account when evaluating a policy or a project).SMCE was applied to two case-studies. In the first one, the problem at hand was how to provide some isolated rural households in a natural park near Barcelona with electricity, whether by extending the grid or installing stand-alone photovoltaic systems. The issue caused a conflict between 1995 and 2000 among the Park administration (in favour of solar energy) and the household inhabitants and owners, plus the Mayor (in favour of traditional electricity). A retrospective SMCE was performed in order to explain the positions of the involved stakeholders and the factors that help the diffusion of off-grid photovoltaic systems in rural areas.The second part of the thesis deals with the opportunity for the Italian government of supporting a large-scale biofuels production. The pros and cons of satisfying part of the energy need of the transport sector with biodiesel were analyzed through a variety of assessment criteria and taking into account different scales and dimensions.

This paper is part of the research programme ViSuCity, a programme with the goal of creating more sustainable urban planning through the development of better visual tools, which ultimately means better communication between various parties of public planning. The paper concerns the implementation of MCE into a 3D program for visualization. Multi criteria evaluation (MCE) is a technique that has been developed during the last 20 years. It merges GIS with AHP, forming a decision making tool for localization of, for example, new buildings.The result is an automated tool that enables advanced analysis of geographic areas.The tool has a very high potential due to the completely automated MCE and it is adapted for people without a technical background, let alone formal training in MCE. It provides great opportunities to test different scenarios, something that should be an important advantage. The incorporation of MCE into 3D models has made it easier for users to relate the maps to reality, since a detailed 3D model is very easily understood in terms of geographical placement. A brand new feature that has not previously been used is the ability to import new objects and give feedback to the analysis. A summary of research on the MCE underlines the current situation, that relatively little research exists surrounding the use and demand of MCE. This paper unfortunately contributes to this fact since no user studies have been done due to lack of time. This is something future research should focus on. / ViSuCity

This thesis deals with applications of multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives for creating a benefit system for employees. My work consists of a theoretical part, which describes methods suitable for these purposes. It is a method based on utility function and a method based on the minimum distance from the ideal alternative. The second part describes a complete evaluation process used to evaluate employees who work in accounting and tax consultancy and calculation of their deserved benefits base on the evaluations. In the application the criteria for evaluation of employees, weights of individual criteria were specified and I also counted the amount of utilities for each employee and distances from the ideal employee. The calculation of utilities and distances from the ideal employee were aggregated on the basis of summarizing values for individual companies according to the employees. Profit share of each employee was calculated as the sum of utilities and distances from ideal variant, which was related to work performance for the previous year.

The aim of this thesis is to develop a GIS methodology to assess urban vulnerability to earthquake through a spatial analytical procedure in which vulnerability is taught of as a spatial decision problem. The main concepts within the framework is vulnerability assessment. In its typology, the defined technology is highly current, emergent and necessary for the local goverments. Considering the discussions on subsidiarity for local area services such a knowledge is hoped to prove the capacity of local goverments. First earthquake losses were estimated. Earthquake loss estimation activities can be categorized into two series of phases: pre-disaster phase / risk assessment, mitigation management post- disaster phase / emergency and rehabilitation management Two methods were used in estimating the primary damages and losses due to earthquake. In the first method spatial multicriteria analysis was performed to assign a vulnerability value to each building. As a second method SRAS(Seismic Risk Analysis Software) was used. Besides criteria for social risks, criteria for systematic vulnerability, which may influence the emergency response and management activities following the earthquake, were also considered. Criteria standardization, weighting and combining were accomplished by means of multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) methods, the theoretical background being based on the multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT). Expert knowledge based analysis was used and also three different earthquake scenarios about Odunpazari were run on SRAS. After the aggregation of the vulnerability values from building scale to neighbourhood scale, the urban facilities were analysed. Results showed that, 1/3 of the neighborhoods in Odunpazari are vulnerable to any possible earthquake.

The West Coast of Vancouver Island (WCVI), with an average gross wave energy flux of 40-50 kW/m at the continental shelf, possesses one of the most energetic wave climates in the world and has the potential to meet the electric demands of the utility grid on Vancouver Island and numerous coastal remote communities. However, the development of wave energy sites has the potential to interrupt other existing marine activities and wave energy operations could damage the sensitive marine ecosystems. The objective of this thesis is to identify strategically important sites for wave energy – sites that have great economic potential in an energy generation context yet have minimal impacts on existing economic uses and minimal ecological impacts. Wave energy technology agnostic frequency and directional filters were developed based on a unionized representation of Wave Energy Converter (WEC) performance generated by combining four types of WEC performance characteristics. These two filters improved the quantification of extractable wave resources by accounting for the technological limits of wave frequencies and directions. Subsequently, a detailed economic evaluation was developed to estimate the influence of the distance to the coastline and transmission network, electricity market sizes, and a technology agnostic description of WEC farm physical layout on the selection of wave energy sites. The technology-agnostic description of WEC farm physical layouts was designed based on the cable properties, cable termination/distribution, and cable protection used in real-world projects. The WEC farm capacities are constrained by the transmission cable to minimize the cost for developing wave energy sites. Lastly, a multi-criteria analysis, which includes four stakeholder perspective scenarios, was developed to identify the strategically important sites for future wave energy development along the WCVI. A total of 16 regions, covering an area of 392 km2 and having an average of 35.68 kW/m wave energy flux, were identified as strategically important sites for wave farms. These regions show the potential to meet the electric demand of Vancouver Island, and they are worth further investigated when selecting a location for future wave energy development. / Graduate

The diploma thesis deals with a construction of the appropriate comparative model on the methodical basis of multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives, which are based on the economic indicator considered as a standard for determination the specific order of the companies in this thesis compared. Moreover, there is further a comparison incorporated, which consists of the position of in the thesis selected comparative model against regularly existing models such as specifically the Altman index (Z-score) and the index IN99. An integral part of the thesis is also a graphical analysis of the specific the model entering inputs such as indicators, criterions, which are considered to be a crucial part for the correct utilization of the model.

The master thesis deals with managerial decision-making, more specifically with the multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives under risk for the GAMACZ.CZ company, which currently solves problem of low profitability. The aim of the thesis is to define the decision-making objective(s), determine the set of evaluation criteria, identify potentially successful alternatives, determine their impacts and finally evaluate alternatives and recommend the most suitable one for the company. For the purpose of the multi-criteria evaluation with risk integration the author uses the Weighted Sum Approach. On the basis of these methods the most suitable option together with suggestions of implementation are proposed to the company and the reality check is executed.

This diploma thesis focuses on competitiveness of the Czech Republic compared with other states of the Visegrad Group and Slovenia. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part is aimed at specification of the term competitiveness and the criticism of the concept of national competitiveness. The second part focuses on measuring of competitiveness. The last part analyzes competitiveness of the Czech Republic and other observed states.