A condição de trabalho vivida por muitos trabalhadores de enfermagem, especialmente em instituições hospitalares, tem acarretado agravos à sua saúde, geralmente provenientes do ambiente de trabalho, da forma de organização e das atividades insalubres que executam. Os gestores hospitalares têm apresentado constante preocupação, em relação aos problemas osteomusculares e de fadiga, principalmente entre os profissionais de enfermagem, sendo comprovado pela literatura científica como questões de relevância significativa, que merecem um aprofundamento na identificação de suas causas e em propostas de ações para redução dos índices de ocorrência no âmbito hospitalar. Assim, este estudo objetivou avaliar as queixas de fadiga e de dores osteomusculares em trabalhadores de enfermagem de urgência e emergência. Estudo descritivo, transversal e quantitativo, realizado no setor de urgência e emergência de um hospital localizado em Minas Gerais, em 2016, com 37 trabalhadores de enfermagem. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados três instrumentos sendo, um instrumento de avaliação sociodemográfica e laboral; a Escala de Fadiga de Chalder para avaliação da Fadiga física e mental; e o Diagrama de Corlett para avaliação da presença e intensidade de dor e as regiões acometidas. O estudo foi aprovado pelo CEP da EERP, conforme parecer 1.689.255. Em relação aos resultados, a maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (73%), solteira (54,1%), com media de idade de 30,5 anos, sem hábitos de praticar atividade física (62,2%) e dormia entre 6 e 8 horas (78,3%). Com relação à categoria profissional, a maior parte deles era enfermeiros (43,2%), com tempo de atuação de até 5 anos na profissão e na instituição (40,57%; 59,4%) e de 3 anos no setor de urgência/emergência, com carga horária de 8h/dia (75,5%). Em relação à fadiga física, os trabalhadores relataram que às vezes: cansavam-se facilmente (32,4%), precisavam descansar mais (40,5%) e sentiam fraqueza (24,3%). Na fadiga mental, os trabalhadores relataram que às vezes: tiveram problemas de concentração (21,6%), dificuldade para pensar claramente (18,9%) e problemas de memória (10,8%). Na soma dos escores dos itens da fadiga, 35,1% possuíam fadiga. Em relação à dor osteomuscular, a região mais relatada com presença de dor foi a coluna vertebral, que se repete nas diversas classificações de intensidade de dor, seguida dos membros inferiores e superiores. Concluímos que não há evidências de associação entre as queixas de fadiga e as queixas de dores osteomusculares. Percebe-se então a necessidade de promoção de melhores condições de trabalho nos ambientes hospitalares. Isto porque, é preciso favorecer uma melhor qualidade de vida laboral e social dos profissionais de enfermagem / The work condition experienced by many nursing workers, especially in hospital institutions, has caused health problems, usually from the work environment, the organization and the unhealthy activities they perform. Hospital managers have shown constant concern with regard to musculoskeletal and fatigue problems, especially among nursing professionals, and it is proven by the scientific literature as issues of significant relevance that deserve a deepening in the identification of their causes and in proposals for actions to reduction of the occurrence rates in the hospital. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the complaints of fatigue and musculoskeletal pain in emergency and emergency nursing workers. Descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study, carried out in the emergency and emergency department of a hospital located in Minas Gerais, Brazil, in 2016, with 37 nursing workers. For data collection, three instruments were used: a sociodemographic and labor assessment instrument; the Chalder Fatigue Scale for Physical and Mental Fatigue Assessment; and the Corlett Diagram to evaluate the presence and intensity of pain and the regions affected. The study was approved by the CEP of the EERP, according to opinion 1,689,255. Regarding the results, the majority of the participants were female (73%), single (54.1%), mean age 30.5 years, no physical activity habits (62.2%) and sleep between 6 and 8 hours (78.3%). Regarding the professional category, the majority of them were nurses (43.2%), with a duration of up to 5 years in the profession and in the institution (40.57%, 59.4%) and 3 years in the urgency / emergency, with an hourly load of 8h / day (75.5%). Regarding physical fatigue, the workers reported that they sometimes tired easily (32.4%), needed rest (40.5%) and felt weak (24.3%). In mental fatigue, workers reported that at times: they had problems of concentration (21.6%), difficulty to think clearly (18.9%) and memory problems (10.8%). In the sum of the scores of the fatigue items, 35.1% had fatigue. Regarding osteomuscular pain, the most reported region with presence of pain was the spine, which is repeated in the various pain intensity classifications, followed by the lower and upper limbs. We conclude that there is no evidence of association between fatigue complaints and complaints of musculoskeletal pain. The need to promote better working conditions in hospital settings is then perceived. This is because, it is necessary to promote a better quality of work and social life of nursing professionals

As patologias do ombro representam o primeiro lugar de afastamento por doenças do trabalho e os professores estão incluídos entre os profissionais que apresentam sobrecarga nesta articulação pelas posturas que realizam. Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar prevalências de queixas músculoesqueléticas nestes profissionais e delimitar uma zona de conforto de escrita na lousa. A avaliação das queixas foi realizada por meio de do Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares e Mapa de Desconforto Postural em 82 professores do ensino básico, fundamental e médio. A zona de conforto foi avaliada por meio de estudo psicofísico utilizando as Escalas Visual Analógica e de Borg. Os resultados mostraram que coluna, pernas e ombro direito apresentaram maiores índices de queixas e que a faixa entre 20 cm acima e 30 cm abaixo do nível do ombro não apresentam desconforto nesta atividade. Concluiu-se que professores podem apresentar sobrecarga postural dependendo das alturas em que utilizam a lousa para escrever / The pathologies of the shoulder represent the first removal by occupational diseases and teachers are included among professionals who have this joint overhead by performing postures. The objectives of this study were to identify the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints in these professionals and delimit a comfort zone of writing on the blackboard. A review of the complaints was performed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Map Postural Discomfort in 82 elementary school teachers, and high school. The comfort zone was evaluated by psychophysical study using the Visual Analogue Scales and Borg. The results showed that column, legs and right shoulder had higher rates of complaints and that the range between 20 cm above and 30 cm below the level of the shoulder discomfort not have this activity. It was concluded that teachers may exhibit overload posture depending on the use the times when writing blackboard

A condição de trabalho vivida por muitos trabalhadores de enfermagem, especialmente em instituições hospitalares, tem acarretado agravos à sua saúde, geralmente provenientes do ambiente de trabalho, da forma de organização e das atividades insalubres que executam. Os gestores hospitalares têm apresentado constante preocupação, em relação aos problemas osteomusculares e de fadiga, principalmente entre os profissionais de enfermagem, sendo comprovado pela literatura científica como questões de relevância significativa, que merecem um aprofundamento na identificação de suas causas e em propostas de ações para redução dos índices de ocorrência no âmbito hospitalar. Assim, este estudo objetivou avaliar as queixas de fadiga e de dores osteomusculares em trabalhadores de enfermagem de urgência e emergência. Estudo descritivo, transversal e quantitativo, realizado no setor de urgência e emergência de um hospital localizado em Minas Gerais, em 2016, com 37 trabalhadores de enfermagem. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados três instrumentos sendo, um instrumento de avaliação sociodemográfica e laboral; a Escala de Fadiga de Chalder para avaliação da Fadiga física e mental; e o Diagrama de Corlett para avaliação da presença e intensidade de dor e as regiões acometidas. O estudo foi aprovado pelo CEP da EERP, conforme parecer 1.689.255. Em relação aos resultados, a maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (73%), solteira (54,1%), com media de idade de 30,5 anos, sem hábitos de praticar atividade física (62,2%) e dormia entre 6 e 8 horas (78,3%). Com relação à categoria profissional, a maior parte deles era enfermeiros (43,2%), com tempo de atuação de até 5 anos na profissão e na instituição (40,57%; 59,4%) e de 3 anos no setor de urgência/emergência, com carga horária de 8h/dia (75,5%). Em relação à fadiga física, os trabalhadores relataram que às vezes: cansavam-se facilmente (32,4%), precisavam descansar mais (40,5%) e sentiam fraqueza (24,3%). Na fadiga mental, os trabalhadores relataram que às vezes: tiveram problemas de concentração (21,6%), dificuldade para pensar claramente (18,9%) e problemas de memória (10,8%). Na soma dos escores dos itens da fadiga, 35,1% possuíam fadiga. Em relação à dor osteomuscular, a região mais relatada com presença de dor foi a coluna vertebral, que se repete nas diversas classificações de intensidade de dor, seguida dos membros inferiores e superiores. Concluímos que não há evidências de associação entre as queixas de fadiga e as queixas de dores osteomusculares. Percebe-se então a necessidade de promoção de melhores condições de trabalho nos ambientes hospitalares. Isto porque, é preciso favorecer uma melhor qualidade de vida laboral e social dos profissionais de enfermagem / The work condition experienced by many nursing workers, especially in hospital institutions, has caused health problems, usually from the work environment, the organization and the unhealthy activities they perform. Hospital managers have shown constant concern with regard to musculoskeletal and fatigue problems, especially among nursing professionals, and it is proven by the scientific literature as issues of significant relevance that deserve a deepening in the identification of their causes and in proposals for actions to reduction of the occurrence rates in the hospital. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the complaints of fatigue and musculoskeletal pain in emergency and emergency nursing workers. Descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study, carried out in the emergency and emergency department of a hospital located in Minas Gerais, Brazil, in 2016, with 37 nursing workers. For data collection, three instruments were used: a sociodemographic and labor assessment instrument; the Chalder Fatigue Scale for Physical and Mental Fatigue Assessment; and the Corlett Diagram to evaluate the presence and intensity of pain and the regions affected. The study was approved by the CEP of the EERP, according to opinion 1,689,255. Regarding the results, the majority of the participants were female (73%), single (54.1%), mean age 30.5 years, no physical activity habits (62.2%) and sleep between 6 and 8 hours (78.3%). Regarding the professional category, the majority of them were nurses (43.2%), with a duration of up to 5 years in the profession and in the institution (40.57%, 59.4%) and 3 years in the urgency / emergency, with an hourly load of 8h / day (75.5%). Regarding physical fatigue, the workers reported that they sometimes tired easily (32.4%), needed rest (40.5%) and felt weak (24.3%). In mental fatigue, workers reported that at times: they had problems of concentration (21.6%), difficulty to think clearly (18.9%) and memory problems (10.8%). In the sum of the scores of the fatigue items, 35.1% had fatigue. Regarding osteomuscular pain, the most reported region with presence of pain was the spine, which is repeated in the various pain intensity classifications, followed by the lower and upper limbs. We conclude that there is no evidence of association between fatigue complaints and complaints of musculoskeletal pain. The need to promote better working conditions in hospital settings is then perceived. This is because, it is necessary to promote a better quality of work and social life of nursing professionals

Agriculture is a hazardous industry worldwide, and certain groups of agricultural workers are at increased risk of experiencing adverse health outcomes. Agricultural workforces are becoming increasingly transitional, as established and experienced workers exit the industry and new workers take their place. Limited occupational health surveillance exists among certain transitional agricultural workforces. In the US, beginning farmers, i.e., agricultural workers with 10 years or less experience operating a farm, may differ from established farmers in terms of their demographics, length of experience within the agricultural industry, and occupational exposures and health outcomes. Separately, South Indian tea harvesting workers are exposed to occupational physical demands that are risk factors for musculoskeletal health outcomes. However, few studies have examined associations between occupational demands and musculoskeletal pain among these workers. Furthermore, no studies have identified additional occupational health issues within the tea harvesting process. To address the lack of available knowledge on beginning farmers and tea harvesting workers, the goals of this mixed method study were to estimate the associations between musculoskeletal symptoms and occupational physical demands and occupational psychosocial stress among beginning farmers in the US and tea harvesting workers in South India. An additional goal was to identify occupational health issues within the tea harvesting process and to determine how tea harvesting workers conceptualize and prioritize these issues. An online survey was conducted among beginning farmers across the U.S. Participants answered questions about their demographics, personal health and farm characteristics, occupational physical demands, occupational psychosocial stress, and musculoskeletal symptoms of the low back, neck/shoulder, and elbow/wrist/hand. An interviewer-based survey was conducted among South Indian tea harvesting workers. Participants answered questions about their demographics, personal health, occupational physical demands, occupational psychosocial stress, and musculoskeletal symptoms of the neck/upper back, lower back, upper extremity region, and lower extremity region. A qualitative study was conducted using focus groups among South Indian tea harvesting workers and semi-structured interviews and structured interviews among South Indian tea harvesting workers and supervisors. Results from the cross sectional online survey concluded that musculoskeletal symptoms were common among beginning farmers. In addition, occupational physical demands were associated with musculoskeletal pain, particularly low back pain was associated with working in awkward and cramped positions, bending or twisting the back, and carrying, lifting, or moving heavy material by hand. Results from the cross sectional interviewer-based survey concluded that musculoskeletal symptoms were also common among South Indian tea harvesting workers. Musculoskeletal pain was associated with exposure to forceful exertions, awkward posture, and repetition. Finally, results from the qualitative study identified additional occupational health issues within tea harvesting, including the presence of animals and pelvic organ prolapse. The study further identified important influential stakeholders within the tea harvesting process. Findings from these three studies may be used to inform future health interventions among these transitional workforces.

Background: Type D personality, or the "distressed personality", is a psychosocial factor associated with negative health outcomes, although its impact in younger populations is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Type D personality and the associations between Type D personality and psychosomatic symptoms and musculoskeletal pain among adolescences. Methods: A population-based, self-reported cross-sectional study conducted in Vastmanland, Sweden with a cohort of 5012 students in the age between 15-18 years old. The participants completed the anonymous questionnaire Survey of Adolescent Life in Vastmanland 2008 during class hour. Psychosomatic symptoms and musculoskeletal pain were measured through index measuring the presence of symptoms and how common they were. DS14 and its two component subscales of negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI) were measured as well. Results: There was a difference depending on sex, where 10.4% among boys and 14.6% among girls (p = < 0.001) were defined as Type D personality. Boys and girls with a Type D personality had an approximately 2-fold increased odds of musculoskeletal pain and a 5-fold increased odds of psychosomatic symptoms. The subscale NA explained most of the relationship between Type D personality and psychosomatic symptoms and musculoskeletal pain. No interaction effect of NA and SI was found. Conclusions: There was a strong association between Type D personality and both psychosomatic symptoms and musculoskeletal pain where adolescent with a type D personality reported more symptoms. The present study contributes to the mapping of the influence of Type D on psychosomatic symptoms and musculoskeletal pain among adolescents.

Långvarig muskuloskeletal smärta är ett stort problem bland Sveriges befolkning idag. Vid långvarig muskuloskeletal smärta behövs copingstrategier för att möjliggöra hanteringen av smärtan. Vilka strategier en individ använder sig av är beroende på individens livshistoria. Det är av vikt att sjuksköterskan har ett holistiskt synsätt för att kunna ge stöd åt individen vid valet av copingstrategier. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att identifiera copingstrategier hos individer med långvarig muskuloskeletal smärta. I studien ingick 12 vetenskapliga artiklar varav 9 kvalitativa och 3 kvantitativa. Det framkom att individer med långvarig muskuloskeletal smärta använde sig av många olika copingstrategier som ingick under att förneka och acceptera, vilket kunde leda till misslyckad anpassning eller anpassning. Strategier vid acceptans och förnekande fungerade som redskap för individer med långvarig muskuloskeletal smärta vid coping. Synen på människan ska vara holistisk och sjuksköterskans omvårdnad ska fungera som ett stöd för individer med långvarig muskuloskeletal smärta vid valet av copingstrategier. Inga studier belyste betydelsen av sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsarbete vid individens val av copingstrategier. Mer forskning kring vad en sjuksköterska gör för att möjliggöra coping och utvecklingen av copingstrategier för individer med långvarig muskuloskeletal smärta efterlyses. / Chronic musculoskeletal pain is a big problem among the Swedish population today. To enable the management of the chronic musculoskeletal pain there is a need of coping strategies. What strategies an individual uses is depending on the individual’s story of life. It is important that nurses have a holistic approach to support individuals in the selection of coping strategies. The purpose of the literature study was to identify coping strategies in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain. In this study 12 research articles were included, of which 9 were qualitative and 3 were quantitative. The result showed that individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain used many different coping strategies that were included in denial and acceptance, which could lead to failed adaptation or adaptation. Strategies for acceptance and denial functioned as coping tools for individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Nurses’ care should act as a support for individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain in the choice of coping strategies and perception of the human being should be holistic. No studies revealed the importance of the nurse's care work in the choice of coping strategies. More research is desirable on what nurses need to do, to enable individuals to cope and develop coping strategies.

Background: Pain is a common consequence of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). While research into pain in SCI is vast, examining musculoskeletal pain (MSKP) and low back pain (LBP) are limited. This thesis aims to investigate these categories of pain in incomplete SCI (iSCI). The experience of pain is known to affect quality of life (QoL) and function. The impact of the experience of pain, particularly of LBP, on both the QoL and function are examined in this research. While research in similar fields is predominantly conducted in single nation populations this research is set out to study three different nations. Method: The following were part of this study: • A systematic literature review on the prevalence on chronic back pain (BP), LBP and MSKP in SCI. • A translation, and preliminary validation, into Greek of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM version III). • A cross-national survey conducted in the USA, UK and Greece. Questionnaires included the short-form McGill Pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ), EQ-5D and the SCIM III. They were collected either online or via post and 219 questionnaires were analysed. Results: The papers included in the systematic literature review were considerably heterogeneous not allowing meta-analysis to be made. 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the total number of participants in the studies were used. Among people with pain the prevalence of chronic MSKP (CMSKP) was 49% (95%CI 44%, 55%), of chronic BP (CBP) was 47% (95%CI 43%, 50%) and chronic LBP (CLBP) was 49% (95%CI 44%, 55%). GR-SCIM III maintains its unidimensionality and has acceptable internal consistency (α=0.78). Concurrent/criterion validity for the two cross-examined subscales were strong for “self-care” (ρ=-0.78) and moderate for “mobility” (ρ=-0.58). Unidimensionality was also confirmed for the English version of SCIM III, which had accepted internal consistency (α=0.79) and strong concurrent/criterion validity for “self-care” (ρ=-0.75) and moderate for “mobility” (ρ=-0.45). The survey results showed that the prevalence of current LBP is 67.9% (95%CI 61%, 73%) and of MSKP is 38.8% (95%CI 32%, 45%). LBP was of moderate intensity and most commonly described as “aching”. People who report pain, LBP or MSKP reported worse QoL. The impact of LBP on QoL was greater than that of pain in general or MSKP. The increased intensity of LBP correlated with worse function. Among the three participating countries, people from the UK had the worst experience of pain and LBP, classified themselves with the worst health status and reported the worst functional independence. Conclusion: This study offers the first systematic review on CLBP, CBP and CMSKP in SCI. It is unique in using SCIM III by self-report and into Greek. The results show that LBP is highly present in iSCI affecting both QoL and function. Both the GR-SCIM III and the SCIM III are reliable for use, however studies are needed to examine further their psychometric properties. The findings of the study fit with features of the currently used patients’ rehabilitation models.

<p>Diss. Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1998, härtill 8 delarbeten.</p> / digitalisering@umu

Bakgrund:  Långvarig smärta är idag ett mångfacetterat folkhälsoproblem. Smärtupplevelsen är komplex och påverkar människan utifrån flera dimensioner. Det vardagliga livet påverkas vilket skapar problem på såväl individ- som samhällsnivå. Sjuksköterskans roll är betydelsefull angående bemötandet och för patientens fortsatta utveckling av smärtupplevelsen. Syfte: Att beskriva patienters erfarenheter av att leva med långvarig muskuloskeletal smärta.  Metod: Littereraturöversikt baserad på tio kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar framsökta i databaserna CINAHL Complete och PubMed. Artiklarnas resultat analyserades och granskades utifrån skriftliga sammanfattningar och teman framställdes med hjälp av färgkodning. Resultat: Centrala erfarenheter som framkom var att deltagarna upplevde sig känslomässigt involverade, vilket även visades påverka smärtupplevelsen. Inställningen till och hanteringen av smärtan, livet och framtiden påverkades av yttre faktorer och förmågan till acceptans. Analysen genererade fem teman: smärtans påverkan i vardagen, smärtans påverkan av självbilden, strategier, bemötandet från hälso- och sjukvården och balans mellan hopp och förtvivlan. Diskussion: Livet med långvarig smärta innebär ofta ett stort lidande för människan. Eriksson beskrivning av livslidande, vårdlidande och sjukdomslidande ligger till grund för resultatdiskussionen. Även betydelsen av acceptans, omvårdnaden och hoppet diskuteras i förhållande till relevant forskning och litteraturöversiktens resultat.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daiane.pdf: 273296 bytes, checksum: 59a8d49799478934a2cab165e5f7740f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Introdução: Devido a aumento da longevidade da população, nos últimos ano tem-se observado um aumento da prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) e com isso a ocorrência de desordens musculoesqueléticas associadas às doenças cardiovasculares. As doenças cardiovasculares têm sido associadas à presença de desordens musculoesqueléticas. A dor presente nestas comorbidades pode constituir um fator limitante para prática de exercício nesta população. No entanto foi encontrado apenas um instrumento específico para avaliar a dor musculoesquelética em participantes de programas de Reabilitação Cardiopulmonar e Metabólica (RCPM). Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi construir e validar um instrumento e avaliar a dor musculoesquelética em repouso e durante em participantes de RCPM. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, com amostragem não probabilística. Foram realizados procedimentos teóricos, empíricos e analíticos. Participaram do estudo 87 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, participantes de programas de RCPM na cidade de Florianópolis. A análise de concordância entre avaliadores (juízes) foi verificada pelo teste w de Kendall, a consistência interna dos itens por meio do alfa de Cronbach, e reprodutibilidade e estabilidade de medidas através do teste e reteste (Coeficiente de correlação intraclasse - CCI e Coeficiente de Kappa). Para a da dor musculoesquelética Para análise descritiva dos dados, foi utilizado distribuição de frequências (n,%), média de desvio padrão (m, DP). A associação de variáveis categóricas foi realizada por meio do teste de Qui-quadrado. As médias foram comparadas pelo teste T para amostras independentes. Resultados: A concordância entre avaliadores se mostrou significativa (p=0,001). A consistência interna apresentou valores satisfatórios (alfa-Cronbach>0,82). O teste-reteste sinalizou boa reprodutibilidade e estabilidade de medidas (CCI<0,40 e Kappa<0,60), sendo considerados satisfatórios. Dos 87 indivíduos, 65,5% eram homens, com idade média 65,33 (DP±9,96). Observou-se que 64, % apresentou dor, sendo 48,3% em repouso, com características predominantemente de dor crônica. Os locais de dor mais referidos foram coluna lombar, joelho e ombro, tanto no repouso como durante o exercício. As características clínicas dos indivíduos com e sem dor eram semelhantes e não houve associação da dor um com diagnóstico específico. Em relação aos aspectos psicossociais e prática de exercício, os escores referentes as estas questões apresentaram média de 22, 55 (DP±20,94) de um total de 100 pontos, sugerindo baixa interferência. Conclusão: A avaliação da dor musculoesquelética em participantes de programa de RCPM, através do Questionário pra avaliação da dor musculoesquelética em participantes de RCPM (QADOM), possibilitou a prevalência de dor nos indivíduos, identificar as características das dores relatadas (locais, intensidade, tipo de dor), e sua interferência nos aspectos psicossociais e prática de exercício. Com isso conclui-se que o QADOM é um instrumento, sensível, prático e de fácil aplicação para ser utilizado na prática clínica.