Periodontal disease (PD) is a polymicrobial infection characterized by inflammation of the gingiva, alveolar bone resorption, and tooth loss (edentulism). Treponema denticola along with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia are among the “Red Complex” and are main etiological agents in PD. Treponemes are a member of the Spirochaeta phylum and are obligate anaerobes, that express pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR). The enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and reduced ferredoxin. Amixicile is a novel bacteriostatic derivative of nitazoxanide and an inhibitor of PFOR. In light of the fact that Treponemes express PFOR, this study was conducted to investigate the susceptibility of oral Treponemes to AMX. All oral Treponemes tested were susceptible to AMX and the MIC values were determined ranging of 1.5-4.5 μg mL-1 for an initial starting cell concentration of 1.9x106 cells mL-1. Other potentially therapeutic effects for AMX for T. denticola were investigated: motility, hydrogen sulfide production, and serum sensitivity. AMX reduced overall spirochete motility by 50% at sub-MIC concentrations. There was a dose dependent decrease in H2S production in T. denticola at sub-MIC and MIC values. Furthermore, prior exposure of AMX led to increases in serum sensitivity. Taking into account the fact that other periodontal red complex bacteria express PFOR, AMX could serve as a new selective adjunctive treatment for periodontal disease.

Invasive Pilzinfektionen stellen ein großes Problem bei Transplantatempfängern dar. Candida und Aspergillus spp. sind die häufigsten pathogenen Pilze bei Patienten nach KMT und Organtransplantationen. Diese Infektionen sind durch eine hohe Morbidität und Mortalität gekennzeichnet, insbesondere bei Patienten mit persistierender Granulozytopenie und damit jene nach allogener KMT. Die Mortalitätsrate kann durch eine Frühdiagnostik und durch Gabe einer geeigneten Therapie wesentlich reduziert werden. Die Symptome und Zeichen einer systemischen Pilzinfektion sind bei Transplantatempfängern untypisch. Die serologische Diagnostik von invasiven Candidosen oder Aspergillosen stellt eine zusätzliche Möglichkeit zur klinischen Untersuchung und anderen diagnostischen Maßnahmen dar. Diese Untersuchung umfasste 252 Patienten (17 Patienten nach KMT) und 235 Patienten von Intensivtherapiestationen (z. B. nach Organtransplantationen) in den Jahren 1991-1994 von der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (Charite). Die Patientenseren wurden routinemäßig auf das Vorkommen einer Candida- und Aspergillus Antigenämie geprüft. Zum Nachweis von zirkulierendem Galactomannan wurde ein Latex Agglutinationstest- Pastorex Candida und Aspergillus, Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur, genutzt. Invasive Aspergillus-Pilzinfektionen wurden bei acht von 235 Patienten unter Intensivtherapie gefunden. Alle acht Patienten mit invasiver Aspergillose hatten einen positiven Aspergillus-Antigen-Test. Der direkte Nachweis von Antigenbestandteilen von Candida oder Aspergillus spp. erwies sich als vielversprechender frühdiagnostischer Test bei kritisch kranken und immunsupprimierten Patienten. / Invasive fungal infections are a major problem in transplant recipients. Candida and Aspergillus spp. are the most common fungal pathogens causing infection in patients undergoing BMT or solid organ transplantation. These infections are characterised by high morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with persistent granulocytopenia and in these receiving allogeneic bone marrow transplant. The mortality rate can be substantially reduced if an early diagnosis is made and the proper therapy given. The symptoms and signs of deep fungal infection in the transplant recipients are unreliable and often absent regardless of the type of organism or the site of infection. Laboratory tests are essential to establish the diagnosis of invasive fungal infection. The serological diagnosis of invasive candidosis or aspergillosis is at best an adjunct to clinical evaluation and other diagnostic procedures. The study comprises 252 patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (17 patients) and 235 patients from intensive care units (for instance after solid organ transplantation) in the years 1991-1994 at the Humboldt-University of Berlin (Charité). The serum of the patients were routinely screened for the occurrence of Candida and Aspergillus antigenemia (circulating galactomannan was detected using a latex agglutination test-Pastorex Candida and Aspergillus, Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur). Invasive Aspergillus fungal infection was found in eight of the 235 intensive care patients. All these eight patients with invasive aspergillosis had an positive Aspergillus antigen test. The direct detection of antigenic components of Aspergillus and Candida spp. in serum appears promising as an early diagnostic test in critical ill and immunocompromised patients.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-22T17:27:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 is2.pdf: 1552188 bytes, checksum: 842b31ea5e16c999c9c802e21d14ccce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-22 / Tinea nigra is a rare superficial mycosis caused by Hortaea werneckii. This infection presents as asymptomatic brown to black macule mostly in palmo-plantar regions. This study presents dermatoscopy examination of a lesion, which demonstrated a homogeneous nonmelanocytic pigmented pattern with spicules in the macula; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of the fungal culture, showing sympodial conidiogenesis; and SEM examination of a sample of the lesion, that revealed the epidermis with keratinocytes, elimination of fungal filaments and important aggregation of hyphae. SEM s findings correlated with those of dermatoscopic examination and allowed also documenting the mode of dissemination of tinea nigra, showing how hyphae are eliminated on lesion s surface / Tinea nigra é uma rara micose superficial causada pelo fungo Hortaea werneckii. Esta infecção apresenta-se como mancha assintomática acastanhada ou enegrecida, mais frequentemente na região palmo-plantar. Foram realizados neste estudo: dermatoscopia de uma lesão, a qual demonstrou um padrão homogêneo de pigmentação nãomelanocítica com espículas na mácula; microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) da cultura fúngica, mostrando conidiogênese simpodial; e MEV de uma amostra da lesão, a qual revelou epiderme com queratinócitos, eliminação de filamentos fúngicos e importante agregação de hifas. Os achados de MEV se correlacionaram com aqueles do exame dermatoscópico e ainda permitiram documentar o modo de disseminação da tinea nigra, demonstrando como as hifas são eliminadas na superfície da lesão

Introdução: Fungos são alérgenos cuja importância nas doenças alérgicas respiratórias é subestimada por falta de extratos alergênicos adequados para diagnóstico, quer através de testes cutâneos, quer através de dosagem de IgE específica. Botucatu possui características próprias por se localizar numa \"cuesta\" e possuir vegetação variada que cobre grande parte da cidade. A partir das plantas os fungos ganham o ar através da esporulação podendo ser inalados e sensibilizar pacientes com alergias respiratórias. Este trabalho se propõe a estudar quais os fungos mais prevalentes em Botucatu e a taxa de sensibilização dos principais gêneros entre os portadores de asma e rinite procedentes dessa região. Casuística e Métodos: Foi desenvolvido um aparelho caça esporos para a captura dos mesmos em quatro pontos da cidade. Foram feitas cinco coletas/ponto/semana durante um ano para contagem e identificação das UFC (unidades formadoras de colônias). Foram selecionados pacientes de Botucatu e região com asma e rinite, nos quais se aplicou testes de puntura para os principais alérgenos, incluindo onze diferentes fungos. Foram também realizados testes intradérmicos com extratos de fungos nos pacientes cujo teste de puntura ao fungo em questão tenha sido negativo. Resultados: Foram identificados 67 gêneros sendo os mais prevalentes: Cladosporium, Epicoccum, Levedura, Aspergillus, Helminthosporium, Nigrospora, Monilia, Fusarium, Hyalodendrum, Penicillium, Curvularia, Humicola, Alternaria, Trichoderma e Sphaerosporium. Foram selecionados 207 pacientes dos quais 118 (57%) apresentaram pelo menos um teste positivo a fungo. O teste intradérmico foi responsável por 88% do diagnóstico de sensibilização A dosagem de IgE específica mostrou baixa sensibilidade (4%). Os fungos mais sensibilizantes foram: Aspergillus, Neurospora, Candida, Penicillium e Cladosporium. Observou-se maior positividade a fungos no grupo de asma grave, sendo que Aspergillus, Neurospora e Candida foram mais prevalentes nesse grupo. Encontrou-se associação positiva entre pacientes com asma atendidos em Pronto-Socorros durante o ano estudado e o total de UFC nesse período. Conclusões: Os fungos mais prevalentes no planeta são também encontrados em Botucatu, embora haja fungos característicos dessa região; a sensibilização a fungos é expressiva na população estudada e guarda relação com maior gravidade da asma; o teste intradérmico foi o melhor meio diagnóstico para sensibilização a fungos / Purpose: Fungi are allergens whose importance has been underestimated due to the absence of reliable extracts for the diagnosis of sensitization in vivo or in vitro. Botucatu has unique characteristics because of its location on a \"cuesta\" and its varied vegetation which cover a large area of the city. The fungi reach the air from the plants through sporulation and they can be inhaled and sensitize patients with allergic diseases. Here we studied the most prevalent fungi in the air of Botucatu and the rate of sensitization to the main fungi genus among patients with asthma and rhinitis. Methods: We developed a spore trap to catch the spores from the air in four points in the city. Five collections were taken weekly during a whole year. Colony forming units (CFU) were counted and the fungi on Petri dishes were classified. Patients with asthma and rhinitis have been selected and submitted to prick tests with the main allergens including eleven different types of fungi. Intradermal tests with fungi extract were also performed in the patients whose prick test to these fungi had been negative. Results: Sixty-seven genus of fungi have been identified and the more prevalent were: Cladosporium, Epicoccum, yeast, Aspergillus, Helminthosporium, Nigrospora, Monilia, Fusarium, Hyalodendrum, Penicillium, Curvularia, Humicola, Alternaria, Trichoderma and Sphaerosporium. Two hundred and seven patients have been selected and 118 (57%) have been at least one positive test to fungus. Intradermal test made the diagnosis in 88% of all diagnostics of sensitization, whereas \"in vitro\" specific IgE had low sensibility (4%). The more sensitizer fungi were: Aspergillus, Neurospora, Candida, Penicillium and Cladosporium. There was a significant correlation between severe asthma and fungi sensitization and the fungi more prevalent in that group of patient were: Aspergillus, Neurospora and Candida. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the number of asthmatic patients attended in Emergencies and the total of CFU in the study period. Conclusion: We recognize in the air fungi specific to Botucatu although the most prevalent fungi are the same found in other places in the world; the fungi sensitization among patients with allergic respiratory diseases is meaningful and correlated with asthma severity; the intradermal test was the best mean to diagnose fungi sensitization

A criptococose é uma infecção fúngica causada pela levedura encapsulada Cryptococcus neoformans que acomete freqüentemente o meningoencéfalo de pacientes imunocomprometidos. No Brasil, cerca de 6% dos pacientes com AIDS desenvolvem a criptococose. A construção da resposta imune na criptococose envolve fagócitos e linfócitos T e B presentes no granuloma. Atualmente, são descritos três subtipos de linfócitos B: linfócitos B-1 a, B-1 b e B-2, o último conhecido como linfócito B \"convencional\". Os linfócitos B-1 (B-1a e B-1b) expressam concomitantemente imunofenótipo de macrófagos, células B e células T. Estes linfócitos receberam o nome de fagócitos mononucleares derivados de linfócitos B-1 e possuem a capacidade de migrar do peritônio até um foco inflamatório não específico, fagocitarem, expressarem antígeno e secretarem anticorpos e citocinas. Portanto, avaliamos a participação destes linfócitos B-1 na criptococose através de ensaios in vitro e in vivo com duas cepas diferentes de Cryptococcus neoformans variedade neoformans sorotipo A. Os linfócitos B-1 fagocitaram e destruiram as leveduras de Cryptococcus neoformans, principalmente na presença de complemento. Altas produções de NO encontradas no sobrenadante de cultura do ensaio de fagocitose associada à alta atividade peroxidásica e capacidade destes linfócitos em gerar EROs, poderiam justificar a alta atividade de \"killing\" encontrada nestes linfócitos B-1. Ainda, quando estimuladas com o fungo, os linfócitos B-1 secretaram principalmente IL-12 e IFN-γ, enquanto a IL-10 diminuiu significativamente. Na infecção experimental os camundongos BALB/xid, desprovidos de linfócitos B-1, apresentaram maior susceptibilidade à criptococose, com ambas as cepas, quando comparados aos camundongos BALB controle (BALB/c). Estes animais BALB/xid apresentaram maior carga fúngica nos órgãos baço, fígado e pulmão e morreram precocemente. A concentração de IL-10 foi maior nos órgãos dos camundongos BALB/xid, enquanto a IL-4 aumentou nos camundongos BALB/c. A concentração das citocinas de padrão Th1 (IL-12, IFN-γ e IL-2). consideradas protetoras na criptococose foi maior nos camundongos BALB/c. Além· da produção de citocinas protetoras, os órgãos dos camundongos BALB/c infectados com a cepa de menor cápsula apresentaram um maior população de linfócitos B-1. Estes linfócitos provavelmente estavam participando do processo inflamatório e contribuindo para a cura da infecção. Embora outras investigações sejam necessárias para melhor compreendermos a participação de linfócitos B-1 na criptococose, podemos considerar que estas células interagem com leveduras de Cryptococcus neoformans e podem ser decisivas para uma resposta protetora na criptococose experimental. / Abstract not available.

A criptococose é uma infecção fúngica causada pela levedura encapsulada Cryptococcus neoformans que acomete freqüentemente o meningoencéfalo de pacientes imunocomprometidos. No Brasil, cerca de 6% dos pacientes com AIDS desenvolvem a criptococose. A construção da resposta imune na criptococose envolve fagócitos e linfócitos T e B presentes no granuloma. Atualmente, são descritos três subtipos de linfócitos B: linfócitos B-1 a, B-1 b e B-2, o último conhecido como linfócito B \"convencional\". Os linfócitos B-1 (B-1a e B-1b) expressam concomitantemente imunofenótipo de macrófagos, células B e células T. Estes linfócitos receberam o nome de fagócitos mononucleares derivados de linfócitos B-1 e possuem a capacidade de migrar do peritônio até um foco inflamatório não específico, fagocitarem, expressarem antígeno e secretarem anticorpos e citocinas. Portanto, avaliamos a participação destes linfócitos B-1 na criptococose através de ensaios in vitro e in vivo com duas cepas diferentes de Cryptococcus neoformans variedade neoformans sorotipo A. Os linfócitos B-1 fagocitaram e destruiram as leveduras de Cryptococcus neoformans, principalmente na presença de complemento. Altas produções de NO encontradas no sobrenadante de cultura do ensaio de fagocitose associada à alta atividade peroxidásica e capacidade destes linfócitos em gerar EROs, poderiam justificar a alta atividade de \"killing\" encontrada nestes linfócitos B-1. Ainda, quando estimuladas com o fungo, os linfócitos B-1 secretaram principalmente IL-12 e IFN-γ, enquanto a IL-10 diminuiu significativamente. Na infecção experimental os camundongos BALB/xid, desprovidos de linfócitos B-1, apresentaram maior susceptibilidade à criptococose, com ambas as cepas, quando comparados aos camundongos BALB controle (BALB/c). Estes animais BALB/xid apresentaram maior carga fúngica nos órgãos baço, fígado e pulmão e morreram precocemente. A concentração de IL-10 foi maior nos órgãos dos camundongos BALB/xid, enquanto a IL-4 aumentou nos camundongos BALB/c. A concentração das citocinas de padrão Th1 (IL-12, IFN-γ e IL-2). consideradas protetoras na criptococose foi maior nos camundongos BALB/c. Além· da produção de citocinas protetoras, os órgãos dos camundongos BALB/c infectados com a cepa de menor cápsula apresentaram um maior população de linfócitos B-1. Estes linfócitos provavelmente estavam participando do processo inflamatório e contribuindo para a cura da infecção. Embora outras investigações sejam necessárias para melhor compreendermos a participação de linfócitos B-1 na criptococose, podemos considerar que estas células interagem com leveduras de Cryptococcus neoformans e podem ser decisivas para uma resposta protetora na criptococose experimental. / Abstract not available.

As a foodborne pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encounters many barriers to invasion and dissemination in the host that may change the nature of host response. Lm has been most commonly studied using intravenous (i.v.) inoculation, however, a method that delivers a bolus of bacteria directly to the bloodstream. Thus, little is known about what systemic and local mediators are triggered during the natural course of infection and how these may impact susceptibility. Our laboratory used foodborne transmission of Lm in mice to assess whether the method of transmission and the specific organ microenvironment could affect infection-induced secretion of type I interferon or prostaglandin E2. Type I interferon is a pro-inflammatory effector secreted in response to viruses that has been proposed to paradoxically down-regulate innate immunity to intracellular bacteria. In contrast to i.v. infection, type I interferon was not detrimental to the immune response when Lm were acquired orally. In fact, most of the anti-inflammatory effects of type I interferon in the spleen were attributable to i.v. but not foodborne infection. Importantly however, downregulation of the receptor for interferon gamma (IFNGR1), previously ascribed to the type I interferon response, was found to be a consequence of infection and unrelated to type I interferon. In the liver, robust recruitment and activation of neutrophils (PMN) is thought to be required for initiation of Lm immunity. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a lipid mediator most commonly associated with pain and fever that has also been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory or tolerogenic effects. It is unknown, however, whether foodborne infection induces PGE2 in the liver and if PGE2 then down-regulates PMN activities. Recruitment of PMN to the liver following foodborne infection was robust in both susceptible and resistant animals. Bone marrow PMN from each killed Lm ex vivo with similar efficiency, thus suggesting that if PMN were dysfunctional during the course of natural infection, they were responding to cues in the microenvironment. Accordingly, significantly more PGE2 was made ex vivo by cells from the livers of susceptible animals than from resistant animals. When PGE2 was applied to naïve PMN prior to exposure to Lm, it consistently dampened the killing efficiency of these cells, suggesting that this lipid better known for its pro-inflammatory roles might have anti-inflammatory effects during Lm infection. Overall, these studies indicate that mediators produced as a result of infection may have very different roles dependent on route of inoculation, timing, and the specific organ examined.

Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram negative anaerobe implicated in the progression of periodontal disease, is capable of surviving and causing infection despite high levels of reactive nitrogen species found in the oral cavity due to its efficient nitrosative stress response. HcpR is an important sensor-regulator that plays a vital step in the initiation of the nitrosative stress response in many Gram negative anaerobic bacteria. We employ a combination of X-ray crystallography, SAXS, resonance Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and molecular biology techniques to better understand this key regulator. Knockout of the hcpR gene in W83 P. gingivalis results in the inability of the bacteria to grow in physiological concentrations of nitrite and complementation of hcpR using the novel plasmid Pg108 rescues this phenotype. HcpR causes a drastic, dose dependent upregulation of PG0893, a gene coding for a putative NO reductase, when exposed to nitrite or nitric oxide. Full transcriptome sequencing reveals that hcp is the only significantly upregulated gene when P. gingivalis is exposed to nitrite and knockout of hcp resulted in a phenotype that is similar to that of the hcpR deficient strain. HcpR directly regulates the expression of hcp via direct binding to an inverted repeat sequence in the promoter region of the hcp gene. We present a 2.6 Å crystal structure of the N-terminal sensing domain of HcpR and show that it is FNR-CRP regulator. A putative hydrophobic heme binding pocket was identified in the junction between the N-terminal domain and the dimerization helix. Mutation of two methionine residues (Met68 and Met145) in this pocket abrogates activation of HcpR thus verifying the binding site. Heme bound to HcpR exhibits heme iron as a hexa-coordinate system in the absence of nitric oxide (NO) and upon nitrosylation transitions to a penta-coordinated system. Finally, Small Angle X-ray Scattering experiments of the full length HcpR reveal that the C-terminal DNA binding domain of HcpR has a high degree of interdomain flexibility.

Streptococcus sanguinis, an abundant and benign inhabitant of the oral cavity, is an important etiologic agent of infective endocarditis, particularly in people with pre-disposing cardiac valvular damage. Although commonly isolated from patients with IE, little is known about the factors that make any particular S. sanguinis isolate more virulent than another or, indeed, whether significant differences in virulence exist among isolates. To investigate the virulence of multiple isolates, a variation of the Bar-seq (barcode sequencing) method was employed. A conserved chromosomal site was identified for subsequent insertion of a barcode identifier, unique for each strain. Barcode insertion did not affect growth in vitro or in a rabbit model of endocarditis. Pooling of these strains and inoculation into rabbits demonstrated that all strains were capable of causing disease; however, virulence varied widely among strains. Genomic comparisons of the more virulent strains versus less virulent strains failed to conclusively identify any single gene responsible for virulence. Given this result, we continued our examination of the manganese transport system SsaACB, which is present in every strain of S. sanguinis examined. Although its contribution to virulence has not been confirmed in any strain other than SK36, it has been shown to be required for virulence in multiple species of streptococci, making it a candidate for emerging targeted therapies. In S. sanguinis strain SK36, previous studies have confirmed that loss of the manganese transport protein SsaB is tantamount to loss of virulence. Moreover, ssaB-deficient mutants are deficient for serum growth—a phenotype we have previously found to be associated with virulence. Our in vitro studies of manganese transporter-deficient strain SK36 supported this, but also revealed the emergence of suppressor mutants. In each suppressor mutant that was isolated, mutations were identified that mapped to a common gene, SSA_0696. Deletion of SSA_0696 resulted in restored in vitro growth in the ssaACB-deficient background, unearthing a novel mechanism for bacterial growth under manganese limitation. Fortunately, the suppressor mutant phenotype was not maintained in vivo; however, the combined results of these experiments suggest the efficacy of future therapeutics may require consideration of virulence at the species level and the incorporation of multiple targets.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T13:55:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Priscila Ventorim Lisboa Ferreira.pdf: 1031724 bytes, checksum: c897be36746643eea3eee9da896e7d40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-14 / Introdução: Diversas alterações cutâneas têm sido descritas nos pacientes transplantados renais, sendo a maior parte delas relativas aos efeitos imunossupressores diretos ou aos efeitos colaterais das drogas e podem ser agrupadas em infecções virais, bacterianas e fúngicas, lesões pré-neoplásicas e neoplásicas e iatrogênicas. Objetivos: 1- Determinar os agentes etiológicos e formas clínicas das micoses observadas nos pacientes transplantados renais estudados. 2- Correlacionar a ocorrência de micose com esquema imunossupressor. 3- Avaliar a prevalência de micoses em relação às dermatoses bacterianas e virais. Materiais e métodos: Estudo descritivo tipo corte transversal, com amostragem por conveniência, que avaliou 82 pacientes transplantados renais em regime de medicações imunossupressoras, atendidos em um hospital da Grande Vitória (ES), nos anos de 2011 e 2012. Após exame dermatológico foram realizados exames micológicos através de microscopia e cultura, quando necessários. Resultados: A casuística consistiu, na maioria, de pacientes do sexo masculino, pardos e com média de idade de 49,2 anos. O esquema imunossupressor mais frequente foi a combinação de Prednisona + Tacrolimus + Micofenolato sódico (46,3%) e foi o mais relacionado às dermatomicoses. O percentual de dermatomicoses foi de 28%, sendo 19,5% de onicomicoses, 6,1% de pitiríase versicolor e 2,4% de tineas. Com relação às dermatoses infecciosas, 7,3% apresentaram verrugas vulgares, 2,4% herpes simples e o mesmo percentual de 1,22% para molusco contagioso, erisipela e furunculose. O grupo de pacientes com transplante tardio (entre 3 e 5 anos) foi o que apresentou maior frequência de dermatomicoses. Conclusões: Os aspectos clínicos das dermatomicoses foram semelhantes, porém mais freqüentes que aqueles observados na população em geral. O percentual de dermatoses infecciosas foi similar ao da população imunocompetente / Introduction: Several cutaneous changes have been reported in renal transplant recipients, most of them due to immunosuppressive effects or side effects of the drugs and can be grouped into viral, bacterial and fungal infections, pre-neoplastic and neoplastic, and iatrogenic. Objectives: 1 - Determine the etiologic agents and clinical forms of mycoses observed in renal transplant recipients studied. 2 - Correlate the occurrence of fungal infection with immunosuppressive regimen and time of transplantation. 3 - Evaluate the frequency of bacterial and viral skin diseases. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with convenience sampling, which evaluated 82 renal transplant recipients under immunosuppressive medications, treated at a hospital in Vitória (ES) in the years 2011 and 2012. After dermatological examination, skin scrapings were performed by light microscopy and mycological culture. Results: The sample consisted mostly of males and a mean age of 49.2 years. The most frequent regimen was the combination of Prednisone + Tacrolimus + Mycophenolate sodium (46.3%) and it was the most related to dermatomycoses. The frequency of dermatomycoses was 28%, with 19.5% of onychomycosis, 6.1% of pitiryasis versicolor and 2.4% of Tineas. We also found 7.3% of common warts, 2.4% of herpes simplex and the same percentage of 1.22% for molluscum contagiosum, erysipelas and furunculosis. The group of patients with late transplant (between 3 and 5 years) showed the highest frequency of dermatomycoses. Conclusions: The clinical aspects of dermatomycoses was similar but it was more frequent than that observed in the general population. The percentage of cutaneous infections was similar to that of immunocompetent population