Mapping in the Antigonish Highlands of Nova Scotia has resulted in a complete re-interpretation of the geological history of the region and its significance in the Avalon Zone. This study defines three new groups; the Georgeville Group (Precambrian) and the Iron Brook and MacDonald Brook Groups (both Cambrian). / The Georgeville Group records a progressively deepening depositional environment, from basalt and interbedded marbles at the base giving way to greywackes and shales. Basalts have ocean-floor affinities, but also show some island-arc characteristics. The Georgeville Group may have been deposited in a marginal basin, possibly related to the Precambrian island arc volcanism in southeastern Cape Breton. Possible correlatives include the Mona Complex in Anglesey, Wales. In the late Precambrian the rocks were polydeformed, metamorphosed (greenschist facies) and post-tectonically intruded by gabbro and alaskite. / Cambrian rocks unconformably overly the Georgeville Group and consist of either fluviatile to shallow marine sediments (Iron Brook Group) or laterally equivalent interbedded sediments and volcanic rocks (MacDonald Brook Group). Basalts are alkalic, and probably erupted in continental extensional tectonic regime. The succession is similar to other Avalonian rocks of Cambridge age. Thrusting and isoclinal folding, probably during the Taconic Orogeny, is attributed to local transcurrent fault movement, possibly during the closure of the Iapetus Ocean. / Part 2 of this study focused on the late Precambrian intrusion of a water-rich gabbro (appinite) into marble and basalt of the Georgeville Group. Contamination of the wet magma by the host rocks probably resulted in supersolidus mobility of elements with variations in X(CO(,2)) in the magma and in the fluid phase. Trends closely mimic those expected from crystal fractionation and may be attributed to variable partitioning between H(,2)O-rich silicate melt, CO(,2)-rich silicate melt and a CO(,2)-rich vapour. Alteration trends in the host basalt are virtually opposite to those in the intrusive rock suggesting exchange between them. The extent of alteration defines the edge of the transport system. These processes may account for the occurrence of felsic dykes near the contact zones and for a nearby stock of alaskite. More generally, super-solidus mobility due to variations in X(CO(,2)) may be an important mechanism of fractionation, causing compositional gradients in silicic magma chambers similar to those caused by crystal fractionation. This type of mobility may also be significant in the genesis of bimodal or mixed alkalic-tholeiitic suites.

The questions raised in this study focus on several dimensions of the migration from Coalville. (1) What social characteristics distinguish people who stay from people who migrate? (2) What are the geographical destinations of the migrants? (3) When individuals leave the community, what kind of jobs and industries do they move into? (4) What "channels of communication" assist the process of migration from Coalville.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Catarina, Centro de Ciencias da Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-17T09:07:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2016-01-08T22:59:37Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 148693.pdf: 6977598 bytes, checksum: 3b24d7724e53d25a009399d7b661c553 (MD5) / Verificar o significado das representações sociais e das perspectivas de vida, elaboradas pelas mulheres fumicultoras sobre si mesmas, a partir da articulação entre gênero e trabalho, no município de Nova Trento/SC. Inserimos nosso objeto de estudo no conjunto de questões que dizem respeito a sua relação com a indústria fumageira Souza Cruz, cuja organização da produção se dá na força de trabalho familiar em suas propriedades. Nosso olhar está voltado à situação de trabalho das fumicultoras, sob os efeitos do capital, articulado às relações estabelecidas com seus companheiros e filhos, e com o campo simbólico socialmente construído que, em geral, prescreve um modelo ideal, através do qual a mulher se reconhece e é reconhecida socialmente. Buscamos compreender, através das representações sociais, como os aspectos do trabalho, articulados às suas relações de gênero, são vinculados à representação cultural que fazem sobre si mesmas e quanto isso lhes possibilita construir perspectivas de vida, uma vez que, no grupo estudado, a construção de gênero é essencializada a partir do sexo biológico, legitimada pelo sexo cultural, e perpassada por relações com significados diferenciados e desfavoráveis para as mulheres. Quanto à metodologia de pesquisa, optamos por uma abordagem qualitativa, baseada em entrevistas semiestruturadas (26 fumicultoras e 3 instrutores técnicos), guiadas por um roteiro de perguntas, capazes de atender os diferentes aspectos propostos pela pesquisa. Apontamos para a necessidade de se trabalhar a educação numa perspectiva de gênero, e propormos novos espaços de trabalho na escola e na comunidade.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em História / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T22:11:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 226533.pdf: 6144048 bytes, checksum: aec0f4fc36d5fd54a650683740bd1933 (MD5) / Esta dissertação trata de um estudo sobre a relação entre turismo e religiosidade a partir do estudo de caso do Santuário de Santa Paulina do Coração Agonizante de Jesus, em Nova Trento, no período de 1991 a 2005. Foi adotado o método de História Oral com a participação de diferentes atores, destacando-se os peregrinos ou passantes mais comumente denominados de turistas e os residentes no Município. De modo complementar foram consultadas outras fontes, como jornais, documentos dos Arquivos Públicos e Eclesiásticos, Dissertações, Teses e outras referências de estudos acadêmicos. O estudo foi construído com um suporte teórico acerca da religiosidade e da constituição mercantil - fé e espaço comercial. As informações construídas com os dados obtidos foram sistematizadas em três capítulos que tratam de alguns aspectos da unificação italiana, buscando analisar os aspectos religiosos e a interferência da Igreja Católica no dia-a-dia dos camponeses e a vinda destes para o Brasil, no grande êxodo italiano, no final do século XIX, para fazer la Merica. No segundo capítulo, Os passantes em busca de néctar: no Santuário de Santa Paulina, foi dada visibilidade aos peregrinos que visitam o local, a fim de perceber as motivações que os levaram a tal ação. Foi tratada também a religião na pós-modernidade e o seu empoderamento pelas Irmãzinhas da Imaculada Conceição, construindo uma cenografia do sagrado. No terceiro e último capítulo a Imagem de Santa Paulina: como sal da terra, procurou-se analisar a atuação da prefeitura e dos empresários para identificar o turismo como fonte econômica para o município e os seus vizinhos, afirmando-se como um local para que os descendentes de italianos fizessem a cuccagna.

Classical novae (CNe) are interacting binary systems whose outbursts are powered by a thermonuclear runaway in accreted material on the surface of a white dwarf (WD). The secondary stars in such systems fill their Roche lobe and material is transferred onto the WD primary star via an accretion disk. Recurrent novae (RNe) show many similarities to CNe, but have had more than one recorded outburst. They play an important role as one of the suspected progenitor systems of Type Ia supernovae (SNe) which are used as primary distance indicators in cosmology. Thus, it is important to investigate the nature of their central binary systems to determine the relation between the parameters of the central system and outburst type, and finally ascertain the population of novae that might be available to give rise to the progenitors of Type Ia SNe. The investigation looking for characteristics that may distinguish RNe from CNe systems, the selection of initial targets for detailed study, and results of the investigation are presented in this thesis. The proposal that RNe occupy a region separated from CNe in an outburst amplitude versus speed class diagram was adopted. Since the low amplitude results from the existence of an evolved secondary and/or high mass transfer rate in the quiescent system, RNe candidates should accordingly have low amplitude. The 93 novae with observed V amplitudes given in the literature and 43 novae with photographic amplitudes have been combined and plotted on an outburst amplitude versus rate of decline diagram from which 16 target novae suspected to be RNe candidates were selected for photometric and spectroscopic follow-up. Quiescent photometric magnitudes and spectra were obtained using RATCam on LT, FRODOSpec on LT, and RSS on SALT. Spectral type and luminosity class determined from the near-IR colour-magnitude diagrams were compared to those derived from the spectra. Determination of spectral types was accomplished by identifying specific lines and calculating indices from TiO bands, VO bands, and the Na atomic line for giants (finding 4 stars) and sub-giants/giants (3 stars). A spectral library template was used instead of the indices in cases of main-sequence stars (2 stars).Our investigation also confirmed the positions of AR Cir, V794 Oph and EU Sct where there had been some ambiguity previously. Ultimately, we suggest four prime RNe candidates (2 novae with giant secondaries - V3964 Sgr and EU Sct, and 2 novae with sub-giant secondaries - V794 Oph and V368 Aql) which are currently classified as CNe, to look for more than one outburst in archival plates or large sample sky surveys such as SMEI (see below). By introducing the high cadence full-sky space-based observational archive of the Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) which operated on the Coriolis satellite from 2003-2011, we derived light curves of one Mira (O Cet) as a general example and two novae with known outbursts during 2003-2011 (V2467 Cyg and V1187 Sco). The SMEI light curves potentially reveal more details than those given by ground-based observations. The pre-maximum halt was found in V2467 Cyg as well as oscillations in light curves found earlier than those found in previous studies. The precise date of maximum of each nova was provided. Four bright novae that are potentially RNe candidates (V4074 Sgr, V3964 Sgr, DK Lac and V368 Aql) were searched for second outbursts in the SMEI data, but none were found. Among the nova outbursts detected by SMEI, we found however unprecedented detail in first class data of the Recurrent Nova T Pyx in its 2011 outburst. We investigated the optical light curve of T Pyx during its 2011 outburst through compiling a database of SMEI and American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) observations. The SMEI light curve, covering t=1.5-49 days post-discovery, was divided into four phases based on the idealised nova optical light curve; the initial rise (1.5-3.3 days), the pre-maximum halt (3.3-13.3 days), the final rise (14.7-27.9 days), and the early decline (27.9 days, until the end of SMEI observations on day 49). The SMEI light curve contains a strongly detected period of 1.44+-0.05 days during the pre-maximum halt phase. These oscillations resemble those found in recent TNR models arising from instabilities in the expanding envelope. No spectral variations that mirror the light curve periodicity were found however. The marked dip at t~22-24 days just before light curve maximum at t=27.9 days may represent the same (shorter duration) phenomenon seen in other novae observed by SMEI and present in some TNR model light curves. The spectra of T Pyx from the 2m the Liverpool Telescope and the Small and Moderate Aperture Research Telescope System (SMARTS) 1.5m telescope were obtained from t=0.8-80.7 and 155.1-249.9 days, covering the major phases of development. The nova was observed very early in its rise where a distinct high velocity ejection phase was evident with derived Vej~4000 km/s initially. A marked drop at t=5.7 days, and then a gradual increase occurred in derived Vej to stabilise at ~1500 km/s at the pre-maximum halt. Here we propose two different stages of mass loss, a short-lived phase occurring immediately after outburst and lasting ~6 days followed by a more steadily evolving and higher mass loss phase. The overall spectral development follows that typical of a Classical Nova and comparison with the photometric behaviour reveals consistencies with the simple evolving pseudo-photosphere model of the nova outburst. Comparing optical spectra to X-ray and radio light curves, weak [Fe X] 6375A emission was marginally detected before the X-ray rise and was clearly present during the brightest phase of X-ray emission. If the onset of the X-ray phase and the start of the final decline in the optical are related to the cessation of significant mass loss, then this occurred at t~90-110 days.

Orientador: Jose Roberto Zan / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T03:00:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_FabioSaitodos_M.pdf: 5713389 bytes, checksum: a4043a3fa76709fbad181630163337be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Composta de parte da produção musical de setores da classe média carioca da década de 1950, a Bossa Nova surgiu num momento de profundas transformações nas estruturas sociais do país. Associada à ascensão das camadas médias urbanas, à transformações técnicas na indústria fonográfica, dentre outros processos, aquela música foi foco de intensa discussão nos meios de comunicação e posteriormente no meio acadêmico. O principal debate tratou da autenticidade daquela música, orientado por noções como de identidade, nação, libertação e identidade nacional construídas anteriormente na história do Brasil, chamadas de nacional-popular. Ocorreu que enquanto setores mais conservadores afirmavam que ela tomava emprestado procedimentos do Jazz, advindos do intenso influxo da cultura norte-americana, outros defendiam que ela se apresentava como uma alternativa moderna e brasileira à pr.ogramação predominantemente estrangeira das rádios. Enfocando esse debate da influência do Jazz, foram realizadas resenhas de cinco autores que escreveram nos primeiros anos do fenômeno bossanovista - Brasil Rocha Brito, Júlio Medaglia, Ramalho Neto, Aloysio de Oliveira e José Ramos Tinhorão. A partir do confronto entre a análise musical e auditiva dos aspectos da melodia, harmonia, ritmo, forma, instrumentação e arranjo de nove canções bossanovistas e o trabalho desses autores, procura-se demonstrar que a noção de influências do Jazz constituiu um construção simbólica, orientada por aquela ideologia nacional-popular. Além disso, ao detectar uma diversidade nas prática e procedimentos empregados no interior do repertório analisado,'também se questiona a unidade da produção musical bossanovista. / Abstract: Composed of part of the musical production of sectors of the middle class of Rio de Janeiro ca. 1950s, Bossa Nova music appeared at a moment of profound transformations in the social structures of Brazilian society. Associated with the ascension of the urban middle classes, and the technical transformations in the phonographic industry, amongst other processes, this music was the focus of intense quarrel in the media and, later, in the academy. The main debate dealt .with the authenticity of this music, and the argument was strongly influenced by notions of identity, nation, liberation and national identity - ideas previously constructed in Brazilian history and collectively called national-popular. While conservative sectors affirmed that Bossa Nova music loaned musical procedures ITom Jazz associated with the intense influx of the North American culture, others defended that it presented itse1f as a modern and Brazilian alterative to the predominantly foreign radio programme. This work focuses on this debate of the influence of Jazz music. Summaries of tive Brazilian authors who wrote in the early years of the Bossa Nova Phenomenon were written: Brazil Rocha Brito, Júlio Medaglia, Ramalho Neto, Aloysio de Oliveira and Jose Tinhorão Tinhorão. Through the confrontation of the literary works of these authors and the musical and auditory analysis of the aspects of the melody, harmony, rhythm, form, instrumentation and arrangement of nine Bossa Nova songs, it is demonstrated that the notion of influences of Jazz music constitute a symbolic construction, guided by the national-popular ideology. Moreover, while detecting diversity in the procedures used within the in scope of the analyzed repertoire, the unity ofthe Bossa Nova repertoire is questioned. / Mestrado / Mestre em Música

This thesis examines the changing geography of agriculture in Nova Scotia between 1851 and 1951. Its aims are to establish and explain the patterns of farm settlement and agricultural production in Nova Scotia during a century of enormous change. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the economy and society of Nova Scotia became closely integrated with those of the rest of continental North America. Improvements in ocean and inland transportation reduced the time and costs of movement over vast distances, and changing aspirations and opportunities accompanied the shift from a predominantly rural to a predominantly urban society. Particular attention is devoted to the influences on agriculture of these changes. Three settlement zones are identified — fishing, lumbering and farming — and patterns of farm production and trade are examined in three time eras: the 1850s, the 1890s and the- 1940s. Representative farming districts and sample farms are examined to illustrate how regional patterns manifested themselves at the community and farmstead scales. Although mixed farming emphasizing livestock production prevailed in most districts of Nova Scotia during the century under investigation, agricultural holdings varied enormously in size, market orientation and crop and livestock mix in all three settlement zones. In the mid-nineteenth century few districts in the fishing and lumbering zones produced agricultural surpluses; indeed most failed to produce enough food to feed their populations. Agricultural production was concentrated in a farming zone that stretched across Nova Scotia's northern tier of counties, and small zones of specialty production were already visible in the landscape (potatoes in the Annapolis-Cornwallis Valley, wheat and grains in Pictou and Sydney/Antigonish Counties). Farm surpluses entered the small domestic markets of the colony, or they were exported to New England and to nearby colonies which were more dependent on fish and timber than was Nova Scotia (Newfoundland, Saint Pierre and New Brunswick). Agriculture contributed to provincial exports at a level similar to that of forestry and three times that of mining. Between 1851 and 1891 the number of farms in Nova Scotia doubled to 60,122, and the amount of improved land increased by 240 per cent (to almost 2,000,000 acres). By the 1890s Nova Scotia's fishing and lumbering zones were far more self-sufficient in agricultural products than four decades earlier, and some hardscrabble commercial farms were regularly supplying the mines and woodworking establishments that had been established in these zones. In the farming zone new specialty products appeared (apples in the Annapolis-Cornwallis Valley, milk and cream in the districts of Hants and Colchester Counties close to railway lines), farmers continued to contribute to provincial exports at a level similar to that in the mid-nineteenth century (even though total trade had expanded considerably between 1851 and 1891), and due to the growth of the province's urban system during the last quarter of the nineteenth century the domestic market was a more important outlet for provincial farm surpluses than had been the case in the mid-nineteenth century. However, as a consequence of growing interregional connectivity Nova Scotian farmers were experiencing stiff competition from distant, well-endowed agricultural regions in local and external markets and farm families adjusted their operations to the changed circumstances. Dairying, fruit and poultry farming expanded while the production of beef cattle, sheep, potatoes and most grains declined. Marginal operations were abandoned. Between 1891 and 1941 the number of farms in Nova Scotia fell by almost half and a larger proportion of the 24,000 farms remaining in the province in 1951 (25 per cent fewer than in 1851) were "subsistence", "part-time" or "idle" operations than in the nineteenth century. Nonetheless, the gross value of agricultural production remained remarkably stable during this period despite declines in farms and farmland. Remaining commercial farms were more capital-intensive and specialized than in the nineteenth century and they were more concentrated in the central and western portions of the farming zone where the best soils and climatic conditions for agriculture were found. Peri-urban dairying zones encircled Nova Scotia's several urban/industrial regions. Although provincial farmers continued to contribute to exports in the twentieth century, by 1950 the relative position of agriculture in provincial exports had declined considerably, and the domestic markets were the most important outlets for surplus agricultural products. Yet Nova Scotian farmers supplied only about one-third of the food consumed in the province and the population remained dependent upon distant agricultural regions. This is essentially a case study of one important segment of Maritime Canada. However, it demonstrates a process of rural change that was repeated in nearby New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island, and in parts of New England, Quebec and Ontario. Changes in the efficiency of ocean and inland transportation in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries transformed the costs of transporting food from distant regions and the resulting interregional competition in domestic and external markets forced adjustments on farms in all of these areas. In general, as interregional competition increased, there was a gradual shift from the production of high bulk, non-perishable commodities for export to perishable, low bulk, high value commodities for sale in local markets. Distant specialty production regions — in Western Canada, the United States, New Zealand, Australia, and Central and South America - became the principal sources of supply of many agricultural staples for consumers all along the eastern fringe of the North American continent, and rural outmigration and farmland abandonment accompanied rising farm productivity and agricultural specialization in nearby agricultural regions. As the twentieth century wore on, farms in Nova Scotia increasingly concentrated on products that retained a competitive advantage in domestic markets because of their perishability (fluid milk, cream, poultry eggs, market garden vegetables, apples and berries). This cycle of agricultural expansion in the nineteenth century, followed by a rapid loss of farms and farmland in the twentieth century, and the increasing concentration of capital-intensive, specialized farming in a few nodes with physiographic or market advantages over distant producing regions, was common to many long-settled agricultural regions in eastern North America. / Arts, Faculty of / Geography, Department of / Graduate

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