Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Paper spray is an ambient ionization technique for mass spectrometry that is well-known for its ability to accomplish rapid and sensitive analyses without any need for sample preparation. This work further develops the technique in two major areas: negative ionization and drug screening. Negative ionization has always been an obstacle to electrospray-based ion sources because of its vulnerability to corona discharge, but methods are presented here to both quantify and suppress this electrical phenomenon, thus preventing it from interfering with qualitative/quantitative analyses. The validity of the discharge-suppressing method is demonstrated for both a simple screen of barbiturates and other acidic drugs (Chapter 2) and the detection and quantitation of chemical warfare agent hydrolysis products (Chapter 3). Additionally, a positive ion drug screen is applied to the analysis of postmortem blood samples (Chapter 4), achieving rapid and effective screening of 137 different drugs ranging from pharmaceuticals to drugs of abuse. The performance of this screen is also evaluated by comparing the results of the postmortem samples to those obtained using a more established series of assays. The research contained herein presents strides toward forensic application of paper spray mass spectrometry, especially in disciplines related to forensic toxicology.

Studies have shown that when young EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners participate in oral collaboration tasks, it may have both positive and negative effects for them. Nearly all of the research done in this area has been carried out on older learners, which makes the information related to younger learners relatively narrow. In the last decade, however, research done with young learners has gradually increased. This has led to elementary school teachers being given a wider range of knowledge regarding oral collaborative tasks and their impact on their students. Through a handful of selected research carried out on young English learners, this study’s aim is to highlight both positive and negative impacts that oral collaboration tasks may have on students in elementary school (K3). All of the research from our selected articles was conducted through observation in the classroom, in which two of them included students’ own perceptions. Different factors can have an influence on oral collaboration tasks, such as patterns of interaction, task content, attitudes and feelings, and the teacher’s role.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第17868号 / 工博第3777号 / 新制||工||1577(附属図書館) / 30688 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科社会基盤工学専攻 / (主査)教授 寶 馨, 教授 木村 亮, 准教授 立川 康人 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(エネルギー科学) / 甲第19822号 / エネ博第328号 / 新制||エネ||66(附属図書館) / 32858 / 京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究科エネルギー基礎科学専攻 / (主査)教授 萩原 理加, 教授 佐川 尚, 教授 野平 俊之 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Energy Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第20581号 / 工博第4361号 / 新制||工||1678(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科物質エネルギー化学専攻 / (主査)教授 安部 武志, 教授 作花 哲夫, 教授 阿部 竜 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間健康科学) / 甲第21040号 / 人健博第56号 / 新制||人健||4(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科人間健康科学系専攻 / (主査)教授 三谷 章, 教授 澤本 伸克, 教授 髙橋 良輔 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human Health Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM

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